Platform Approaches in Manufacturing: Considering Integration With Product Platforms

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcel T. Michaelis ◽  
Hans Johannesson
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Systems ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Solution Space ◽  
Product Platforms ◽  
Modular Concept ◽  
Body In White ◽  
Standard Solution ◽  
Straightforward Solution ◽  
Manufacturing Technologies ◽  
High Degree

Given the latest progress in research and technology, achieving the seamless co-development of products and manufacturing systems seems rather undemanding. While a straightforward solution to this challenge is not in fact in sight, numerous ideas exist and are being pursued, both in industry and academia. One of these is to base the development of products and manufacturing systems on strategically specified and pre-defined platforms that limit the solution space in a well-defined manner while allocating desired flexibility. This paper identifies different paradigms for the joint development of products and manufacturing systems. Specifically, it looks at a platform concept originating from manufacturing rather than product design. A real-life industrial example of a robotized manufacturing station from the automotive industry illustrates a transition towards the closer integration of design and manufacturing. In this example, the existing dedicated welding station is contrasted with a modular, configurable station that can accommodate new products and different manufacturing technologies. Differences in flexibility and complexity between these two manufacturing stations are brought to light by modeling the rationale of their designs. From this process, conclusions are drawn regarding the different conditions for co-development with the two manufacturing stations. The modular concept imposes new restrictions. However, with its high degree of configurability, it can be a standard solution for the robotized manufacture of body-in-white sub-assemblies.

The economic analysis of rationality in the tradition of Harvey Leibenstein

2020 ◽  
pp. 21-38
Author(s):  
Ivan V. Rozmainsky ◽  
Yulia I. Pashentseva
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Informal Institutions ◽  
External Information ◽  
Urban Residents ◽  
The Future ◽  
Information Constraints ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Market Capitalism

The paper is devoted to the economic analysis of rationality in the tradition of Harvey Leibenstein: the authors perceive rationality as “calculatedness” when making decisions, while the degree of this “calculatedness” is interpreted as a variable. Thus, this approach does not correspond to the generally accepted neoclassical interpretation of rationality, according to which rationality is both full and constant. The authors believe that such a neoclassical approach makes too stringent requirements for the abilities of people. In real life, people do not behave like calculating machines. The paper discusses various factors limiting the degree of rationality of individuals. One group of factors is associated with external information constraints such as the complexity and extensiveness of information, as well as the uncertainty of the future. Another group of factors is related to informal institutions. In particular, the paper states that the system of planned socialism contributes to less rationality than the system of market capitalism. Thus, in the post-socialist countries, including contemporary Russia, one should not expect a high degree of rationality of the behavior of economic entities. The paper mentions, in particular, the factors of rationality caused by informal institutions, such as the propensity to calculate, the propensity to be independent when making decisions and the propensity to set goals. The authors also believe that people who live on their own are usually more rational than people who share a common household with someone else. This assumption is verified econometrically based on data on young urban residents collected by the authors. It turned out that the behavior of people included in this database, in general, corresponds to what the authors believed.

scholarly journals MODEL-BASED DESIGN OF AM COMPONENTS TO ENABLE DECENTRALIZED DIGITAL MANUFACTURING SYSTEMS

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 2127-2136
Author(s):  
Olivia Borgue ◽  
John Stavridis ◽  
Tomas Vannucci ◽  
Panagiotis Stavropoulos ◽  
Harry Bikas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Manufacturing Systems ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Data Generation ◽  
Production Networks ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Manufacturing Technologies ◽  
Am Processes ◽  
Final Consumer

AbstractAdditive manufacturing (AM) is a versatile technology that could add flexibility in manufacturing processes, whether implemented alone or along other technologies. This technology enables on-demand production and decentralized production networks, as production facilities can be located around the world to manufacture products closer to the final consumer (decentralized manufacturing). However, the wide adoption of additive manufacturing technologies is hindered by the lack of experience on its implementation, the lack of repeatability among different manufacturers and a lack of integrated production systems. The later, hinders the traceability and quality assurance of printed components and limits the understanding and data generation of the AM processes and parameters. In this article, a design strategy is proposed to integrate the different phases of the development process into a model-based design platform for decentralized manufacturing. This platform is aimed at facilitating data traceability and product repeatability among different AM machines. The strategy is illustrated with a case study where a car steering knuckle is manufactured in three different facilities in Sweden and Italy.

AN EFFICIENT APPROACH FOR THE THREE-DIMENSIONAL CONTAINER PACKING PROBLEM WITH PRACTICAL CONSTRAINTS

2004 ◽  
Vol 21 (03) ◽  
pp. 279-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
ZHIHONG JIN ◽  
KATSUHISA OHNO ◽  
JIALI DU
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Packing Problem ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
Benchmark Problems ◽  
Rectangular Container ◽  
Efficient Packing ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Practical Constraints ◽  
Inherent Stability

This paper deals with the three-dimensional container packing problem (3DCPP), which is to pack a number of items orthogonally onto a rectangular container so that the utilization rate of the container space or the total value of loaded items is maximized. Besides the above objectives, some other practical constraints, such as loading stability, the rotation of items around the height axis, and the fixed loading (unloading) orders, must be considered for the real-life 3DCPP. In this paper, a sub-volume based simulated annealing meta-heuristic algorithm is proposed, which aims at generating flexible and efficient packing patterns and providing a high degree of inherent stability at the same time. Computational experiments on benchmark problems show its efficiency.

scholarly journals Studies on the Decrease Mechanisms of Typical Complex Networks

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuhu Qiu ◽  
Tianyang Lyu ◽  
Xizhe Zhang ◽  
Ruozhou Wang
Keyword(s):  
Average Length ◽  
Shortest Paths ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Network Models ◽  
Small World ◽  
Clustering Coefficient ◽  
Network Growth ◽  
Scale Free ◽  
Complex Network Models ◽  
High Degree

Network decrease caused by the removal of nodes is an important evolution process that is paralleled with network growth. However, many complex network models usually lacked a sound decrease mechanism. Thus, they failed to capture how to cope with decreases in real life. The paper proposed decrease mechanisms for three typical types of networks, including the ER networks, the WS small-world networks and the BA scale-free networks. The proposed mechanisms maintained their key features in continuous and independent decrease processes, such as the random connections of ER networks, the long-range connections based on nearest-coupled network of WS networks and the tendency connections and the scale-free feature of BA networks. Experimental results showed that these mechanisms also maintained other topology characteristics including the degree distribution, clustering coefficient, average length of shortest-paths and diameter during decreases. Our studies also showed that it was quite difficult to find an efficient decrease mechanism for BA networks to withstand the continuous attacks at the high-degree nodes, because of the unequal status of nodes.

Genetic Algorithm Applications to Optimization Modeling

2011 ◽  
pp. 748-754 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pi-Sheng Deng
Keyword(s):  
Portfolio Management ◽  
Manufacturing Systems ◽  
Job Shop ◽  
Solution Space ◽  
Function Optimization ◽  
Hill Climbing ◽  
Local Optima ◽  
Dynamic Memory ◽  
Promising Area ◽  
Improved Performance

Genetic algorithms (GAs) are stochastic search techniques based on the concepts of natural population genetics for exploring a huge solution space in identifying optimal or near optimal solutions (Davis, 1991)(Holland, 1992)(Reeves & Rowe, 2003), and are more likely able to avoid the local optima problem than traditional gradient based hill-climbing optimization techniques when solving complex problems. In essence, GAs are a type of reinforcement learning technique (Grefenstette, 1993), which are able to improve solutions gradually on the basis of the previous solutions. GAs are characterized by their abilities to combine candidate solutions to exploit efficiently a promising area in the solution space while stochastically exploring new search regions with expected improved performance. Many successful applications of this technique are frequently reported across various kinds of industries and businesses, including function optimization (Ballester & Carter, 2004)(Richter & Paxton, 2005), financial risk and portfolio management (Shin & Han, 1999), market trading (Kean, 1995), machine vision and pattern recognition (Vafaie & De Jong, 1998), document retrieval (Gordon, 1988), network topological design (Pierre & Legault, 1998)(Arabas & Kozdrowski, 2001), job shop scheduling (Özdamar, 1999), and optimization for operating system’s dynamic memory configuration (Del Rosso, 2006), among others. In this research we introduce the concept and components of GAs, and then apply the GA technique to the modeling of the batch selection problem of flexible manufacturing systems (FMSs). The model developed in this paper serves as the basis for the experiment in Deng (2007).

Possibilities of Use of Virtual Reality in the Field of Manufacturing Systems

2012 ◽  
Vol 186 ◽  
pp. 188-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Koukolová ◽  
Mikuláš Hajduk ◽  
Andrej Belovezcik
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Manufacturing Systems ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Industrial Robots ◽  
Modular System ◽  
Work Team ◽  
Flexible System ◽  
Teaching Aids ◽  
And Performance

The paper presents the structure and performance of the system created by a work team at Department of Production Systems and Robotics at Technical University of Kosice. System MSEVR – „ Modular system for experimentation in virtual reality“ is universal flexible system created for teaching automated and robotic systems by means of new advanced teaching aids, including virtual reality. It has been created as a specialized website and its possibilities are varied. Particular use depends on creativity of a user. Built-in tools enable to use it adequately when teaching construction of industrial robots, to present their kinematic structure or other properties of individual machines. It also enables to work with machine aggregate. In real-life working the system has been tested for optimization of process layout where the full advantages of virtual reality were taken.

scholarly journals The Electronically Activated Recorder (EAR)

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias R. Mehl
Keyword(s):  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Mobile Sensing ◽  
Daily Behavior ◽  
Observation Method ◽  
Ecological Momentary ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Audio Recorder ◽  
Momentary Assessment

This article reviews the Electronically Activated Recorder (EAR) as an ambulatory ecological momentary assessment tool for the real-world observation of daily behavior. Technically, the EAR is an audio recorder that intermittently records snippets of ambient sounds while participants go about their lives. Conceptually, it is a naturalistic observation method that yields an acoustic log of a person’s day as it unfolds. The power of the EAR lies in unobtrusively collecting authentic real-life observational data. In preserving a high degree of naturalism at the level of the raw recordings, it resembles ethnographic methods; through its sampling and coding, it enables larger empirical studies. This article provides an overview of the EAR method; reviews its validity, utility, and limitations; and discusses it in the context of current developments in ambulatory assessment, specifically the emerging field of mobile sensing.

Implementing the Transformation of Discrete Part Manufacturing Systems Into Smart Manufacturing Platforms

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhaskar Botcha ◽  
Zimo Wang ◽  
Sudarshan Rajan ◽  
Natarajan Gautam ◽  
Satish T. S. Bukkapatnam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Manufacturing Systems ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
Smart Manufacturing ◽  
Shop Floor ◽  
Workflow System ◽  
Manufacturing Technologies ◽  
Discrete Part

Prior R&D efforts point to substantial performance enhancements and energy savings from adopting the Smart Manufacturing (SM) paradigm for process optimization and real-time quality assurance. Significant barriers and risks disincentivize the industry from investing in the adoption and training of SM component suites for discrete manufacturing applications. A diverse discrete part manufacturing enterprises, SM tools and platform vendors are yearning for a testbed reconfigurable to achieve three objectives of performance benchmarking, demonstration, and workforce training for a spectrum of their industrial scenarios and workflows. This paper presents the key ingredients towards the successful transformation of present machine tool and manufacturing environments into SM platform-integrated environments. The present implementation focuses on demonstration of the use of the Smart Manufacturing (SM) platform towards qualification of advanced materials and manufacturing technologies to meet an industry-specified functionality. This initial implementation uses Kepler workflow system residing as part of an Amazon Web Services environment to allow flexible workflows on multiple machines, each of which is integrated with an innovative sensor wrapper that integrates Commercial Off The Shelf (COTS) components from National Instruments (NI) to connect a legacy equipment to the SM platform. Here, an advanced analytics engine with modules customizable for both high-performance computing and shop floor environments was integrated into the commercial web service (from Amazon) to provide real-time monitoring and anomaly detection capability. This implementation indicates the potential of SM platform to achieve drastic reductions in the time and effort taken towards qualification of advanced materials and manufacturing technologies.

scholarly journals Automated Multi-Sensor 3D Reconstruction for the Web

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arttu Julin ◽  
Kaisa Jaalama ◽  
Juho-Pekka Virtanen ◽  
Mikko Maksimainen ◽  
Matti Kurkela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Real Life ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Life Project ◽  
Close Range ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Web ◽  
3D Content

The Internet has become a major dissemination and sharing platform for 3D content. The utilization of 3D measurement methods can drastically increase the production efficiency of 3D content in an increasing number of use cases where 3D documentation of real-life objects or environments is required. We demonstrated a developed, highly automated and integrated content creation process of providing reality-based photorealistic 3D models for the web. Close-range photogrammetry, terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) and their combination are compared using available state-of-the-art tools in a real-life project setting with real-life limitations. Integrating photogrammetry and TLS is a good compromise for both geometric and texture quality. Compared to approaches using only photogrammetry or TLS, it is slower and more resource-heavy but combines complementary advantages of each method, such as direct scale determination from TLS or superior image quality typically used in photogrammetry. The integration is not only beneficial, but clearly productionally possible using available state-of-the-art tools that have become increasingly available also for non-expert users. Despite the high degree of automation, some manual editing steps are still required in practice to achieve satisfactory results in terms of adequate visual quality. This is mainly due to the current limitations of WebGL technology.

scholarly journals Blockchain Reference System Architecture Description for the ISA95 Compliant Traditional and Smart Manufacturing Systems

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (22) ◽  
pp. 6456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erkan Yalcinkaya ◽  
Antonio Maffei ◽  
Mauro Onori
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Systems ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Research Effort ◽  
Smart Manufacturing ◽  
Reference Architecture ◽  
Systematic Assessment ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Design Requirements ◽  
Manufacturing Technologies ◽  
Smart Manufacturing Systems

The next-generation technologies enabled by the industry 4.0 revolution put immense pressure on traditional ISA95 compliant manufacturing systems to evolve into smart manufacturing systems. Unfortunately, the transformation of old to new manufacturing technologies is a slow process. Therefore, the manufacturing industry is currently in a situation that the legacy and modern manufacturing systems share the same factory environment. This heterogeneous ecosystem leads to challenges in systems scalability, interoperability, information security, and data quality domains. Our former research effort concluded that blockchain technology has promising features to address these challenges. Moreover, our systematic assessment revealed that most of the ISA95 enterprise functions are suitable for applying blockchain technology. However, no blockchain reference architecture explicitly focuses on the ISA95 compliant traditional and smart manufacturing systems available in the literature. This research aims to fill the gap by first methodically specifying the design requirements and then meticulously elaborating on how the reference architecture components fulfill the design requirements.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document