A Comparison of Techniques to Measure the Wear Flat Area of Conventional and Superabrasive Grinding Wheels

2015 ◽  
Vol 137 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Puerto ◽  
Benjamin Kirsch ◽  
Jon Madariaga ◽  
Raúl Fernández ◽  
Jan C. Aurich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grinding Process ◽  
Grinding Wheels ◽  
Wheel Wear ◽  
Flat Area ◽  
Abrasive Grains ◽  
Measuring Techniques ◽  
Part Surface ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Comparison Of Techniques ◽  
Scanning Electron

Wear of abrasive grains is one of the key issues influencing the grinding process and the resulting workpiece quality. Being able to quantify wheel wear in-process allows parameterization of grinding models that can help assuring part surface integrity. However, one of the main problems in measuring wear of abrasive grains is their small size, which makes this task to be not trivial. In this paper, several measuring techniques are compared in order to determine which one offers the best potential to quantify the wear of conventional and superabrasive grinding wheels. The selected techniques include optical macroscopy, optical microscopy, profilometry, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Among other results, direct comparisons of the same exact wear flat area measured with different techniques are shown.

scholarly journals An Original Tribometer to Analyze the Behavior of Abrasive Grains in the Grinding Process

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leire Godino ◽  
Iñigo Pombo ◽  
Jose Antonio Sanchez ◽  
Borja Izquierdo
Keyword(s):  
Wear Mechanisms ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Crystallographic Structure ◽  
Grinding Process ◽  
Grinding Wheels ◽  
Original Design ◽  
Wheel Wear ◽  
Good Tool ◽  
Abrasive Grains

Manufacturing of grinding wheels is continuously adapting to new industrial requirements. New abrasives and new wheel configurations, together with wheel wear control allow for grinding process optimization. However, the wear behavior of the new abrasive materials is not usually studied from a scientific point of view due to the difficulty to control and monitor all the variables affecting the tribochemical wear mechanisms. In this work an original design of pin on disk tribometer is developed in a CNC grinding machine. An Alumina grinding wheel with special characteristics is employed and two types of abrasive are compared: White Fused Alumina (WFA) and Sol-Gel Alumina (SG). The implemented tribometer reaches sliding speeds of between 20 and 30 m/s and real contact pressures up to 190 MPa. The results show that the wear behavior of the abrasive grains is strongly influenced by their crystallographic structure and the tribometer appears to be a very good tool for characterizing the wear mechanisms of grinding wheels, depending on the abrasive grains.

scholarly journals An Original Tribometer to Analyze the Behavior of Abrasive Grains in the Grinding Process

Metals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leire Godino ◽  
Iñigo Pombo ◽  
Jose Sanchez ◽  
Borja Izquierdo
Keyword(s):  
Wear Mechanisms ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Numerical Control ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Crystallographic Structure ◽  
Grinding Process ◽  
Grinding Wheels ◽  
Original Design ◽  
Wheel Wear ◽  
Abrasive Grains

Manufacturing of grinding wheels is continuously adapting to new industrial requirements. New abrasives and new wheel configurations, together with wheel wear control allow for grinding process optimization. However, the wear behavior of the new abrasive materials is not usually studied from a scientific point of view due to the difficulty to control and monitor all the variables affecting the tribochemical wear mechanisms. In this work, an original design of pin-on-disk tribometer is developed in a CNC (Computer Numerical Control) grinding machine. An Alumina grinding wheel with special characteristics is employed and two types of abrasive are compared: White Fused Alumina (WFA) and Sol-Gel Alumina (SG). The implemented tribometer reaches sliding speeds of between 20 and 30 m/s and real contact pressures up to 190 MPa. The results show that the wear behavior of the abrasive grains is strongly influenced by their crystallographic structure and the tribometer appears to be a very good tool for characterizing the wear mechanisms of grinding wheels, depending on the abrasive grains.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF ABRASIVE GRAIN SHAPES ON QUALITY OF FERRITE MAGNETS GRINDING PROCESS

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-124
Author(s):  
Bayu Rahmat Saputro ◽  
Amin Suhadi
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Grinding Process ◽  
Model Design ◽  
Grinding Wheels ◽  
Abrasive Grains ◽  
Abrasive Grain ◽  
Shape And Size

Abstract A research was conducted on the grinding process of ferrite magnet with Strontium ferrite type (SrO.6 (Fe2O3)) using electroplated single layer grinding wheels. Many cracks have been found on work pieces during this work, which is coming from grinding processes. Research is conducted starting from chemical composition test and the effect of the shape and size of the abrasive grain of grinding wheels to the quality of grinding process results by measuring crack ratio of the work piece.  In this experiment, 3 (three) model design of grinding wheels with three different size and shape of abrasive grains are made. All of processing parameters are set at the same value as ordinary process.  The experimental results shown that 3rd model have the best results from the outputs number and also the lowest reject crack ratio compared to 1st and 2nd models. This is because the 3rd model has blocky shape which its distribution structure is denser and more uniform compared to the irregular shape, so that continuous grinding on hard and brittle work pieces is more stable and suitable

ANALYSIS OF WHEEL WEAR USING FORCE DATA IN SURFACE GRINDING

2003 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Warkentin ◽  
Robert Bauer
Keyword(s):  
Mild Steel ◽  
Surface Grinding ◽  
Grinding Process ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Grinding Forces ◽  
Wheel Wear ◽  
Excessive Heat ◽  
Abrasive Grains ◽  
Different Depths ◽  
Force Data

Grinding involves many randomly shaped and distributed abrasive grains removing material from a workpiece. Wheel wear results when these grains dull, fracture or break away. As a result, grinding forces are time-varying. In order to automate and optimize the grinding process an understanding of how forces are generated and change during grinding is critical to avoid workpiece damage, surface finish deterioration, cracking, excessive heat generation, and excessive residue stresses. This paper builds upon the existing grinding literature by studying the relationships between wheel wear and grinding forces for different depths of cut when surface grinding mild steel with an aluminum oxide wheel.

The method of assessment of the grinding wheel cutting ability in the plunge grinding

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Nadolny
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Comparative Assessment ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Grinding Process ◽  
Grinding Wheels ◽  
Plunge Grinding ◽  
Abrasive Grains ◽  
Ceramic Bond ◽  
Method Of Assessment ◽  
Grinding Kinematics

AbstractThis article presents the method of comparative assessment of the grinding wheel cutting ability in the plunge grinding kinematics. A new method has been developed to facilitate multicriterial assessment of the working conditions of the abrasive grains and the bond bridges, as well as the wear mechanisms of the GWAS, which occur during the grinding process, with simultaneous limitation of the workshop tests range. The work hereby describes the methodology of assessment of the grinding wheel cutting ability in a short grinding test that lasts for 3 seconds, for example, with a specially shaped grinding wheel, in plunge grinding. The grinding wheel macrogeometry modification applied in the developed method consists in forming a cone or a few zones of various diameters on its surface in the dressing cut. It presents an exemplary application of two variants of the method in the internal cylindrical plunge grinding, in 100Cr6 steel. Grinding wheels with microcrystalline corundum grains and ceramic bond underwent assessment. Analysis of the registered machining results showed greater efficacy of the method of cutting using a grinding wheel with zones of various diameters. The method allows for comparative tests upon different grinding wheels, with various grinding parameters and different machined materials.

scholarly journals New Abrasive Materials and Their Influence on the Surface Quality of Bearing Steel After Grinding

10.14311/1598 ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ondrej Jusko
Keyword(s):  
Surface Quality ◽  
Bearing Steel ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Grinding Process ◽  
Grinding Wheels ◽  
Abrasive Material ◽  
Abrasive Grains ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
New Type

This paper focuses on the influence of various types of abrasive grains on cutting properties during the grinding process for bearing steel. In this experiment, not only conventional super-hard abrasive materials but also a new type of abrasive material were employed in grinding wheels. The measurement results were compared, and an evaluation was made of the cutting properties of the new abrasive material. The options were then evaluated for their practical applicability. The measurement results indicated that a grinding wheel with Abral and SG grains is the most suitable for grinding hardened bearing steel in order to achieve the best roughness and geometrical accuracy.

Potential for improving efficiency of the internal cylindrical grinding process by modification of the grinding wheel structure—Part I: Grinding wheels made of conventional abrasive grains

2016 ◽  
Vol 231 (4) ◽  
pp. 621-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Nadolny ◽  
Witold Habrat
Keyword(s):  
Sol Gel ◽  
Active Surface ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Grinding Process ◽  
Grinding Wheels ◽  
Abrasive Grains ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Internal Cylindrical Grinding ◽  
Different Diameters

This article offers an overview of 14 grinding wheel construction modifications used in the peripheral grinding of flat-shaped internal and external cylindrical surfaces, when grinding wheels made of conventional abrasive grains are used (Al2O3, sol-gel alumina, SiC, etc.). The text contains characteristics of grinding wheels with mixed grains, glass-crystalline bond, a centrifugal provision of the coolant into the grinding zone, aggregate grains, zones of different diameters, radial rough grinding zone, extended finish grinding segments, active surface macro- and micro-discontinuities, as well as multiporous, impregnated (self-lubricating), sandwich, sectional and segment grinding wheels. Each of the presented structural modifications was described by giving construction scheme, used abrasive grains, range of applications, advantages as well as disadvantages. Modifications of the grinding wheel construction allow for effective improvement of both the conditions and the results of the grinding process. A wide range of the known modifications allows for their proper selection depending on the required criteria of effective evaluation and taking into account the specific characteristics of conventional abrasive grains. As a result, it is possible to obtain positive influence on a number of technological factors of the grinding process. The described modifications of the grinding wheel structure can be also an inspiration and the basis for creating new solutions in this field.

Prediction of Blunting Area of Abrasive Grains on a Grinding Wheel

2017 ◽  
Vol 139 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandr A. Dyakonov ◽  
Dmitrii V. Ardashev
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Mathematic Model ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Grinding Wheels ◽  
Wheel Wear ◽  
Abrasive Wheel ◽  
Abrasive Grains ◽  
Abrasive Grain ◽  
Mass Transfer Theory ◽  
First Time

The article presents the results of calculating the blunting area of abrasive grains of grinding wheels, determined in accordance with the previously developed model. The mathematic model of the size of the blunting area of an abrasive grain considers the main mechanisms of its wear—mechanical and physicochemical. These mechanisms are taken into account in the model. For the first time, the kinetic theory of strength was used for determining the mechanical wear of abrasive grain. The mass transfer theory was used to study the physicochemical wear: coefficients of chemical affinity with the abrasive material are experimentally defined for the assortment of workpiece materials. The developed mathematic model is a multiple-factor one and this will allow to predict the size of wear of the abrasive wheel for different technological conditions. Also, the article presents the experimental method for determining the blunting area of abrasive grains of grinding wheels, which allows making a direct measurement of wear parameters of grinding wheels. The main parameter of grinding wheel wear is the length of the blunting area of the grain, which was measured out in the direction of the cutting speed vector. The grinding wheels of different graininess were studied—F60 and F46. The grinding wheel working surface was studied by numerical photos and microscope. The results of these experiments have confirmed the adequacy of the design model.

A New Method of Studying the Performance of Grinding Wheels

1980 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. V. Kumar ◽  
M. Cozminca ◽  
Y. Tanaka ◽  
M. C. Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
New Method ◽  
New Technique ◽  
Effective Number ◽  
Grinding Wheels ◽  
Abrasive Grains ◽  
Abrasive Tools ◽  
A New Technique ◽  
Scanning Electron

A new technique for studying the performance of abrasive tools is described that is not only useful for evaluating the rate of wear of grinding systems but is also capable of yielding difficult to obtain data (such as the effective number of cutting points and local wheel work deflection) essential in fundamental studies of grinding. The new method involves overcut fly cutting with a small (1/8 in × 1/8 in) cluster of abrasive grains that are normally bound together and dressed. The small size of the specimen is particularly important relative to wear studies in that it enables wear data to be obtained with a relatively small amount of grinding and also permits the used abrasive to be studied in the scanning electron microscope.

Observation of Grinding Wheel Wear Patterns by Means of a 3-Dimensional Digital Measuring Method

2008 ◽  
Vol 389-390 ◽  
pp. 108-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hwa Soo Lee ◽  
Takazo Yamada ◽  
Naoyuki Ishida
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Measuring Method ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Grinding Process ◽  
Digital Measuring ◽  
Grinding Wheels ◽  
Wheel Wear ◽  
Measuring Device ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Grinding Wheel Wear

Surface geometries of grinding wheels vary due to the wear in grinding process. Since the wheel wear patterns are affected by the grinding process, measuring and investigating these patterns quantitatively, grinding process can be evaluated whether appropriate or not. Utilizing a three-dimensional measuring device for wheel surfaces developed so far, this study aims to evaluate wheel wear patterns quantitatively. As the results, applying developed device, it is clarified that wheel wear pattern can be classified and evaluated quantitatively.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document