Oil Consumption Measurements for a Modern Opposed-Piston Two-Stroke Diesel Engine

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian J. Callahan ◽  
Michael H. Wahl ◽  
Kent Froelund
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
Firing Frequency ◽  
Thermodynamic Efficiency ◽  
Oil Consumption ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Lubricant Oil ◽  
European Stationary Cycle

Opposed-piston two-stroke diesel engines have an inherent thermodynamic efficiency advantage and, by virtue of having double the firing frequency, allow for increased power density and lower NOX emissions while improving fuel efficiency, when compared to a four-stroke engine of equivalent power. However, opposed-piston two-stroke engines are piston-ported and, as such, are often erroneously dismissed for use in emissions compliant, on-highway vehicle applications over oil control concerns. The results presented in this paper show that oil control at levels acceptable for combustion and emissions control purposes is attainable with crankcase-lubricated, piston-ported opposed-piston diesel engines. Lubricant oil consumption was measured for the 13 test modes of the European Stationary Cycle using a real-time Da Vinci lubricant oil consumption measurement system. Repeatability of the measurement process was demonstrated. Oil consumption was measured during engine warm-up and shown to be reduced 30% compared to the fully warm condition. Furthermore, an increase of the oil control ring tension resulted in 16% lower oil consumption compared to the baseline. An optimization involving measurements with different cylinder kits resulted in a weighted average fuel-specific lubricant oil consumption of 0.18%. These data represent the first measured lubricant oil consumption maps for any contemporary two-stroke diesel engine ever reported.

An Accelerated Testing Approach for Lubricant Oil Consumption Reduction on an EMD 710 Diesel Engine

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kent Froelund ◽  
Steve Fritz ◽  
John Hedrick ◽  
Jaime Garcia ◽  
Neil Blythe
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Measurement Technique ◽  
Consumption Rate ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Lubricating Oil ◽  
Oil Consumption ◽  
Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel ◽  
Lubricant Oil

Real-Time Da Vinci Lubricant Oil Consumption (DALOC™) measurements were made on a 2,942 kW (4,000 hp) EMD 16-710G3 locomotive diesel engine, as part of a program to evaluate prototype cylinder kits that hold the potential to reduce lubricating oil consumption and hence reduce exhaust particulate matter emissions towards meeting EPA Tier 0+ locomotive emissions certification. The DALOC technique uses sulfur dioxide (SO2) measured in the exhaust gas stream as a tracer for oil consumption. The engine was operated on an ultra-low sulfur diesel fuel (3 ppm by weight) and commercially available SAE grade 20W40 mineral-based lubricating oil (4,865 ppm by weight). Knowing the SO2 concentration in the exhaust, the air and fuel flow rates, and the lubricating oil consumption rate can be calculated in real-time, i.e. on a second-to-second basis. Use of this measurement technique on the locomotive engine application has proven to be a cost- and time-reducing tool for mapping steady-state lubricating oil consumption rate. Numerous prior publications describe the evolution of this technique over time as well as the prior art in the area of lubricant impact on emissions [1–12]. As part of this project, the lubricant oil consumption of 4 different cylinder kits were accurately quantified at 4 steady-state operating conditions typical of North American freight locomotive operation within less than 40 hours of actual engine running. Applying this measurement technique, a reduction of lubricant oil consumption of 75%+ in comparison to the baseline cylinder kits were documented.

Predicted Effects of Cylinder Kit Wear on Blowby and Oil Consumption for Two Diesel Engines

1999 ◽  
Vol 122 (4) ◽  
pp. 520-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. E. Richardson ◽  
S. A. Krause
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Gas Pressure ◽  
Oil Consumption ◽  
Dynamics Model ◽  
Power Cylinder ◽  
Individual Type ◽  
Cylinder Bore

Durability is very important for current diesel engines. Diesel engine manufacturers are trying to make the engines live as long as possible before overhaul. The time to overhaul for an engine is usually dictated by high oil consumption or blowby. Therefore, it is necessary to understand how wear affects the cylinder kit dynamics, oil consumption, and blowby in an engine. This paper explores the effect of power cylinder component (rings and cylinder bore) wear by using a cylinder kit dynamics model. The model predicts how wear will affect ring motion, inter-ring gas pressure, blowby, etc. The parameters studied were: liner wear, ring face wear, and ring side wear. Two different engines were modeled. The characteristics of these two engines are very different. As a result, the effects of wear are different and the corresponding durability will be different. This illustrates the need to model each individual type of engine separately. The modeling shows that top ring face wear is very significant for maintaining good oil and blowby control. Liner wear is important, but does not have as large an effect as ring wear. The effects of side wear are significant for these two cases. [S0742-4795(00)00203-9]

Study on Mixed Pulse Converter (MIXPC) Turbocharging System and Its Application in Marine Diesel Engines

2010 ◽  
Vol 54 (01) ◽  
pp. 68-77
Author(s):  
Yi Cui ◽  
Hongzhong Gu ◽  
Kangyao Deng ◽  
Shiyou Yang
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Thermal Load ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Tvd Scheme ◽  
Boost Pressure ◽  
Turbocharging System ◽  
Marine Diesel ◽  
Pulse Converter

In order to improve fuel efficiency and power density, the boost pressure of diesel engine is increasing continuously. The increase in boost level leads to some problems, such as lack of air under part load operating conditions, response delay during transient processes, and high mechanical and thermal load. In order to meet the high boost level demand, a new type of turbocharging system—mixed pulse converter (MIXPC) turbo-charging system for multicylinder diesel engines (from 4 to 20 cylinders) has been invented. A turbocharged diesel engine simulation model, based on one-dimensional finite volume method (FVM) and total variation diminishing (TVD) scheme, has been developed and used to design and analyze the MIXPC turbocharging system. The applications of MIXPC system in in-line 8- and 4-cylinder and V-type 16-cylinder medium-speed marine diesel engines have been studied by calculation and experiments. The results show that the invented MIXPC system has superior engine fuel efficiency and thermal load compared with original turbocharging systems.

scholarly journals Using Simulation for Development of The Systems of Automobile Gas Diesel Engine and its Operation Control

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.28) ◽  
pp. 288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikhail G. Shatrov ◽  
Vladimir V. Sinyavski ◽  
Andrey Yu. Dunin ◽  
Ivan G. Shishlov ◽  
Andrey V. Vakulenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Fuel Supply ◽  
High Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Fuel Substitution ◽  
Basic Parameters ◽  
Cr System ◽  
And Control

The work was aimed at the development of gas supply, diesel fuel supply and electronic control systems for automobile gas diesel engines. Different ways of diesel engine conversion to operate on natural gas were analyzed. Gas diesel process with minimized ignition portion of diesel fuel injected by the CR system was selected. Electronic engine control and modular gas feed systems which can be used on high- and middle-speed gas diesel engines were developed. Diesel CR fuel supply system was developed in cooperation with the industrial partner. Simulation was used to obtain basic parameters and control methods of these systems. The base diesel engine was converted into gas diesel engine using the systems developed. Bench tests of the gas diesel engine demonstrated a high share of diesel fuel substitution with gas, high fuel efficiency and large decrease of NOх and СО2 emissions. 

Design and Performance Optimization of Off-highway Diesel Engine with Mechanical Fuel Injection Equipment for TIER-IV Emission Norms

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Subramanian ◽  
A. Kandaswamy ◽  
S. Mhahadevan
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Oxidation Catalyst ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Transient Performance ◽  
Injection Equipment ◽  
And Performance

The two cylinder diesel engines are most demanding product in Indian market for power genset and tractor applications. But major task faced by engine manufacturers all over the world is to upgrade running engine designs with minimum and cost-effective modifications to meet the next level of emission norms. This saves the precious lead time and investments. In addition uncomplicated design has to be sustained as far as possible while improving emissions. Further the basic desires of the end user in off-road market are good response, transient performance, better low end torque, best fuel efficiency and smooth operation of the engine besides best in class reliability. Additional requirements needed to sustain the market with higher power to weight ratio and increased life of the engine. Henceforth turbocharging applications for off-road diesel engines are promising solution for enhancing rated power, low speed torque, transient performance, optimized fuel efficiency and engine downsizing. A trade-off is required to match some incompatible design issues like overall dimensions, cost, emissions control and performance in order to sustain the existing design. Future diesel engine emission standards will restrict vehicle emissions, particularly nitrogen oxides. In the present work, performance improvement for 1.7L, 2 cylinder in-line naturally aspirated diesel engine with mechanical fuel injection pump for off-road application is developed to contain all needs of the market. Design up-gradation of this engine for Tier IV is made with minimal design changes by optimal combinations of fuel injection equipment. This includes proper optimization of performance with improvements in nozzle geometry, change in injector end pressure. But due to the increased fuel flow rates for improving the engine performance as well as emission reduction, there is also a requirement for increased air flow. Henceforth in this study air flow rate is simulated and discussed for selection of turbocharger and intercooler. Further elaborate design and analysis study is also done on cooled exhaust gas recirculation system for exhaust gas cooling efficiency, Diesel Oxidation catalyst, Selective Catalytic Reduction /Lean NOx Trap substrate selection for reduced pressure drop and maximum retention time for exhaust gas to achieve Tier IV norms in turbocharged intercooled two cylinder engine.

scholarly journals IMPROVING FUEL EFFICIENCY OF MARINE SWIRL-CHAMBER DIESEL ENGINE BY INCREASED THERMAL RESISTANCE OF HEAT TRANSFER

2019 ◽  
pp. 80-87
Author(s):  
Alexander Fedorovich Dorokhov ◽  
Pavel Aleksandrovitch Dorokhov
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Thermal Resistance ◽  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Swirl Chamber

The article considers ship swirl-chamber diesel engines used in shipbuilding as the main and auxiliary engines. Two reasons for low profitability of the swirl chamber diesel engines are highlighted: large heat losses of the cooling working fluid due to the extended heat transfer surface of the chamber, and significant aerodynamic energy losses of compressed air during its passage through a relatively narrow channel connecting the piston chamber with the combustion chamber and the flow of gases from the swirl chamber on top the piston space. There have been proposed the methods for improving the operational performance of swirl-chamber diesels in production, in particular, their fuel efficiency. The scheme of the swirl-chamber and a section of the swirl-chamber cylinder head are presented. It has been stated that the total coefficient of thermal conductivity can be reduced if the wall of the swirl- chamber is made multi-layer. The layouts of a multi-layer cylinder-spherical wall of a swirl combustion chamber with a titanium cylinder-spherical insertion and thermal insulation of a vortex combustion chamber are given. The total thermal resistance of the spherical wall was calculated, heat loss through the multilayer spherical wall was determined, gas temperature in the vortex chamber was calculated, according to the average cycle temperature diagram. It was inferred that the amount of heat removed from the working fluid to cooling through the thermally insulated wall of the swirl-chamber will be 40% less than the amount of heat released to the cooling through the wall of the swirl-chamber of a commercial diesel engine. The difference in heat will be used to increase the indicator gas operation, which, with the same cyclic fuel supply, will lead to a decrease in the specific indicator fuel consumption, and at a constant level of internal engine losses - to a decrease in the specific effective fuel consumption.

scholarly journals THE CONCEPT OF COMBUSTION PROCESS ORGANISATION IN A BOXER TWO-STROKE DIESEL ENGINE AT A HIGH LEVEL OF BOOSTING

2021 ◽  
pp. 45-51
Author(s):  
I.V. Parsadanov ◽  
A.G. Lal
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Mixing Efficiency ◽  
Diesel Generator ◽  
Piston Group ◽  
Air Supply ◽  
Cylinder Piston ◽  
High Level

Based on the analysis and synthesis of previously performed theoretical and practical studies, the paper proposes a concept of combustion process organization in a boxer two-stroke diesel engine at a high level of boosting. Such diesel engines are produced in Ukraine and are widely used in land, sea and rail transport, as diesel generator plants. The implementation of this concept will ensure the reduction of the thermal stress of the cylinder piston group for these diesel engines, while improving fuel efficiency. The features of the organization of the working process in a boxer two-stroke diesel engine are briefly considered. The contribution of Ukrainian, Russian and American scientists to the development and improvement of their mixing efficiency is noted. Following the purpose of the research, which determines the choice of directions for the development and implementation of technical solutions for the simultaneous reduction of fuel consumption and thermal tension of the cylinder-piston group when forcing a boxer two-stroke diesel engine, it is proposed to use the amount of released heat as a criterion for evaluating the quality of combustion. Based on the results of earlier studies, conceptual foundations for increasing the efficiency of the combustion process of a highly boosted boxer two-stroke diesel engine have been developed, which are directly related to the air supply, fuel supply, the rationale for choosing the shape of the combustion chamber are determined by the amount of heat released during combustion and the nature of its change in the crankshaft rotation angle.

scholarly journals Technical review of opportunities to reduce the warm-up time of lubricant oil in a light-duty diesel engine

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davide Di Battista ◽  
Diego Vittorini ◽  
Fabio Fatigati ◽  
Roberto Cipollone
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Technical Review ◽  
Lubricant Oil ◽  
Light Duty

Development of Aluminium Alloys for High Temperature Applications in Diesel Engines

2009 ◽  
Vol 618-619 ◽  
pp. 595-600 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Kasprzak ◽  
Daryoush Emadi ◽  
Mahi Sahoo ◽  
Maria Aniolek
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Aluminium Alloys ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Thermal Characteristics ◽  
Alloy Development ◽  
Cast Irons ◽  
Aging Kinetics

Rapid penetration of diesel engines is expected in North America because of their better fuel efficiency and lower greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Diesel engine components, particularly cylinder heads, are made of cast irons and replacing them with aluminium alloys could result in a significant weight reduction and consequently better fuel efficiency. Aluminum alloys for diesel engine applications need to withstand higher operating temperatures and pressures as compared to conventional 3xxx based alloys that lose strength above 150oC. This paper presents selected results pertaining to alloy development with improved high temperature performance based on the modified 356 composition. Such alloys with engineered chemical composition and properly designed heat treatment could have improved properties at temperatures up to 250oC. The advanced thermal analysis techniques including dilatometer analysis were used to determine the effect of alloying additions on thermal characteristics including aging kinetics and its impact on casting service performance. Selected structure analysis results including XRD and TEM/EDX as well as elevated temperature tensile testing are presented.

scholarly journals Diesel engine hazard particles emission and measures to eliminate them

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 29-32
Author(s):  
Slobodan Tošić ◽  
Radenka Bjelošević
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Ozone Layer ◽  
Important Influence ◽  
Main Field ◽  
Heavy Trucks

European union's goal is to eliminate hazard emission up to 2050. Main field of acting towards this goal is road traffic. Diesel engines has important influence at personal and transport vehicles. Most of heavy trucks and buses are propelled with diesel engines beacause of their reliability, fuel efficiency and tourqe. These engines are simple to maintain, cheap to produce and extremly durable. Main propblem with diesel engines are solid hazard particles emission and nitrosoxide. Health expets are concluded that these hazards effects human health, as well damaging ozone layer in athmosphere and create acid rains.

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