Calculation of the chain drum with elastic fingers of potato harvesting machines

In agricultural machines, chain transmission is widely used, the main advantage of which is a high load capacity. Therefore, in this article, the methodology for calculating chain drives in mechanical drives of agricultural machinery, namely in mechanical drives of potato harvesters, is presented. As a result of experimental and theoretical studies, the availability and safety margin of the selected chain drive of a loosening drum with elastic fingers of a potato harvesting machine was confirmed. In potato-harvesting machines, the movement of the executive working bodies is carried out. Analysis of the design of domestic and foreign potato harvesters showed that it is possible to obtain a good quality of potato harvesting in difficult soil and climatic conditions due to the use of machines of a simpler design with a mesh number of working bodies, but at the same time with their rational layout, the correct choice of transmission drives and ensured optimal modes work. The advantage of these transmissions is their large load capacity and the ability to work under dynamic loads. Therefore, in these investigations, the works are analyzed and the theoretical foundations and methods for calculating the working capacity of the wearable chain and the margin of strength of the chain transmission for dynamic loads are presented. As a result of the experimental theoretical research, the reliability of the working capacity and the strength reserve of the selected chain drive of the drum with elastic pulleys of the potato harvester is supported.

An energy aware scheme for layered chain in underwater wireless sensor networks using genetic algorithm

Extending the network lifetime is a very challenging problem that needs to be taken into account during routing data in wireless sensor networks in general and particularly in underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSN). For this purpose, the present paper proposes a multilayer chain based on genetic algorithm routing (MCGA) for routing data from nodes to the sink. This algorithm consists to create a limited number of local chains constructed by using genetic algorithm in order to obtain the shortest path between nodes; furthermore, a leader node (LN) is elected in each chain followed by constructing a global chain containing LNs. The selection of the LN in the closest chain to the sink is as follows: Initially, the closest node to sink is elected LN in this latter because all nodes have initially the same energy value; then the future selection of the LN is based on the residual energy of the nodes. LNs in the other chains are selected based on the proximity to the previous LNs. Data transmission is performed in two steps: intra-chain transmission and inter-chain transmission. Furthermore, MCGA is simulated for different scenarios of mobility and density of nodes in the networks. The performance evaluation of the proposed technique shows a considerable reduction in terms of energy consumption and network lifespan.

Machine parts. Course design

The textbook discusses the methodology of course design of general-purpose drives with a single-stage gearbox (cylindrical, conical and worm) and a V-belt or chain transmission. The procedure for calculating gears and constructing assembly drawings of gearboxes is shown, the development of specifications using the COMPASS-3D computer-aided design system is described. Examples of the design of drawings of the general type of the drive, assembly drawings of gearboxes and working drawings of parts of various types of gearboxes are given. Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation. It is intended for independent work of students of engineering specialties studying in the bachelor's degree and specialty.

Method for determining the optimal parameters of the chain transmission, taking into account the design of the drive chain

Goal . Develop the design of the drive plate chain and methods for determining the optimal parameters of the chain transmission. Methods. Analysis of the designs of standard drive bushing and roller chains, as well as the drive plate chain with internal engagement. Determination of ways to increase the durability of these chains and chain gears from the condition of ensuring the wear resistance of their hinges and increasing their technical and economic indicators. Results . The analysis of designs of standard drive bushing-roller chains and drive plate chains with internal gearing is performed. A promising design of the drive plate chain has been developed. The optimization of transmission parameters, both with standard chains, and with the chain proposed by the authors, providing an increase in their durability and efficiency. In this regard, a method has been developed for determining the greatest elongation of standard chain links, as well as the chain developed by the authors, from the condition of wear resistance of their hinges. A method for determining the optimal transmission ratio of these chain gears has also been developed. It is established that the gear ratio of the transmission with the drive plate chain developed by the authors is determined primarily by the accuracy of manufacturing its hinges. With sufficiently precise manufacturing of chain hinge parts, the gear ratio can be significantly increased, up to u=10 and higher. This will allow you to use gears equipped with this chain in drives with a large gear ratio.

TELEMEDICINE AS AN EFFORT TO IMPROVE PUBLIC KNOWLEDGE TO FIGHT COVID-19 PANDEMIC

The role of the community is an essential part to cut down the COVID-19 chain transmission, a current world pandemic. Knowledge determines a person's healthy behavior that can prevent transmission of COVID-19. This research’s goal is to analyze the effect of health promotion via telemedicine on increasing knowledge about COVID-19 prevention in the productive-age population in Indonesia. This study used one group pretest-posttest design and accidental sampling method involving 146 respondents based on the inclusion criteria. The data collection method was carried out by using a questionnaire containing simple and general questions related to COVID-19 that tested subjects before and after telemedicine health promotion. Based on the assessment of the questionnaire through pretest and posttest, there was an increase in the average knowledge after being given health education with telemedicine with p<0.001 (CI 95%). This study shows that telemedicine could significantly increase average knowledge about COVID-19 prevention in the productive-age population in Indonesia.

Improving the Autonomy of a Mid-Drive Motor Electric Bicycle Based on System Efficiency Maps and Its Performance

Around the world, the e-bike has evolved from a recreational and sports object to an increasingly used means of transportation. Due to this, improving aspects such as range and energy efficiency has become very relevant. This article presents experimental models for the components’ efficiency of a mid-drive motor e-bike (charger; battery; and controller, motor, and reduction gears subsystem), and integrates them with previously elaborated models for the chain transmission system, thus generating an overall efficiency map of the e-bike. The range of the electric bicycle is analyzed by integrating the efficiency map of the system and its performance mathematical model, aiming to determine the per unit of distance battery energy consumption. The above-mentioned calculations are applied to develop a management strategy that can determine the optimal assistance level and chain transmission ratio, maximizing range and leaving speed unaffected. The driving strategy was compared against other driving techniques using computational analysis, this allowed for the observation of the proposed strategy improving the system’s range by reducing the battery energy consumption.

Power analysis of chain transmission with gear chain and involute sprockets

Introduction. The power analysis of a chain transmission with a toothed chain and involute sprockets considers the centrifugal forces and the friction coefficients between the plate and the sprocket tooth. The work objectives are to determine all meshing forces, and to calculate the coupling coefficient of the gear chain with the involute sprocket in the drive gears.Materials and Methods. When evaluating the traction capacity of a chain transmission, such parameters as the power analysis and the coupling coefficient of the gear chain with the sprocket are important (it shows what fold the pressure on a given tooth is greater than the pressure perceived by the tooth in front). In the presented paper, the following diagrams are visualized: the arrangement of the plates in gearing with the involute sprocket teeth and the meshing forces. The factors that affect the involute profile of the sprocket tooth are considered. This includes the weight of the chain plate package and the force: centrifugal, friction, normal pressure and tension. At the same time, changes in the coupling coefficient for the subsequent teeth involved in traction are taken into account. The balance of the links i and i+ 1 of the gear chain is studied in the coordinate system XOY with the center on the axis of rotation of the involute sprocket. The method enables to determine all the desired forces through the geometric calculation of the values of the angular transmission parameters. Using the equations obtained, the following parameters are specified: the coupling coefficient Bi, the tension of the driving branch S1 and the slack branch S2.Results. A patented transmission stand with a gear chain and involute sprockets is presented. The tests carried out on itvalidated the study results of a chain transmission with a toothed gear and involute sprockets with the specified parameters. The correctness of the power analysis of the transmission with account for the centrifugal forces and the friction coefficients of the plates and the sprocket teeth was proved.Discussion and Conclusions. It is noted that the centrifugal forces and the friction coefficients during engagement affect significantly the traction capacity of a transmission with a toothed chain and involute sprockets. The data obtained can be used to accurately estimate the traction capacity of such gears.

A time-delay COVID-19 propagation model considering supply chain transmission and hierarchical quarantine rate

In this manuscript, we investigate a novel Susceptible–Exposed–Infected–Quarantined–Recovered (SEIQR) COVID-19 propagation model with two delays, and we also consider supply chain transmission and hierarchical quarantine rate in this model. Firstly, we analyze the existence of an equilibrium, including a virus-free equilibrium and a virus-existence equilibrium. Then local stability and the occurrence of Hopf bifurcation have been researched by thinking of time delay as the bifurcation parameter. Besides, we calculate direction and stability of the Hopf bifurcation. Finally, we carry out some numerical simulations to prove the validity of theoretical results.

CALCULATION OF THE CHAIN DRIVE OF A MECHANIZED CHAMBER-CHAIN DRYING PLANT FOR DRYING MELON FRUITS

The article deals with the calculation of the drive and chain transmission of the newly created mechanized drying plant for drying melon slices. The essence of the utility model: the machine contains a horizontal tunnel chamber, inside which is mounted a chain conveyor with driving and driven sprockets, load-carrying elements, the IR emitters with reflectors on top of the camera mounted electric air heater, fan, an annular heat exchanger equipped with inlet and outlet nozzles of the drying agent. On the branches of the conveyor chain, lodgments with folding clamps are mounted, on which load-bearing elements are fixed, which are used as wooden poles. The calculation of the drive and chain transmission of the drying plant conveyor was carried out according to the existing method according to the scheme shown in the figure. Thus, the main parameters of the drive and chain transmission parts of the mechanized chamber-chain drying plant for drying melon fruits were determined by calculation