Experimental Research of Tire Elastomer-Surface Tribological Properties

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrei A. Kupreyanov ◽  
Mikhail V. Morozov ◽  
Boris N. Belousov ◽  
Tatiana I. Ksenevich ◽  
Vladimir V. Vantsevich
Keyword(s):  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Friction Pair ◽  
Thermodynamic Characteristics ◽  
Surface Friction ◽  
Normal Pressure ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Test Rig ◽  
Friction Process ◽  
Factor Ii ◽  
Experimental Findings

This paper presents a new experimental test rig and experimental findings on tire elastomer-surface friction characteristics that are necessary for modeling tire thermodynamic characteristics and then tire characteristics, including the μ-curve in the driving and braking modes of operation. Unlike common approaches, the paper offers experimental procedures and test results on both steady and non-steady friction process by introducing (i) velocity factor, (ii) normal pressure distribution, and (iii) a temperature factor in the elastomer-surface contact. The group of (i), (ii), and (iii)-listed factors, taken together, represents the key elements by means of which tribological properties of the tire-road interaction, i.e., an elastomer-surface friction pair, impact the μ-curve.

scholarly journals Effect of Temperature on the Tribological Properties of Selected Thermoplastic Materials Cooperating with Aluminium Alloy

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (23) ◽  
pp. 7318
Author(s):  
Anita Ptak ◽  
Paula Taciak ◽  
Wojciech Wieleba
Keyword(s):  
Aluminium Alloy ◽  
Contact Pressure ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Friction Process ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Pin On Disc ◽  
Two Parameters

This article concerns the tribological properties of three selected polymer materials: polyamide PA6, polyethylene PE-HD and polyetheretherketone composite PEEK/BG during sliding against aluminium alloy EN AW-2017A in the presence of hydraulic oil HLP 68. The tests were carried out under contact pressure p of 3.5–11 MPa at ambient temperature T ranging from −20 °C to +20 °C. The dependence of kinetic friction coefficient μk on the two parameters was determined through tribological tests carried out using a pin-on-disc tribometer. A five-level central composite rotatable design (CCRD) was adopted for the experiment. All the test results were statistically analysed. The microhardness of the surface of the polymeric material was measured before and after the friction process. The surface was also examined under SEM. Temperature and contact pressure have been found to have a significant effect on the tribological properties of the tested sliding pairs. Relative to the applied friction conditions, the surfaces after friction showed rather heavy signs of wear.

Tribological Properties of the Castor Oil Affected by the Additive of the Ionic Liquid [HMIM]BF4

2015 ◽  
Vol 138 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Shanhua ◽  
Chen Xuliang ◽  
Liu Liguo ◽  
Li Qingzhong
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Castor Oil ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Physical Adsorption ◽  
Engineering Application ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Test Rig ◽  
Wear Scar Diameter ◽  
Ball Test

The influence of the ionic liquid used as the additive on the tribological properties of castor oil is investigated using a four-ball test rig. The additive percentages of ionic liquid in castor oil are 0.6 wt.%, 1 wt.%, 2 wt.%, and 3 wt.%. The test results show that a small amount of ionic liquid can postpone the peak coefficient of friction and decrease the wear behavior of castor oil. The minimum of the wear scar diameter (WSD) occurs at 1 wt.% ionic liquid. It seems that the chemical adsorption of castor oil and ionic liquid on the steel surface is more significant than the physical adsorption. This study should be of great importance of understanding the potential engineering application of castor oil.

scholarly journals High Temperature Anti-Friction Behaviors of a-Si:H Films and Counterface Material Selection

Coatings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 450
Author(s):  
Qunfeng Zeng ◽  
Liguo Qin
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Material Selection ◽  
Friction Pair ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Low Friction ◽  
Friction Mechanism ◽  
Temperature Oxidation ◽  
Friction Process ◽  
Hydrogenated Amorphous

In the present paper, the influence of self-mated friction materials on the tribological properties of hydrogenated amorphous silicon films (a-Si:H films) is studied systemically at high temperature. The results are obtained by comparing the tribological properties of a-Si:H films under different friction pair materials and temperatures. The a-Si:H films exhibit super-low friction of 0.07 at a temperature of 600 °C, and ceramic materials are appropriate for anti-friction behaviors of a-Si:H films at high temperature. The results of tribotests and observations of the fundamental friction mechanism show that super-low friction of a-Si:H films and ceramic materials of the friction system are involved in high temperature oxidation; this also applies to the tribochemical reactions of a-Si:H films, steel and iron silicate in open air at elevated temperature in the friction process.

Modification of working conditions for a friction pair with an additive added to engine oil during operation

2014 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 560-567
Author(s):  
Alicja Laber
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Surface Layer ◽  
Friction Force ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Friction Pair ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Friction Process ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Increasing Load ◽  
Wear Index

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present the results of research into using an additive to SAE 15W/40 engine oil during operation and its influence on lubricating properties (normalised tests) on weld point Pz, non-seizure load Pn, load wear index Ih and on seizure load Pt. The friction pair consisted of a group of four balls and the tested lubricant. Moreover, the author tested the influence of an additive to engine oil (non-normalised tests) on tribological properties, including friction force, wear and the temperature of friction area for the C45 steel/210Cr12 steel friction joint. She also determined the influence of an additive to engine oil on the formation of the operating surface layer. The research results helped to build the model of the boundary layer that was formed as a result of adding an additive to engine oil. Design/methodology/approach – The lubricant properties of engine oil and engine oil to which an additive was added during operation were determined according to PN-76/C-04147. The following are the indexes of lubricant properties: weld point Pz, load wear index Ih, non-seizure load Pn, seizure load and average scar diameter. The Pz, Pn and Ih indexes were determined at abruptly increasing load to the moment of welding of the friction pair. The Pt index was determined at the increasing load of the friction pair from 0 to 800 daN at the speed of 408.8 N/s. The tests of tribological properties (friction force, wear and the temperature of friction area) were conducted for the C45/210 Cr12 friction pair in the presence of a lubricant and a lubricant with an additive. Findings – The modification of SAE 15W/40 engine oil with the additive added during operation resulted in improved indexes of lubricant properties Pz, Pn, Ih and Pt and average scar diameter. The boundary layer for the modified oil breaks after a longer time and at lesser friction force. The modification of the engine oil reduced the wear of the friction pair. After the friction process, element composition in the surface layer of the wear trace and its distribution were determined in relation to applied lubricants. A significant amount of sulphur, phosphorus and oxygen, as well as an insignificant amount of copper, was observed in the wear trace after the friction process in the presence of the lubricant medium. The distribution of elements in the wear trace when the engine oil with the additive was used is steady in the wear trace and outside it. Some sulphur, phosphorus and chlorine were found in the wear trace. Originality/value – The results of tests on tribological properties (non-normalised tests) confirmed the positive affect of the additive to engine oil on lubricant properties (normalised tests). The modification of the engine oil caused reduced friction force and the reduced wear of the friction pair. The reduction of friction force and wear was the result of the formation of the surface of a greater amplitude density of unevenness tops in the friction process. Moreover, the operating surface layer, created in the friction process when the additive was added to the engine oil, had greater load participation at 50 per cent C. This operational surface layer improved tribological properties, i.e. it reduced value of friction force and wear. The test results were used to build a model of the boundary layer created as a result of the additive added to engine oil.

Effect of Chemical Exploitation Preparation on the Tribological Properties of CuSn10 Bronze within the Friction Process

2015 ◽  
Vol 809-810 ◽  
pp. 1055-1060 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Adamczuk ◽  
Stanislaw Legutko ◽  
Grzegorz M. Krolczyk ◽  
Radoslaw W. Maruda
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Surface Friction ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Kinematic Pair ◽  
Friction Zone ◽  
Friction Process ◽  
First Order ◽  
Two Stages

The paper presents results of tribological properties of the kinematic pair: X210Cr12 steel / CuSn10 bronze, lubricated within the friction process by engine oil SAE 20W/40, and by the same lubricant modified by chemical exploitation preparation. Research of tribological properties were carried out using the tester T-05 (type tester roll - block). Tests have been carried out in two stages. In the first order - friction force, wear of the kinematic pair and the temperature of the friction area have been determined. The objective of the second phase was to micro roentgen spectral analysis of the surface friction zone. On the basis of these studies, the analysis of the elemental composition of the surface layer in the track wear have been made. The modification purposefulness of lubricant SAE 20W/40 by chemical exploitation preparation has been shown.

scholarly journals Analysis and Comparative Assessment of Basic Tribological Properties of Selected Polymer Composites

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerzy Jozwik ◽  
Krzysztof Dziedzic ◽  
Marcin Barszcz ◽  
Mykhaylo Pashechko
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Composites ◽  
Friction Force ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Friction Pair ◽  
Computer Software ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Cast Polyamide ◽  
Friction Path ◽  
Materials Used

Phenomena occurring in the contact area between two mating bodies are characterised by high complexity and variability. Comparisons are usually made between parameters such as the coefficient of friction, friction force, wear and temperature in relation to time and friction path. Their correct measurement enables the proper evaluation of tribological properties of materials used in the friction pair. This paper concerns the measurements of basic tribological parameters in the friction of selected polymer composites. Knowing the tribological properties of these composite materials, it will be possible to create proper operating conditions for kinematic friction pairs. This study investigated the coefficients of friction, friction force and temperatures of six polymer composites: cast polyamide PA6 G with oil, PA6 G with MoS2, polyoxymethylene POM with aluminium, polyethylene terephthalate PET with polytetrafluoroethylene PTFE, PTFE with bronze, and PTFE with graphite. The friction surface was also examined using an optical system and computer software for 3D measurements. As a result, PA6-G with oil was found to be the best choice as a composite material for thin sliding coatings.

Effect of Thermal Distortion on Wear of Composites

1995 ◽  
Vol 117 (4) ◽  
pp. 622-628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shingo Obara ◽  
Takahisa Kato
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Deformation ◽  
Composite Structure ◽  
Frictional Heating ◽  
Tetragonal Zirconia ◽  
Surface Profile ◽  
Normal Pressure ◽  
Oxide Ceramic ◽  
Thermal Distortion ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Worn Surface

The worn surface profile of a composite structure was experimentally and numerically investigated focusing on the effects of sliding conditions. Wear tests on composites made of an oxide ceramic and an amorphous metal against a tetragonal zirconia polycrystals-alumina were carried out under various mean contact pressures, P, and sliding velocities, V. The test results showed that the worn surface profiles of the composites changed with the PV value. A new numerical method for simulating the worn surface profile of a composite structure has been developed. The present method is based upon the assumption that the profile of a worn surface is changed by thermal distortion of the sliding bodies due to frictional heating and by elastic deformation due to normal pressure and friction traction. The calculated results were compared with the test results, and the comparison showed that the elastic deformation plays an important role in forming the worn surface profile and that the effect of thermal distortion becomes remarkable with an increase in PV values. The numerical results clarified the contribution of the thermal distortion to the change in the worn surface profile of the composite.

Tribological Properties of PTFE Nanocomposites Filled with Alumina Nanoparticles

2012 ◽  
Vol 557-559 ◽  
pp. 534-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Ping Niu ◽  
Sa Li ◽  
Jun Kai Zhang ◽  
Li Hua Cai ◽  
Yong Zhen Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Alumina Nanoparticles ◽  
Test Rig ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Worn Surfaces

Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) nanocomposites filled with alumina nanoparticles were prepared by compression molding and follow-up sintering. The tribological behaviors of PTFE nanocomposites sliding against GCr15 steel were evaluated using ball-on-disk tribology test rig. The worn surfaces of the unfilled and filled PTFE nanocomposite were investigated using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The wear behavior of the PTFE nanocomposites was explained in terms of the topography of worn surfaces. It was found that the addition of alumina nanoparticles was effective in enhancing the wear resistance of the PTFE nanocomposite.

Thermal Correlation Assessment of the Resource of Interfaces with Solid Lubricating Coatings Based On Mos2 Applied by Magnetron and Other Methods, for Vacuum Conditions

2021 ◽  
pp. 72-80
Author(s):  
P.N. Khopin ◽  
V.V. Grib
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Friction Pair ◽  
Surface Friction ◽  
Friction Temperature ◽  
Thermal Correlation

The analysis of tribotechnical parameters of interfaces with solid lubricating coatings based on MoS2, applied by different methods, was carried out according to the results of tests in vacuum. The surface friction temperature is calculated on the basis of the performed assessment of the load-speed characteristics of these interfaces. Based on the results of tribovacuum tests, the thermocorrelation dependence of the resource of a friction pair with solid lubricating coatings MoS2, applied by vacuum (magnetron and high-frequency) and suspension methods, on the surface friction temperature of the interface was determined. On the basis of this dependence, a method for calculating the resource of the studied tribointerfaces is proposed.

INFLUENCE OF THE DYNAMICS OF FORCED MOTION ON THE STATIC FRICTION IN METAL-POLYMER SLIDING PAIRS

Tribologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 295 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
Mariusz Opałka ◽  
Wojciech Wieleba ◽  
Angelika Radzińska
Keyword(s):  
Relative Motion ◽  
Friction Pair ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Static Friction ◽  
Metallic Materials ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Friction Resistance ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Polymer Metal ◽  
Metal Polymer

The resistance during the frictional interaction of polymeric materials with metallic materials is characterized by a significant dependence on the dynamics of the motion inputs. In a metal-polymer friction pair, the static friction resistance during standstill under load depends on the rate of growth of the force causing the relative motion. Tribological tests of selected (polymer-metal) sliding pairs were carried out. The selected polymers were polyurethane (TPU), polysulfone (PSU), and silicone rubber (SI). They interacted with a pin made of normalized C45 steel under unitary pressure p = 0.5 MPa in dry friction conditions at different gradients of the force driving the relative motion (dF/dt = 0.1-20 [N/s]). The static friction coefficient of the selected sliding pairs was determined on the basis of the recorded static friction force values. The test results show a significant influence of the rate of increase in the motion driving force on the values of static friction resistance. This is mainly due to the viscoelastic properties of polymers.

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