Development of Measurement Equipment for Measuring Tire Rolling Resistance on Road

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antti Leinonen ◽  
Matti Juhala
Keyword(s):  
Rolling Resistance ◽  
Load Cell ◽  
Noise Measurement ◽  
Resistance Force ◽  
Measurement Equipment ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Measurement Device ◽  
University Of Technology ◽  
Road Surfaces ◽  
Rigid Rod

In the Laboratory of Automotive Engineering at Helsinki University of Technology measurement equipment for rolling resistance measurements on road was developed. A whole new trailer was not constructed, but the equipment was placed in the noise measurement trailer HUT NOTRA. The measurement device is based on a load cell. The axle of the measurement tire is fastened with a rigid rod and two bearings to an auxiliary axle below it. Bearings allow the axle of the measurement tire to rotate around the auxiliary axle and this one degree of freedom is bound with the load cell that measures the rolling resistance force. Because the force reading is dependent on the alignment of the measurement device and that varies due to the suspension of the trailer, the alignment is monitored using an LVDT. The equipment was tested on different road surfaces. Several unexpected problems were encountered and therefore absolute values of rolling resistance force could not be determined. However, the project provided valuable information on different aspects related to development of a rolling resistance measurement device and that information can be used in forthcoming research projects.

Tire-Road Interactions — Harmony or Conflict?

1989 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-84
Author(s):  
A. R. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Rolling Resistance ◽  
Major Effect ◽  
Road Surface ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Central Theme ◽  
Water Drainage ◽  
The Road ◽  
Truck Tires ◽  
Road Surfaces ◽  
Tire Wear

Abstract This is a summary of work by the author and his colleagues, as well as by others reported in the literature, that demonstrate a need for considering a vehicle, its tires, and the road surface as a system. The central theme is interaction at the footprint, especially that of truck tires. Individual and interactive effects of road and tires are considered under the major topics of road aggregate (macroscopic and microscopic properties), development of a novel road surface, safety, noise, rolling resistance, riding comfort, water drainage by both road and tire, development of tire tread compounds and a proving ground, and influence of tire wear on wet traction. A general conclusion is that road surfaces have both the major effect and the greater potential for improvement.

scholarly journals Tire/Road Rolling Resistance Modeling: Discussing the Surface Macrotexture Effect

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 538
Author(s):  
Malal Kane ◽  
Ebrahim Riahi ◽  
Minh-Tan Do
Keyword(s):  
Slip Rate ◽  
Rolling Resistance ◽  
Friction Model ◽  
Slip Rates ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Road Surfaces ◽  
Profile Depth ◽  
Experimental Rolling ◽  
Resistance Modeling ◽  
Pavement Friction

This paper deals with the modeling of rolling resistance and the analysis of the effect of pavement texture. The Rolling Resistance Model (RRM) is a simplification of the no-slip rate of the Dynamic Friction Model (DFM) based on modeling tire/road contact and is intended to predict the tire/pavement friction at all slip rates. The experimental validation of this approach was performed using a machine simulating tires rolling on road surfaces. The tested pavement surfaces have a wide range of textures from smooth to macro-micro-rough, thus covering all the surfaces likely to be encountered on the roads. A comparison between the experimental rolling resistances and those predicted by the model shows a good correlation, with an R2 exceeding 0.8. A good correlation between the MPD (mean profile depth) of the surfaces and the rolling resistance is also shown. It is also noticed that a random distribution and pointed shape of the summits may also be an inconvenience concerning rolling resistance, thus leading to the conclusion that beyond the macrotexture, the positivity of the texture should also be taken into account. A possible simplification of the model by neglecting the damping part in the constitutive model of the rubber is also noted.

Use of the kinematic radius in the rolling mechanics of an elastic wheel

2021 ◽  
pp. 17-27
Author(s):  
V.I. Kopotilov
Keyword(s):  
Traction Force ◽  
Rolling Resistance ◽  
Kinematic Parameter ◽  
Resistance Force ◽  
Elastic Wheel ◽  
Wheel Rolling ◽  
Physical Essence ◽  
Braking Force ◽  
Rolling Mode

The analysis of the physical essence of the kinematic and dynamic radii of the wheel is given. It is stated that the rolling radius of the wheel is a conditional kinematic parameter that characterizes only the rolling mode of the wheel. It is not the shoulder of all longitudinal forces acting on the wheel and should not be used to determine tractive forces, rolling resistance and wheel braking forces. Specific examples are given to illustrate the inappropriateness of using the kinematic radius to determine forces and moments. Keywords: elastic wheel, rolling radius, kinematic radius, dynamic radius, arm of force, traction force, rolling resistance force, braking force, rolling mode

Novel Type of Biaxial Wheel-Type Haptic Input Device With MR-Brakes to Control Hydraulic Multi-Axis Manipulators

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Myszkowski ◽  
Tomasz Bartkowiak ◽  
Roman Staniek
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Angular Displacement ◽  
Rapid Change ◽  
Initial Study ◽  
Resistance Force ◽  
Input Device ◽  
Motion Direction ◽  
University Of Technology ◽  
Motion Resistance ◽  
Haptic Input

In the paper, authors present a design of a novel input device, in which, thanks to two ergonomically placed wheels, the operator can control the multi-axis manipulator with a single hand. The application of rotating elements provides the following benefits: achieving unlimited angular displacement, controlling numerous number of axes thanks to the certain combination of wheels motions, assigning force and position amplification individually, what helps to obtain both high speed and precision. In order to generate feedback force in the joystick, dedicated MR brakes were designed and built. The proposed feedback approach is an example of admittance control [1]. The joystick was built and tested at the Institute of Mechanical Technology of Poznan University of Technology. In the article, a theoretical model of the brake was shown together with analysis and discussion of its parameters. Additionally, it was supplemented with the results of theoretical and simulative studies. The paper also contains the outcome of the initial study focused on the analysis of the functionality, ergonomics and possibility of two-, three- and four axis control. It showed that the control algorithms played an essential role in motion control. They allow a rapid change of the generated resistance force during the change of motion direction. The obtained results validated the assumed design of the joystick with rotary elements and applied MR brakes due to the possibility of precisely control the motion resistance.

scholarly journals Assessment of Skid Resistance of Asphalt Mixtures in Laboratory Conditions

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 521-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Gardziejczyk ◽  
M. Wasilewska
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Road Surface ◽  
Skid Resistance ◽  
Mastic Asphalt ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
University Of Technology ◽  
Road Surfaces ◽  
Stone Mastic Asphalt

AbstractThe aggregate applied for the wearing course has a significant influence on skid resistance of road surfaces. However, it is difficult to evaluate the behaviour of road surface in use on the basis of the Polished Stone Value (PSV) determined for the aggregate according to the so called ‘British method’. The British method, which is currently used in many countries, does not allow to determine the influence of neither the grain size of the aggregate nor the type of the wearing course on skid resistance of road surface. The present paper suggests a method for evaluation of the British Pendulum Number (BPN) for road surfaces in laboratory conditions. The authors assumed the BPN for polished slabs, made from asphalt mixtures, as the criterion. The index was measured with the British Pendulum Tester. The simulation of the process was conducted on research stand (called slab polisher) built at Bialystok University of Technology (BUT). The results of laboratory tests indicate that surfaces from asphalt concrete (AC) have slightly higher values of BPN in comparison with the values determined for surfaces made from stone mastic asphalt (SMA).

Energy Loss of Pneumatic Tires Under Freely Rolling, Braking, and Driving Conditions

1976 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Schuring
Keyword(s):  
Energy Loss ◽  
Inclination Angle ◽  
Rolling Resistance ◽  
Slip Angle ◽  
Resistance Force ◽  
Unit Distance ◽  
Wheel Torque ◽  
Driving Conditions ◽  
Energy Dissipated ◽  
New Formula

Abstract The concept of rolling resistance force is replaced by that of energy dissipated in unit distance traveled. The energy loss per unit distance, which is a function of slip angle, inclination angle, wheel torque, and other variables, is shown to reach a minimum under driving conditions. The new formula is compared with those given by Gough and by the Society of Automotive Engineers.

Road Texture Influence on Tire Rolling Resistance

2013 ◽  
Vol 597 ◽  
pp. 193-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanislaw Taryma ◽  
Jerzy A. Ejsmont ◽  
Grzegorz Ronowski ◽  
Beata Swieczko-Zurek ◽  
Piotr Mioduszewski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Texture ◽  
Rolling Resistance ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Road Surface ◽  
Operating Parameters ◽  
Road Vehicles ◽  
Passenger Car ◽  
Road Surfaces ◽  
Resistive Forces

Tire rolling resistance is one of the most important resistive forces acting on road vehicles. It depends on tire and surface characteristics as well as vehicle operating parameters. This paper deals with the influence of road surface texture on rolling resistance of passenger car tires. Results of road measurements performed on variety of road surfaces are presented.

scholarly journals Effect of water ballast levels in the rear tires on tractor performance using disc plough on heavy clay soil: تأثير مستويات وزن الماء في العجلات الخلفية على أداء الجرار باستخدام المحراث القرصي في أرض طينية ثقيلة

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar Alnoor Ali Mohammed Zain
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Rolling Resistance ◽  
Resistance Force ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Heavy Clay ◽  
Draft Force ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
And Training

This experiment was carried out at Masaad Center Farm for Technology Transfer and Training in Al-Gezira State in Sudan on heavy clay soil with a moisture content of 15.41%. To evaluate the effect of three levels of water ballast in the rear tires 25%, 50% and 75% and the effect of three different plowing depths 10, 15 and 20 cm with pressure constant (25 psi) in the rear tires. It was linked with disc plough of three discs. The split plot was used with three replications according to Randomized Block Design (RBD). The results were statistically analyzed using SPSS software. Rolling resistance force, draft force and fuel consumption were highly significantly affected (on 1% level) by the addition of different water ballast levels and tillage depth. The slippage ratio decreased by 15% when increasing the level of water ballast from 25% to 75% at a depth of tillage 15 cm. The rolling resistance increased by 43%, when increasing the water ballast levels from 25% to 75% at a depth of 20 cm. The water ballast levels increased from 25% to 75% at the depth of 10 cm the draft force was increased by 22%. Fuel consumption increased by 26%, when increasing the water ballast levels from 25% to 75% at the depth of tillage of 20 cm. The study showed that the addition of 75% water ballast level in the rear tires improves the performance of the tractor. The study showed that when the water ballast levels increased the fuel consumption, rolling resistance force and draft force were increased and slippage was decreased. As the depth of tillage increased, the slippage, fuel consumption, rolling resistance force and draft force were increased.

scholarly journals Experimental Space and Form Creation on the Borderline in Art and Architecture

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-121
Author(s):  
Gábor Üveges
Keyword(s):  
Fine Arts ◽  
Virtual Space ◽  
Spatial Thinking ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Philosophical Concept ◽  
Arts And Sciences ◽  
University Of Technology ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approaches ◽  
Economics Department ◽  
Art And Architecture

In the process of the specialisation of arts and sciences and the fragmentation of knowledge, architecture - in certain aspects - has isolated itself from the other disciplines of fine arts. Yet, distinctive points of connection have continuously persisted between them. The ability to understand, oversee and associate the knowledge accumulated in the different disciplines also has the potential to facilitate progress and inspiration, both in intellectuality as well as in the creation of forms and spaces. This paper demonstrates four distinct directions of the creative work at the Budapest University of Technology and Economics Department of Graphics, Form and Design, each of which aims to explore new territories in this unique borderline between arts and architecture through interdisciplinary approaches and interoperability. The first direction, titled “The architecture of the picture and the picture of architecture” was the earliest research project, best described as an architectonic planar and spatial thinking exercise. Another, still ongoing project series has been titled “Folding – creating forms and spaces in light of a philosophical concept”. The third group of research projects could be best summarized under the title “Ideas and Forms–from conceptual thinking to visualisation”. And the final direction “Research Team – experimental architectonic form creation in the virtual space” includes the most recent research projects conducted at the department. These four directions of research projects spanning over a 15-year period have confirmed that the border area between architecture and fine arts carries an exceptional potential in the development of visual thinking, spatial and formal sensitivity and creativity of architecture students.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document