Numerical Modeling of Heavy-Oil Recovery Using Electromagnetic Radiation/Hydraulic Fracturing Considering Thermal Expansion Effect

2018 ◽  
Vol 140 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Davletbaev ◽  
L. Kovaleva ◽  
A. Zainulin ◽  
T. Babadagli
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Thermal Expansion ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Production Technology ◽  
Heavy Oil ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Payback Period ◽  
Fourth Stage ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
The Mathematical Model

Production of heavy oil from deep/tight formation using traditional technologies (“cold” production, injection of hot steam, etc.) is ineffective or inapplicable. An alternative is electromagnetic (EM) heating after fracturing. This paper presents the results of a numerical study of heavy oil production from a well with hydraulic fracture under radiofrequency (RF) EM radiation. Two parameters ignored in our previous modeling studies, namely adiabatic effect and the thermal expansion of oil, are considered in the new formulation, while high gradients of pressure/temperature and high temperature occur around the well. The mathematical model calculates the distribution of pressure and temperature in the system of “well-fracture-formation.” The distribution of thermal heat source is given by the Abernetty expression. The mathematical model takes into account the adiabatic effect and the thermal expansion of heavy oil. The latter makes a significant contribution to heavy oil production. Multistage heavy production technology with heating is assumed and several stages are recognized: stage 1: “Cold” heavy oil production, stage 2: RF-EM heating, and stage 3: RF is turned off and “hot” oil production continues until the flow rate reaches its initial (before heating) value. These stages are repeated starting from the second stage. Finally, RF-EM heating technology is compared to “cold” production in terms of additional oil production and economics. When producing with RF-EM heating with power 60 kW (50 days in the second stages), the oil rate increased several times. Repeated RF-EM heating (25 days in the fourth stage) doubled the production rate. Near-well region temperature increased by ∼82 °C in the second stage with RF-EM heating. Temperature increased by ∼87 °C in the fourth stage with repeated RF-EM heating and production cycles. Economic analysis and evaluation of energy balance showed that the multistage production technology is more efficient; i.e., the lower the payback period, the greater the energy balance. With the increase in pressure difference, the payback period and energy balance increased linearly.

Investigation on Silicon-Glass Electrostatic Bonding Time Experiment

2011 ◽  
Vol 483 ◽  
pp. 78-82
Author(s):  
Xiao Wei Liu ◽  
Jia Lu Tang ◽  
Rong Yan Chuai ◽  
Hai Feng Zhang ◽  
Xi Lian Wang
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Thermal Expansion ◽  
Coefficient Of Thermal Expansion ◽  
Bonding Process ◽  
Bonding Time ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Mathematical Model ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Electrostatic Bonding

In this paper, we make a detail analysis of some factors, which affects the electrostatic bonding process. According to the electrical properties of glass, combined with the principle of electrostatic bonding, we analysed the relationship of critical bonding time, voltage and temperature as well as the factors which affect electrostatic bonding. Then we come up with the mathematical model of the intensity and temperature of electrostatic bonding. In accordance with the above-mentioned formula and the experimental data, we can get the following conclusions: the intensity of electrostatic bonding is much greater between 280°C to 370°C; the best temperature for this bonding is about 350°C; however, when the temperature is below 280°C,the intensity of electrostatic bonding is lower due to the great impact of particles under low temperature; but when the temperature is higher than 370°C,the mismatch of coefficient of thermal expansion of silicon and glass gets larger, then as a result, the intensity of this bonding has a significant decrease with the increasing of temperature.

Study of High-Pressure Physical Properties of Marine Heavy Oil

2016 ◽  
Vol 693 ◽  
pp. 411-418
Author(s):  
S.Q. Kang ◽  
Y.P. You ◽  
M.Y. Feng
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Equation Of State ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Bulk Modulus ◽  
Heavy Oil ◽  
Dynamic Viscosity ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Temperature And Pressure ◽  
The Mathematical Model

This paper obtains the formula for calculating fuel dynamic viscosity based on the Barus formula and Eying formula from both macroscopic and microscopic perspectives, studies the mathematical model of fuel bulk modulus changing with temperature and pressure based on equation of state for gases and solids, and computes the fitting formula and correlation coefficients of dynamic viscosity and bulk modulus based on IFO 180 test data. The result indicates that the calculation models for fuel dynamic viscosity and bulk modulus are effective.

A Mathematical Model for Frost Formation on Ground Aircraft

2011 ◽  
Vol 141 ◽  
pp. 147-151
Author(s):  
Li Wen Wang ◽  
Dan Dan Xu ◽  
Zhi Wei Xing
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Balance Equation ◽  
Atmospheric Temperature ◽  
Energy Balance Equation ◽  
Frost Formation ◽  
The Mathematical Model

A mathematical model is developed to describe frost formation on ground aircraft. The mathematical model was based on frost formation physics together with the mass and energy balance equation developed by Mason. It can be used to forecast the frost formation on ground aircraft. Particular attention is paid to the study of the effects of the important factors, such as surface temperature, atmospheric temperature and relative humidity on the frost growth rate over ground aircraft.

Parameters Optimization of Ditcher Chain Transmission System of Multi-Functional Machine

2014 ◽  
Vol 1030-1032 ◽  
pp. 1224-1228
Author(s):  
Yu Lun Chen ◽  
Wei Qiu ◽  
Wei Min Ding ◽  
Yi Nian Li ◽  
Yu Tao Liu
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Production Cost ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Transmission System ◽  
Parameters Optimization ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Chain Transmission ◽  
Original Scheme ◽  
The Mathematical Model

In this paper, the mathematical model based on modern design methods of machinery used to optimize the parameters of the two-stage chain transmission system was established. The optimization toolbox of Matlab was introduced as well. Optimization results showed that, the pitches of first and second-stage chains were 19.05 and 25.4 respectively; compared with the original scheme, transmission ratio of first-stage chain decrease from 2.57 to 1.77, while the second-stage increase from 1.0 to 1.45. The number of chain strands of second-stage chain decreased from 2 to 1. The teeth number of the driven sprocket of the first-stage chain decreased also from 59 to 41. Total weight of the sprockets of the chain transmission system decreased from 25.40 kg to 14.84 kg, at least 41.57% material was saved and not less than 50% production cost was reduced. The optimization method is simple, feasible and the optimized parameters are reliable in practice.

scholarly journals Pork production technology optimization based on mathematical modelling

2019 ◽  
Vol 91 ◽  
pp. 06009
Author(s):  
Nataliya Kulmakova ◽  
Victor Orlov ◽  
Alexander Ivanitskiy ◽  
Nadezhda Sevastyanova ◽  
Sayana Mongush
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Mathematical Modelling ◽  
Production Process ◽  
Production Technology ◽  
Copper Metabolism ◽  
Young Stock ◽  
Pork Production ◽  
Biological Value ◽  
Mineral Supplements ◽  
The Mathematical Model

One of the ways to enhance sow productivity is to use various food supplements to stimulate digestion and uptake of the elements required for the accelerated development of animals. The list of such supplements is expanding every year and, according to experiments conducted, they yield good results. However, their controversial manifestation in the pork production process should be noted. The used supplements clearly affect this process optimality both in terms of the output and financial outlays. This work addresses the influence of protein-vitamin-mineral supplements (PVMS) on sow productivity, metabolism, and pork quality. The mathematical model has been used to substantiate the optimal alternative of the pork production technology for the PVMS under study. Addition of Provimi supplements to the pig diet has been found to enhance litter heaviness, sow milking capacity, the viability of piggery by the time of weaning, and to promote the growth of the young stock. In the bodies of piggery and sows, the use of supplements normalizes cobalt, manganese, and copper metabolism, increases the content of gamma globulins in the piggery serum, and improves pork nutritional and biological value.

scholarly journals Propuesta de optimización de metas del área de mantenimiento mediante programación lineal por metas

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Gustavo HERRERA-SÁNCHEZ ◽  
Alejandro SILVA-JUÁREZ ◽  
José Luis GALLARDO-NAVARRO ◽  
Josué Horacio RÍOS-REYES
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Goal Programming ◽  
Programming Model ◽  
Mathematical Technique ◽  
Strategic Objectives ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Goal Programming Model ◽  
Mathematical Algorithms ◽  
Last Stage ◽  
The Mathematical Model

In any organization all its processes are interrelated to achieve its strategic objectives. The purpose of this study is to propose a goal programming model for the optimization of the objectives of the maintenance area. Linear programming is a mathematical technique that allows the optimization of processes by analysing the variables involved in them through mathematical algorithms. The first stage is the formulation of the mathematical model characterized by the indicators of the maintenance area and the strategic objectives, the second stage is the solution of the mathematical model of goal programming considering different scenarios. The last stage is the validation by experts of the maintenance area before implementing it in the organizations. The expected benefit is that it is a tool for decision making in the maintenance area to consider that your activities can be optimized either to increase your benefits and / or decrease your costs through the technique of goal programming.

Buckling Problems of Structurally-Anisotropic Composite Panels of Aircraft with Influence of Production Technology

2019 ◽  
Vol 971 ◽  
pp. 45-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lubov' Mikhailovna Gavva
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Stressed State ◽  
Computer Program ◽  
Trigonometric Series ◽  
Production Technology ◽  
Critical Force ◽  
Thin Walled ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Mathematical Model

The different approaches were analyzed to investigate the buckling problems of structurally-anisotropic panels made from composite materials. Aircraft composite structure design in the field of production technology is the outlook research trend. New mathematical model relations for the buckling investigation of structurally-anisotropic panels comprising composite materials are presented in this study. The primary scientific novelty of this research is the further development of the theory of thin-walled elastic ribs related to the contact problem for the skin and the rib with an improved rib model. One considers the residual thermal stresses and the preliminary tension of the reinforcing fibers with respect to panel production technology. The mathematical model relations for the pre-critical stressed state investigation of structurally-anisotropic panels made of composite materials are presented. Furthermore, the mathematical model relations for the buckling problem investigation of structurally-anisotropic panels made of composite materials are presented in view of the pre-critical stressed state. The critical force definition of the general bending form of the thin-walled system buckling and the critical force definition of the many-waved torsion buckling are of the most interest in accordance with traditional design practices. In both cases, bending is integral with the plane stress state. Thus, the buckling problem results in the boundary value problem when solving for the eighth order partial derivative equation in the rectangular field. The schematization of the panel as structurally-anisotropic has been proposed as a design model when and the critical forces of total bending form of buckling are determined. For a many-waved torsion buckling study, one should use the generalized functions set. The solution is designed by a double trigonometric series and by unitary trigonometric series. A computer program package is developed using the MATLAB operating environment. The computer program package has been utilized for multi-criteria optimization of the design of structurally-anisotropic aircraft composite panels. The influence of the structure parameters on the level of critical buckling forces for bending and for torsion modes has been analyzed. The results of testing series are presented.

DETERMINATION OF PERFORMANCE INDICATORS OF THE TRUCK KrAZ-6510TE

2020 ◽  
pp. 19-26
Author(s):  
Olexandr Pavlenko ◽  
Serhii Dun ◽  
Maksym Skliar
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Surface Friction ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Maximum Torque ◽  
Military Equipment ◽  
Military Vehicles ◽  
Force Magnitude ◽  
Vehicle Mobility ◽  
The Mathematical Model

In any economy there is a need for the bulky goods transportation which cannot be divided into smaller parts. Such cargoes include building structures, elements of industrial equipment, tracked or wheeled construction and agricultural machinery, heavy armored military vehicles. In any case, tractor-semitrailer should provide fast delivery of goods with minimal fuel consumption. In order to guarantee the goods delivery, tractor-semitrailers must be able to overcome the existing roads broken grade and be capable to tow a semi-trailer in off-road conditions. These properties are especially important for military equipment transportation. The important factor that determines a tractor-semitrailer mobility is its gradeability. The purpose of this work is to improve a tractor-semitrailer mobility with tractor units manufactured at PJSC “AutoKrAZ” by increasing the tractor-semitrailer gradeability. The customer requirements for a new tractor are determined by the maximizing the grade to 18°. The analysis of the characteristics of modern tractor-semitrailers for heavy haulage has shown that the highest rate of this grade is 16.7°. The factors determining the limiting gradeability value were analyzed, based on the tractor-semitrailer with a KrAZ-6510TE tractor and a semi-trailer with a full weight of 80 t. It has been developed a mathematical model to investigate the tractor and semi-trailer axles vertical reactions distribution on the tractor-semitrailer friction performances. The mathematical model has allowed to calculate the gradeability value that the tractor-semitrailer can overcome in case of wheels and road surface friction value and the tractive force magnitude from the engine. The mathematical model adequacy was confirmed by comparing the calculations results with the data of factory tests. The analysis showed that on a dry road the KrAZ-6510TE tractor with a 80 t gross weight semitrailer is capable to climb a gradient of 14,35 ° with its coupling mass full use condition. The engine's maximum torque allows the tractor-semitrailer to overcome a gradient of 10.45° It has been determined the ways to improve the design of the KrAZ-6510TE tractor to increase its gradeability. Keywords: tractor, tractor-semitrailer vehicle mobility, tractor-semitrailer vehicle gradeability.

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