Investigation of Effect of Biomass Torrefaction Temperature on Volatile Energy Recovery Through Combustion

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. S. Akinyemi ◽  
L. Jiang ◽  
P. R. Buchireddy ◽  
S. O. Barskov ◽  
J. L. Guillory ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Hydrocarbon Composition ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Biomass Combustion ◽  
Pine Wood Chips ◽  
Mild Pyrolysis

Biomass has received wide attention as a substitute for fossil fuel in the generation of energy because of its renewability and carbon neutrality. However, raw biomass combustion is hindered by physical properties such as low energy density and high moisture content. Biomass torrefaction is a mild pyrolysis thermal treatment process carried out at temperature of 200 to 300°C under inert conditions to improve the fuel properties of parent biomass. This yields a higher energy per unit mass product but releases non-condensable and condensable gases which results in energy and mass losses. The condensable gases (volatiles), can result in tar formation on condensing hence, system blockage. Fortunately, the hydrocarbon composition of volatiles also represents a possible auxiliary energy source for torrefaction. The present study investigated energy recovery from volatiles through clean co-combustion with NG for feedstock drying and/or the thermal treatment process of pine wood chips. The research also studied the effect of torrefaction pretreatment temperatures on the amount of energy recovered for various combustion air flow rates. For all test conditions, blue visual flames and low CO and NOx emissions at the combustor exit consistently signified clean and complete premixed combustion. Torrefaction temperature at 283–292 °C had relatively low energy recovered from volatiles, mainly attributed to higher moisture content evolution and low molecular weight of volatiles evolved. At lowest torrefaction pretreatment temperature, smaller amount of volatiles was generated with most energy recovered from the volatiles. Energy conservation evaluation on the torrefaction reactor indicated that about 40% of total energy carried by the exiting volatiles and gases has been recovered by the co-fire of NG and volatiles at the lowest temperature while 20% and 22% of the total energy were recovered at the intermediate and highest torrefaction temperature respectively.

Investigation of Effect of Biomass Torrefaction Temperature on Volatile Energy Recovery Through Combustion

2018 ◽  
Vol 140 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oladapo S. Akinyemi ◽  
Lulin Jiang ◽  
Prashanth R. Buchireddy ◽  
Stanislav O. Barskov ◽  
John L. Guillory ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Hydrocarbon Composition ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Mass Losses ◽  
Pretreatment Temperature ◽  
Pine Wood Chips ◽  
Mild Pyrolysis ◽  
Conservation Evaluation

Biomass torrefaction is a mild pyrolysis thermal treatment process carried out at temperatures between 200 and 300 °C under inert conditions to improve fuel properties of parent biomass. Torrefaction yields a higher energy per unit mass product but releases noncondensable and condensable gases, signifying energy and mass losses. The condensable gases (volatiles) can result in tar formation on condensing, hence, system blockage. Fortunately, the hydrocarbon composition of volatiles represents a possible auxiliary energy source for feedstock drying and/or torrefaction process. The present study designed a low-pressure volatile burner for torrefaction of pine wood chips and investigated energy recovery from volatiles through clean co-combustion with natural gas (NG). The research studied the effects of torrefaction pretreatment temperatures on the amount of energy recovered for various combustion air flow rates. For all test conditions, blue flames and low emissions at the combustor exit consistently signified clean and complete premixed combustion. Torrefaction temperature at 283–292 °C had relatively low volatile energy recovery, mainly attributed to higher moisture content evolution and low molecular weight of volatiles evolved. At the lowest torrefaction pretreatment temperature, small amount of volatiles was generated with more energy recovered. Energy conservation evaluation on the torrefaction reactor indicated that about 27% of total energy carried by the exiting volatiles and gases has been recovered by the co-fire of NG and volatiles at the lowest temperature, while around 19% of the total energy was recovered at the intermediate and highest torrefaction temperatures, respectively. The energy recovered represents about 23–45% of the energy associated with NG combustion in the internal burner of the torrefaction reactor, signifying that the volatiles energy can supplement significant amount of the energy required for torrefaction.

Energy recovery from thermal treatment of dewatered sludge in wastewater treatment plants

2016 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 672-680 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingfeng Yang ◽  
Karla Dussan ◽  
Rory F. D. Monaghan ◽  
Xinmin Zhan
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Syngas Combustion ◽  
Dewatered Sludge

Sewage sludge is a by-product generated from municipal wastewater treatment (WWT) processes. This study examines the conversion of sludge via energy recovery from gasification/combustion for thermal treatment of dewatered sludge. The present analysis is based on a chemical equilibrium model of thermal conversion of previously dewatered sludge with moisture content of 60–80%. Prior to combustion/gasification, sludge is dried to a moisture content of 25–55% by two processes: (1) heat recovered from syngas/flue gas cooling and (2) heat recovered from syngas combustion. The electricity recovered from the combined heat and power process can be reused in syngas cleaning and in the WWT plant. Gas temperature, total heat and electricity recoverable are evaluated using the model. Results show that generation of electricity from dewatered sludge with low moisture content (≤ 70%) is feasible within a self-sufficient sludge treatment process. Optimal conditions for gasification correspond to an equivalence ratio of 2.3 and dried sludge moisture content of 25%. Net electricity generated from syngas combustion can account for 0.071 kWh/m3 of wastewater treated, which is up to 25.4–28.4% of the WWT plant's total energy consumption.

scholarly journals Energy Recovery Potential in Industrial and Municipal Wastewater Networks Using Micro-Hydropower in Spain

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 691
Author(s):  
Aida Mérida García ◽  
Juan Antonio Rodríguez Díaz ◽  
Jorge García Morillo ◽  
Aonghus McNabola
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Recovery Potential

The use of micro-hydropower (MHP) for energy recovery in water distribution networks is becoming increasingly widespread. The incorporation of this technology, which offers low-cost solutions, allows for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions linked to energy consumption. In this work, the MHP energy recovery potential in Spain from all available wastewater discharges, both municipal and private industrial, was assessed, based on discharge licenses. From a total of 16,778 licenses, less than 1% of the sites presented an MHP potential higher than 2 kW, with a total power potential between 3.31 and 3.54 MW. This total was distributed between industry, fish farms and municipal wastewater treatment plants following the proportion 51–54%, 14–13% and 35–33%, respectively. The total energy production estimated reached 29 GWh∙year−1, from which 80% corresponded to sites with power potential over 15 kW. Energy-related industries, not included in previous investigations, amounted to 45% of the total energy potential for Spain, a finding which could greatly influence MHP potential estimates across the world. The estimated energy production represented a potential CO2 emission savings of around 11 thousand tonnes, with a corresponding reduction between M€ 2.11 and M€ 4.24 in the total energy consumption in the country.

scholarly journals Using Thermal Treatment Process to Enhance Anodic Oxidation TiO2 Nanotubes with High Degradation Effect of Methylene Blue

2018 ◽  
pp. 655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Chien ◽  
Chi-Yu Lin ◽  
Shang-Te Tsai ◽  
Cheng-Fu Yang ◽  
Chiu-Chen Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Anodic Oxidation ◽  
Tio2 Nanotubes ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Degradation Effect

scholarly journals Biodrying process: a sustainable technology for treatment of municipal solid wastes organic fraction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nabil Kechaou ◽  
E Ammar
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Pollution Source ◽  
Solid Wastes ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Organic Fraction ◽  
Municipal Solid Wastes ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Forced Aeration

The Municipal Solid Waste of Agareb (Sfax –Tunisia), characterized by high organic fraction and moisture contents is the most worrying pollution source that must be managed by innovative treatment and recycling technologies. Bio-drying, as a waste to energy conversion technology, aims at reducing moisture content of this organic matter. This concept,  similar to composting, is accomplished by using the heat generated from the microbial degradation of the waste matrix, while forced aeration is used. The purpose of this work was to reduce the moisture content of the waste, by maximizing drying and minimizing organic matter biodegradation, in order to produce a solid recovered fuel with high calorific value.Keywords: Municipal solid wastes; organic matter; biodrying; composting; energy recovery.

Facile synthesis of ultrathin and perpendicular NiMn2O4 nanosheets on reduced graphene oxide as advanced electrodes for supercapacitors

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 1714-1720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Long Li ◽  
Hongli Hu ◽  
Shujiang Ding
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Reduced Graphene Oxide ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Facile Synthesis ◽  
Storage Performance ◽  
Reduced Graphene ◽  
Co Precipitation ◽  
Electrodes For Supercapacitors

A NiMn2O4 NSs@rGO nanocomposite was successfully fabricated through a facile co-precipitation and thermal treatment process, which exhibits enhanced energy storage performance.

Electrospray and Thermal Treatment Process for Enhancing Surface Roughness of Fecralloy Coating Layer on a Large Sized Substrate

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-52
Author(s):  
Hye Moon Lee ◽  
Hye Young Koo ◽  
Sangsun Yang ◽  
Dahee Park ◽  
Sooho Jung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Coating Layer
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