Study of Combustion Characteristics of Ethanol at Different Dilution With the Carrier Gas

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Binash Imteyaz ◽  
Mohamed A. Habib
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Liquid Fuel ◽  
Flame Temperature ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Combustion Efficiency ◽  
Combustion Characteristics ◽  
Conventional Combustion ◽  
Gas Volume

With the ever rising concern of global warming, carbon capture is gaining the reputation of one of the most challenging fields of research. A very promising technology to capture CO2 is oxy-combustion. Oxy-combustion offers several advantages over conventional combustion technologies, such as flue gas volume reduction, high combustion efficiency, low fuel consumption and significant reduction in NOx emissions. Liquid fuel is available and it is the most widely used source of energy in the world. Easy handling and transportation, less storage volume and higher flame temperature are some of the features of liquid fuel which give it an upper hand over other sources. In this study, an experimental work on oxygen enriched combustion of ethanol in a vertical reactor by Lacas F. et. al. has been modeled numerically. Non-premixed model using Probability Density Function has been incorporated to simulate the combustion process of ethanol droplets. Predicted combustion characteristics are found to be in good compliance with the experimental data. In addition to this, effects of dilution of carbon-dioxide in oxygen on the flame properties have also been presented. Combustion of ethanol in oxygen-carbon dioxide environment has been compared with that of the conventional air environment.

Study of Combustion Characteristics of Ethanol at Different Dilution With the Carrier Gas

2015 ◽  
Vol 137 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Binash Imteyaz ◽  
Mohamed A. Habib
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Liquid Fuel ◽  
Flame Temperature ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Combustion Efficiency ◽  
Combustion Characteristics ◽  
Gas Volume ◽  
Probability Density Function Pdf

With the ever-rising concern of global warming, carbon capture is gaining the reputation of one of the most challenging fields of research. A very promising technology to capture CO2 is oxy-combustion. Oxy-combustion offers several advantages over conventional combustion technologies, such as flue–gas volume reduction, high combustion efficiency, low fuel consumption, and significant reduction in NOx emissions. Liquid fuel is available and it is the most widely used source of energy in the world. Easy handling and transporting, less storage volume and higher flame temperature are some of the features of liquid fuel which give it an upper hand over other sources. In this study, an experimental work on oxygen enriched combustion of ethanol in a vertical reactor by Lacas et al. (2005, “Experimental Study of Air Dilution in Oxy-Liquid Fuel Flames,” Proc. Combust. Inst., 30(2), pp. 2037–2045) has been modeled numerically. Nonpremixed model using probability density function (PDF) has been incorporated to simulate the combustion process of ethanol droplets. Predicted combustion characteristics are found to be in good compliance with the experimental data. In addition to this, effects of dilution of carbon dioxide in oxygen on the flame properties have also been presented. Combustion of ethanol in oxygen–carbon dioxide environment has been compared with that of the conventional air environment.

scholarly journals RESEARCH OF INFLUENCE OF AIR TEMPERATURE ON THE LEVEL OF NITROGEN OXIDES IN SMOKE GASES OF BOILER PLANTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 27-32
Author(s):  
Olga A. BALANDINA ◽  
Svetlana M. PURING
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Nitrogen Oxides ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Software Package ◽  
Flame Temperature ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Flue Gases ◽  
Oxidizing Agent ◽  
Mixture Formation

The analysis of the values of the concentrations of the formed nitrogen oxides and the temperatures of the jet plume under various conditions of mixture formation is carried out. The plots of the distribution of torch temperatures and concentrations of nitric oxide in the calculated area for oxidizer temperatures of 20, 60, 100, 150, and 200 ° C were obtained and analyzed. Mathematical modeling of the gaseous fuel combustion process was carried out using the FlowVision software package. An analysis of the results showed that a decrease in the temperature of the air supplied as an oxidizing agent leads to a significant decrease in the concentration of nitrogen oxides in flue gases, while not significantly affecting the change in the flame temperature. The research results can be used to solve the problems of optimizing boiler plants, in order to reduce harmful flue gas emissions. Further modeling is planned to determine the dependence of the influence of various factors on the degree of formation of nitrogen oxides in the flue gases of boiler plants.

Humid Air NOx Reduction Effect on Liquid Fuel Combustion

2004 ◽  
Vol 126 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Chen ◽  
Daniel J. Maloney ◽  
William H. Day
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Fuel ◽  
Nox Reduction ◽  
Flame Temperature ◽  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Humid Air ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Reduction Of Nox ◽  
Reduction Effect

An experimental investigation was carried out at DOE NETL on the humid air combustion process using liquid fuel to determine the effects of humidity on pollutant emissions and flame stability. Tests were conducted at pressures of up to 100 psia (690 kPa), and a typical inlet air temperature of 860°F (733 K). The emissions and RMS pressures were documented for a relatively wide range of flame temperature from 2440-3090°F (1610–1970 K) with and without added humidity. The results show more than 90% reduction of NOx through 10% humidity addition to the compressed air compared with the dry case at the same flame temperature. The substantial reduction of NOx is due to a shift in the chemical mechanisms and cannot be explained by flame temperature reduction due to added moisture since the comparison was made for the same flame temperature.

The Evaluation and Comparison of Carbon Dioxide Capture Technologies Applied to FCC Flue Gas

2011 ◽  
Vol 347-353 ◽  
pp. 1479-1482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pu Peng ◽  
Yi Zhuang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Capture ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
Commercial Success ◽  
Green House ◽  
Co2 Capturing ◽  
And Storage

The CO2 capturing technologies as applied to FCC flue gas in order to reduce GHG (green house gases) were evaluated and compared in this review. Although the CCS (carbon capture and storage) idea has been proposed for more than 30 years, there has been little commercial success of CCS projects. The largest issue is where to store the massive amount of captured pure CO2 every year. Therefore, the review will focus on the efficient use of power or heat to reduce CO2 emission and how to recycle the use of produced CO2 before it is emitted to the atmosphere rather than being captured and stored. The scenarios with oxyfiring, microalgae-cofiring or biogas burning to treat FCC flue gas are introduced and discussed.

scholarly journals Oxy-Fuel Combustion Characteristics of Pulverized Coal under O2/Recirculated Flue Gas Atmospheres

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1362
Author(s):  
Shuhn-Shyurng Hou ◽  
Chiao-Yu Chiang ◽  
Ta-Hui Lin
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
Fuel Combustion ◽  
Combustion Characteristics ◽  
High Co2 ◽  
Australian Coal ◽  
And Storage

Oxy-fuel combustion is an effective technology for carbon capture and storage (CCS). Oxy-combustion for coal-fired power stations is a promising technology by which to diminish CO2 emissions. Unfortunately, little attention has been paid to the oxy-combustion characteristics affected by the combustion atmosphere. This paper is aimed at investigating the oxy-fuel combustion characteristics of Australian coal in a 0.3 MWth furnace. In particular, the influences of various oxygen flow rates and recirculated flue gas (RFG) on heating performance and pollutant emissions are examined in O2/RFG environments. The results show that with increases in the secondary RFG flow rate, the temperatures in the radiative and convective sections decrease and increase, respectively. At a lower oxygen flow rate, burning Australian coal emits lower residual oxygen and NO concentrations. In the flue gas, a high CO2 concentration of up to 94.8% can be achieved. Compared to air combustion, NO emissions are dramatically reduced up to 74% for Australian coal under oxy-combustion. Note that the high CO2 concentrations in the flue gas under oxy-coal combustions suggest great potential for reducing CO2 emissions through carbon capture and storage.

Pyrolysis and Oxidative Pyrolysis of Polystyrene

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashwani K. Gupta ◽  
Eugene L. Keating
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Destruction ◽  
Pyrolysis Temperature ◽  
Flame Temperature ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Chemical Species ◽  
Advanced Combustion ◽  
Oxidative Pyrolysis ◽  
Product Gas ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Gas Volume

Abstract Equilibrium thermochemical calculations of polystyrene are presented here under conditions of pyrolysis and oxidative pyrolysis. Oxidative pyrolysis is examined using both air and oxygen for varying moisture content in the polystyrene. The pyrolysis of polystyrene at different temperatures prior to its oxidative pyrolysis provided significantly different results. Product gas volume and flame temperature is significantly affected by the pyrolysis temperature, nature and amount of the oxidant and the amount of moisture in the waste. Results reveal significant effect of controlled combustion on the amount and nature of the chemical species formed. The results also reveal that advanced combustion process can significantly reduce the extent of post processing of gases required, and hence the size of the equipment, for achieving environmentally acceptable thermal destruction system of the solid wastes.

Thermodynamic Investigation on SO3 Distribution in Oxy-Fuel Combustion

2014 ◽  
Vol 694 ◽  
pp. 498-503
Author(s):  
Hai Ping Xiao ◽  
Gao Yan Han ◽  
Lin Dong ◽  
Xiang Ning
Keyword(s):  
Thermodynamic Equilibrium ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Formation Rate ◽  
Equilibrium Concentration ◽  
Fuel Combustion ◽  
Conventional Combustion ◽  
Circulation Mode ◽  
Gas Circulation ◽  
Gas Volume ◽  
Migration Law

Thermodynamic equilibrium is proposed to analyze the distribution of SO3 in different flue gas circulation modes to study the migration law of sulfur for oxy-fuel combustion. Results indicate that the concentration of SO2 increases dramatically when flue gas circulation is adopted with the decline of flue gas volume and the increase of oxygen concentration in oxy-fuel combustion, which results the increase of SO3 concentration and formation rate. At 1200°C, thermodynamic equilibrium concentration of SO2 and SO3 are 5.3 times and 6.1 times respectively compared with conventional combustion. In Oxy1 circulation mode, SO3 is the most sensitive to excess air coefficient and sulfur content, followed by Oxy2 circulation mode, while the conventional combustion has the lowest sensitivity. Therefore, SO3 is greatly influenced by different flue gas circulation modes during oxy-fuel combustion.

Humid Air NOx Reduction Effect on Liquid Fuel Combustion

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander G. Chen ◽  
Daniel J. Maloney ◽  
William H. Day
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Fuel ◽  
Nox Reduction ◽  
Flame Temperature ◽  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Humid Air ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Reduction Of Nox ◽  
Reduction Effect

An experimental investigation was carried out at DOE NETL on the humid air combustion process using liquid fuel to determine the effects of humidity on pollutant emissions and flame stability. Tests were conducted at pressures of up to 100 psia (690 kPa), and a typical inlet air temperature of 860 °F (733 K). The emissions and RMS pressures were documented for a relatively wide range of flame temperature from 2440–3090 °F (1610 − 1970 K) with and without added humidity. The results show more than 90 percent reduction of NOx through 10 percent humidity addition to the compressed air compared with the dry case at the same flame temperature. The substantial reduction of NOx is due to a shift in the chemical mechanisms and cannot be explained by flame temperature reduction due to added moisture since the comparison was made for the same flame temperature.

scholarly journals Quality Function Deployment (QFD) and TRIZ in Briquette Cookstove Design and Simulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 349-359
Author(s):  
Niswatun Faria ◽  
◽  
Kuntum Khoiro Ummatin ◽  
Mochammad Annas Junianto ◽  
Tedy Eko Budiharso
Keyword(s):  
Flue Gas ◽  
Quality Function Deployment ◽  
Computational Simulation ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Combustion Efficiency ◽  
Concept Design ◽  
Complete Combustion ◽  
Air Inlet ◽  
Secondary Air ◽  
Chamber Capacity

Poor cookstove design can harm the user's health and environment. This research aims to obtain an efficient cookstove design, environmentally friendly and operated easily. The cookstove design process using a combination of QFD and TRIZ. QFD able to capture customer needs through a questionnaire and interview. The data collected then processed to build a House of Quality (HoQ), one of the tools in QFD. QFD results in the design parameter of the briquette cookstove, which is incorporated in the concept design. The TRIZ method is utilized to understand the problem that might occur in the concept design and focus on solving the root causes. The next step is a detailed design where the dimensions, combustion chamber capacity, and supporting features are explained. The combination of QFD and TRIZ result in a briquette cookstove concept design which is easy to clean and operate. The combustion system is Top-lit Up-Draft (TLUD). The burning chamber has two air inlets, namely primary and secondary. The primary air inlet supplies the air from the bottom of the burning chamber, partially burns the briquette, and produces flue gas. The secondary air inlet is in the shape of an oval to supply air in the burning chamber's upper part to burn the flue gas completely. A complete combustion process will increase combustion efficiency and reduce emissions. A computational simulation shows the velocity distribution inside the burning chamber.

A Novel Undergraduate Combustion Teaching Approach Using Three-Dimensional Combustion Surfaces

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael David Costarell
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Power Generation ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Teaching Approach ◽  
Transportation Fuels ◽  
Industrial Boilers ◽  
The Individual

Presently, mechanical engineering thermodynamic classes discuss the individual boiler, reciprocating engine, and gas turbine cycles, while other courses mention the combustion of individual natural gas, oil and coal fuels. Though these processes and fuels have different working fluids and air-to-fuel ratios they have predictable and comparable flue gas oxygen and carbon dioxide. Presented is a curriculum supplement that allows students to model three-dimensional plots of oxygen and carbon dioxide both as varied by hydrogen-to-carbon ratio and air-to-fuel ratio. The typical operating areas are then superimposed on these three-dimensional plots for industrial boilers (3 to 25 MW), power generation boilers (25 to 1,000 MW), reciprocating engines (0.1 to 5 MW), and gas turbines (0.1 to 100 MW). As power generation and transportation fuels become scarce and more expensive, future engineering employees must know how to minimize energy consumption and cost for a variety of fuels and combustion systems. This new teaching approach provides students a concise overall combustion curriculum that predicts the theoretical flue gas mole fraction of any common combustion process used with the major fuel sources.

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