scholarly journals Effect of an Added Mass On the Vibration Characteristics for Raster Scanning of a Cantilevered Optical Fiber

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelli Kiekens ◽  
David Vega ◽  
Harrison Thurgood ◽  
Dominique Galvez ◽  
Davis McGregor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Resonant Frequency ◽  
Optical Fibers ◽  
Added Mass ◽  
Measured Data ◽  
Intermediate Mass ◽  
Resonant Frequencies ◽  
Raster Scanning ◽  
Cantilevered Beam

Abstract Piezoelectric tube actuators with cantilevered optical fibers have enabled the miniaturization of scanning image acquisition techniques for endoscopic implementation. To achieve raster scanning for such a miniaturized system, the first resonant frequency should be on the order of 10's of Hz. We explore adding a mass at an intermediate location along the length of the fiber to alter the resonant frequencies of the system. We provide a mathematical model to predict resonant frequencies for a cantilevered beam with an intermediate mass. The theoretical and measured data match well for various fiber lengths, mass sizes, and mass attachment locations along the fiber.

On the Relationship Between Added Mass and Added Damping

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. G. D. Goyder
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Strong Dependence ◽  
Fluid Pressure ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Added Mass ◽  
Measured Data ◽  
Interesting Consequence ◽  
Phase Angles ◽  
The Relationship

A surprising relationship exists between the amplitude and phase of a vibrating system. For an item vibrating in a fluid flow the phase of the fluid pressure (relative to the motion of the structure) can be deduced from the amplitude of the pressure. This strong dependence of the phase on the amplitude provides a means for checking the correctness of measured data and severely constrains the form that a mathematical model can take. The relationship between amplitude and phase is completely general and the paper gives various examples from theoretical models and experimental data. One interesting consequence of this relationship follows from the observation that phase angles only exist because of damping. Hence damping, due to the fluid, is linked to added mass.

scholarly journals A pre-relaxed FBG accelerometer using transverse forces with high sensitivity and improved resonant frequency

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Yuqing Li ◽  
Kuo Li ◽  
Guoyong Liu ◽  
Juan Tian ◽  
Yanchun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Resonant Frequency ◽  
Fiber Bragg Grating ◽  
Optical Fibers ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Bragg Grating ◽  
Axial Forces ◽  
Fiber Technology ◽  
Cross Axis ◽  
Applied Optics

Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) accelerometers using transverse forces have higher sensitivity but lower resonant frequency than ones using axial forces. By shortening the distance between the two fixed ends of the FBG, the resonant frequency can be improved without lowing the sensitivity. Here, a compact FBG accelerometer using transverse forces with a slightly pre-relaxed FBG and 25mm distance between the two fixed ends has been demonstrated with the crest-to-trough sensitivity 1.1nm/g at 5Hz and the resonant frequency 42Hz. It reveals that making the FBG slightly pre-relaxed rather than pre-stretched also improves the tradeoff between the sensitivity and resonant frequency. Full Text: PDF References:Kawasaki, B. S. , Hill, K. O , Johnson, D. C. , & Fujii, Y. , "Narrow-band Bragg reflectors in optical fibers", Optics Letters 3, 66 (1978) [CrossRef]K. O. Hill, and G. Meltz, "Fiber Bragg grating technology fundamentals and overview", Journal of Lightwave Technology 15, 1263 (1997) [CrossRef]B. Lee, "Review of the present status of optical fiber sensors", Optical Fiber Technology, 9, 57-79 (2003) [CrossRef]Laudati, A. , Mennella, F. , Giordano, M. , D"Altrui, G. , Tassini, C. C. , & Cusano, A., "A Fiber-Optic Bragg Grating Seismic Sensor", IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 19, 1991 (2007) [CrossRef]P. F. Costa Antunes, C. A. Marques, H. Varum, and P. S. Andre, "Biaxial Optical Accelerometer and High-Angle Inclinometer With Temperature and Cross-Axis Insensitivity", IEEE Sens. J. 12, 2399 (2012) [CrossRef]Guo, Y. , Zhang, D. , Zhou, Z. , Xiong, L. , & Deng, X., "Welding-packaged accelerometer based on metal-coated FBG", Chinese Optics Letters, 11, 21 (2013). [CrossRef]Zhang, Y. , Zhang, W. , Zhang, Y. , Chen, L. , Yan, T. , & Wang, S. , et al., "2-D Medium–High Frequency Fiber Bragg Gratings Accelerometer", IEEE Sensors Journal, 17, 614(2017) [CrossRef]Xiu-bin Zhu, "A novel FBG velocimeter with wind speed and temperature synchronous measurement", Optoelectronics Letters, 14, 276-279 (2018) [CrossRef]Li, K. , Yau, M. H. , Chan, T. H. T. , Thambiratnam, D., "Fiber Bragg grating strain modulation based on nonlinear string transverse-force amplifier", & Tam, H. Y. , Optics Letters, 38, 311 (2013) [CrossRef]Li, K. , Chan, T. H. T. , Yau, M. H. , Nguyen, T. , Thambiratnam, D. P. , & Tam, H. Y., "Very sensitive fiber Bragg grating accelerometer using transverse forces with an easy over-range protection and low cross axial sensitivity", Applied Optics, 52, 6401 (2013) [CrossRef]Li, K. , Chan, T. H. T. , Yau, M. H. , Thambiratnam, D. P. , & Tam, H. Y., "Biaxial Fiber Bragg Grating Accelerometer Using Axial and Transverse Forces", IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 26, 1549 (2014). [CrossRef]Li, K. , Chan, T. H. , Yau, M. H. , Thambiratnam, D. P. , & Tam, H. Y., "Experimental verification of the modified spring-mass theory of fiber Bragg grating accelerometers using transverse forces", Applied Optics, 53, 1200-1211(2014) [CrossRef]

Detection of Surface Flaw in a Homogeneous Ceramic Product by Resonant Ultrasound

2006 ◽  
Vol 306-308 ◽  
pp. 247-252
Author(s):  
In Young Yang ◽  
Seung Hoon Kim ◽  
Young Nam Kim ◽  
Soon Ho Yang ◽  
Kyung Yun Beak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Resonant Frequency ◽  
Crack Size ◽  
Average Error ◽  
Ceramic Product ◽  
Resonant Ultrasound Spectroscopy ◽  
Resonant Frequencies ◽  
Optical Axes ◽  
Resonant Ultrasound ◽  
Cracked Specimens

This study evaluates cracks in a ceramic ferrule. When an optical fiber is connected to machinery, a ferrule is used to precisely set the optical axes of an optical fiber. A ferrule is a cylinder of 10.5mm in length and 2.5mm in diameter. The crack size of a ferrule can range from 10.40m to 32.35m. An acceptable ferrule must have no cracks. In this paper, we predicted and examined defects by Resonant Ultrasound Spectroscopy (RUS). To verify the data obtained from the experiment, we carried out simulation by explicit finite elements method, and compared the experimental results with simulation results. The average error range is 1~2 percent between the experimental resonant frequency of the acceptable specimens and the simulated FEM resonant frequency. Also, we compared the resonant frequencies of specimens with a crack with those of acceptable specimens. The histogram drawn from these data and the available mode surveyed were used to classify the specimens in the plant as either cracked or non-cracked specimens.

Heating and Burning of Optical Fibers and Cables by Light Scattered from Bubble Train Formed by Optical Fiber Fuse

2012 ◽  
Vol E95.B (8) ◽  
pp. 2638-2641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Makoto YAMADA ◽  
Akisumi TOMOE ◽  
Takahiro KINOSHITA ◽  
Osanori KOYAMA ◽  
Yutaka KATUYAMA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Optical Fibers

scholarly journals Nano- and Micropatterning on Optical Fibers by Bottom-Up Approach: The Importance of Being Ordered

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 3254
Author(s):  
Marco Pisco ◽  
Francesco Galeotti
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Optical Fibers ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Ordered Structures ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Photonic Structures ◽  
Fiber Technology ◽  
Optical Fiber Probes ◽  
Fiber Probes ◽  
Self Assembled

The realization of advanced optical fiber probes demands the integration of materials and structures on optical fibers with micro- and nanoscale definition. Although researchers often choose complex nanofabrication tools to implement their designs, the migration from proof-of-principle devices to mass production lab-on-fiber devices requires the development of sustainable and reliable technology for cost-effective production. To make it possible, continuous efforts are devoted to applying bottom-up nanofabrication based on self-assembly to decorate the optical fiber with highly ordered photonic structures. The main challenges still pertain to “order” attainment and the limited number of implementable geometries. In this review, we try to shed light on the importance of self-assembled ordered patterns for lab-on-fiber technology. After a brief presentation of the light manipulation possibilities concerned with ordered structures, and of the new prospects offered by aperiodically ordered structures, we briefly recall how the bottom-up approach can be applied to create ordered patterns on the optical fiber. Then, we present un-attempted methodologies, which can enlarge the set of achievable structures, and can potentially improve the yielding rate in finely ordered self-assembled optical fiber probes by eliminating undesired defects and increasing the order by post-processing treatments. Finally, we discuss the available tools to quantify the degree of order in the obtained photonic structures, by suggesting the use of key performance figures of merit in order to systematically evaluate to what extent the pattern is really “ordered”. We hope such a collection of articles and discussion herein could inspire new directions and hint at best practices to fully exploit the benefits inherent to self-organization phenomena leading to ordered systems.

Fabrication of Lensed Plastic Optical Fiber Array Using Electrostatic Force

2011 ◽  
Vol 133 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yih-Tun Tseng ◽  
Jhong-Bin Huang ◽  
Che-Hsin Lin ◽  
Chin-Lung Chen ◽  
Wood-Hi Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Optical Fibers ◽  
Electrostatic Force ◽  
Coupling Efficiency ◽  
Numerical Aperture ◽  
Uv Curing ◽  
Power Budget ◽  
Fiber Array ◽  
Plastic Optical Fibers ◽  
Efficient Coupling

The GI (graded-index) POFs (Plastic optical fibers), which has been proven to reach distances as long as 1 km at 1.25 Gb/s has a relatively low numerical aperture . Therefore, the efficient coupling of GI POFs to the light source has become critical to the power budget in the system. Efficient coupling for a POFs system normally involves either a separate lens or the direct formation of the lens at the end of the fiber. Forming the lens-like structure directly on the fiber end is preferred for simplicity of fabrication and packaging, such as polishing and fusion, combine different fibers with the cascaded fiber method and hydroflouride (HF) chemical etching. These approaches are well established, but applicable only to glass. Optical assembly architecture for multichannel fibers and optical devices is critical to optical fiber interconnections. Multichannel fiber-pigtail laser diode (LD) modules have potential for supporting higher data throughput and longer transmission distances. However, to be of practical use, these modules must be more precise. This work proposes and manufactures lensed plastic optical fibers (LPOF) array. This novel manipulation can be utilized to fabricate an aspherical lens on a fiber array after the UV curing of the photo-sensitive polymer; the coupling efficiency (CE) is increased and exceeds 47% between the LD array and the fiber array.

scholarly journals Multiple Light Coupling and Routing via a Microspherical Resonator Integrated in a T-Shaped Optical Fiber Configuration System

Micromachines ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgia Konstantinou ◽  
Karolina Milenko ◽  
Kyriaki Kosma ◽  
Stavros Pissadakis
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Optical Fibers ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Equatorial Region ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Glass Microsphere ◽  
Single Mode Optical Fiber ◽  
Light Coupling ◽  
Fiber Taper ◽  
Optical Fiber Taper

We demonstrate a three-port, light guiding and routing T-shaped configuration based on the combination of whispering gallery modes (WGMs) and micro-structured optical fibers (MOFs). This system includes a single mode optical fiber taper (SOFT), a slightly tapered MOF and a BaTiO3 microsphere for efficient light coupling and routing between these two optical fibers. The BaTiO3 glass microsphere is semi-immersed into one of the hollow capillaries of the MOF taper, while the single mode optical fiber taper is placed perpendicularly to the latter and in contact with the equatorial region of the microsphere. Experimental results are presented for different excitation and reading conditions through the WGM microspherical resonator, namely, through single mode optical fiber taper or the MOF. The experimental results indicate that light coupling between the MOF and the single mode optical fiber taper is facilitated at specific wavelengths, supported by the light localization characteristics of the BaTiO3 glass microsphere, with spectral Q-factors varying between 4.5 × 103 and 6.1 × 103, depending on the port and parity excitation.

Location of Optical Fibers for the Calibration of Incoherent Optical Fiber Bundles for Image Transmission

2009 ◽  
Vol 58 (9) ◽  
pp. 2996-3003 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.R. Fernandez ◽  
J.L. Lazaro ◽  
A. Gardel ◽  
O. Esteban ◽  
A.E. Cano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Optical Fibers ◽  
Image Transmission ◽  
Fiber Bundles
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