Heat and Mass Transfer Analysis of a Water and Solute Separation System: Using Solar Thermal Energy for Water Desalination

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peiwen Li ◽  
Aditya Peri ◽  
Hongzhang Ma ◽  
Yingwen Chen
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Heat Transfer Process ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
Treatment System ◽  
Solar Thermal Energy ◽  
Water Treatment System

A concept and the associated device of thermal-driven water treatment to fully separate water and solute have been proposed. The device is integrated to a conventional multi-effect-distillation water treatment system to achieve high energy efficiency and 100% water extraction using high temperature thermal energy. In the water treatment system, water for reclamation is sprayed into droplets which fall into hot, dry air and creates very effective convective heat transfer between water droplets and hot airflow. During the heat transfer process, water is vaporized for pure water collection while the crystallized solute from the reclamation water settles down to the bottom for collection. The current study investigates the energy consumption versus water treatment in the system, the correlation of the size of droplets and the temperature of hot air, and the mass heat distribution in subsystems or devices. Results from the study provide important guidance to the design of such a water treatment system.

Assessment of Water Droplet Evaporation Path in a Full Separation MED Desalination System

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Penghua Guo ◽  
Peiwen Li ◽  
Jingyin Li
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Water Droplet ◽  
Droplet Evaporation ◽  
Treatment System ◽  
Movement Behavior ◽  
Spray Parameters ◽  
Water Treatment System ◽  
Hot Air ◽  
Full Separation

An innovative concept of full separation multi effect distillation (FSMED) desalination system has been proposed in the present study. A full separation tank (FST) is integrated to a conventional multi effect distillation (MED) water treatment system to enhance the water productivity and thermal efficiency. The concentrated brine from the MED is atomized into tiny droplets and fully evaporated in the FST due to the effective convective heat transfer between water droplets and hot air-steam flow. A simplified non-equilibrium vaporization model is developed to describe the movement and evaporation behavior of a single water droplet in FST. Simulations are conducted to investigate the effect of the radiation heat transfer and droplet gravity on the droplet evaporation and movement behavior. The relationship of the water droplet size and falling distance with the hot air-steam temperature, and initial injection/spray parameters is investigated and presented. Results from the study provide important guidance to the design of such a water treatment system.

A Novel, Safe, and Environmentally Friendly Technology for Water Production Through Recovery of Rejected Thermal Energy From Nuclear Power Plants

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yehia F. Khalil ◽  
Menachem Elimelech
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Marine Ecology ◽  
Adverse Impact ◽  
Treatment System ◽  
Makeup Water ◽  
Water Treatment System ◽  
City Water

In this work, we describe a novel design that utilizes seawater and a portion of rejected heat from a nuclear plant’s steam cycle to operate a water desalination system using forward osmosis technology. Water produced from this process is of sufficient quality to be readily used to supply plant demands for continuous makeup water. The proposed process minimizes the environmental concerns associated with thermal pollution of public waters and the resulting adverse impact on marine ecology. To demonstrate the technical feasibility of this conceptual design of a water treatment process, we discuss a case study as an example to describe how the proposed design can be implemented in a nuclear power station with a once–through cooling system that discharges rejected heat to an open sound seawater as its ultimate heat sink. In this case study, the station uses a leased (vendor owned and operated) onsite water treatment system that demineralizes and polishes up to 500-gpm of city water (at 100 ppm TDS) to supply high-quality makeup water (< 0.01 ppm TDS) to the plant steam system. The objectives of implementing the new design are three fold: 1) forego current practice of using city water as the source of plant makeup water, thereby reducing the nuclear station’s impact on the region’s potable water supply by roughly 100 million gallons/year, 2) minimize the adverse impact of discharging rejected heat into the open sound seawater and, hence, protect the marine ecology, and 3) eliminate the reliance on external vendor that owns and operates the onsite water treatment system, thereby saving an annual fixed cost of $600K plus 6 cents per 1,000 gallons of pure water. The design will also eliminate the need for using two double-path reverse osmosis (RO) units that consume 425 kW/h of electric power to operate two RO pumps (480V, 281.6 HP, and 317.4 amps).

Improvement of Lake Water Quality by using Moving Rapid Water Treatment System

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwang-Hee Lee ◽  
◽  
Min-Ho Kim ◽  
Nam-Woo An ◽  
Chul-hwi Park
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Lake Water ◽  
Treatment System ◽  
Lake Water Quality ◽  
Water Treatment System

Multiplication of a Klebsiella pneumoniae Strain in Water at Low Concentrations of Substrates

1988 ◽  
Vol 20 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 117-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. van der Kooij ◽  
W. A. M. Hijnen
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Substrate Concentration ◽  
Treatment System ◽  
Water Treatment System ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Ks Values ◽  
Substrate Concentrations

A K.pneumoniae strain, isolated from a water treatment system, was tested in growth measurements for its ability to multiply at substrate concentrations of a few micrograms per liter. The organism multiplied on mixtures of carbohydrates and amino acids at a substrate concentration of 1 µg of C of each compound per liter. Tests with individual compounds revealed that especially carbohydrates were utilized at low concentrations. The Ks values obtained for maltose and maltopentaose were 53 µg of C/l and 114 µg of C per liter, respectively. The significance of the growth of K.pneumoniae at low substrate concentrations is discussed.

High Performance Hybrid Capacitive Deionization with Ag-coated Activated Carbon Electrode

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongsik Yoon ◽  
Jiho Lee ◽  
Taijin Min ◽  
Gunhee Lee ◽  
Minsub Oh
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Industrial Application ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Treatment System ◽  
Carbon Electrode ◽  
Capacitive Deionization ◽  
Water Treatment System

Capacitive deionization (CDI) has been highlighted as a promising electrochemical water treatment system. However, the low deionization capacity of CDI electrodes has been a major limitation for its industrial application,...

scholarly journals Development of a schwarzite-based moving bed 3D printed water treatment system for nanoplastic remediation

RSC Advances ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (32) ◽  
pp. 19788-19796
Author(s):  
Bramha Gupta ◽  
Rushikesh S. Ambekar ◽  
Raphael M. Tromer ◽  
Partha Sarathi Ghosal ◽  
Rupal Sinha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Aquatic Ecosystem ◽  
Treatment System ◽  
Environmental Challenges ◽  
Moving Bed ◽  
Water Treatment System ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
The Impact

The impact of micro and nanoplastic debris on our aquatic ecosystem is among the most prominent environmental challenges we face today.

scholarly journals Overall Efficiency of On-Site Production and Storage of Solar Thermal Energy

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1360
Author(s):  
Teodora M. Șoimoșan ◽  
Ligia M. Moga ◽  
Livia Anastasiu ◽  
Daniela L. Manea ◽  
Aurica Căzilă ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Multicriteria Analysis ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
Solar Thermal Energy ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Storage

Harnessing renewable energy sources (RES) using hybrid systems for buildings is almost a deontological obligation for engineers and researchers in the energy field, and increasing the percentage of renewables within the energy mix represents an important target. In crowded urban areas, on-site energy production and storage from renewables can be a real challenge from a technical point of view. The main objectives of this paper are quantification of the impact of the consumer’s profile on overall energy efficiency for on-site storage and final use of solar thermal energy, as well as developing a multicriteria assessment in order to provide a methodology for selection in prioritizing investments. Buildings with various consumption profiles lead to achieving different values of performance indicators in similar configurations of storage and energy supply. In this regard, an analysis of the consumption profile’s impact on overall energy efficiency, achieved in the case of on-site generation and storage of solar thermal energy, was performed. The obtained results validate the following conclusion: On-site integration of solar systems allowed the consumers to use RES at the desired coverage rates, while restricted by on-site available mounting areas for solar fields and thermal storage, under conditions of high energy efficiencies. In order to segregate the results and support optimal selection, a multicriteria analysis was carried out, having as the main criteria the energy efficiency indicators achieved by hybrid heating systems.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document