Filtering Procedures for Reliable Outdoor Temperature Coefficients in Different Photovoltaic Technologies

2013 ◽  
Vol 136 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
David Moser ◽  
Markus Pichler ◽  
Miglena Nikolaeva-Dimitrova
Keyword(s):  
Power Output ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Negative Sign ◽  
Outdoor Temperature ◽  
Temperature Coefficients ◽  
True Effect ◽  
Test Conditions ◽  
Photovoltaic Technologies ◽  
Outdoor Behavior

Power temperature coefficients δ (TCo) measured indoor at standard test conditions (STC) (as given on products datasheet) always present a negative sign; an increase in temperature leads to a reduced power output. Interestingly, the magnitude of the TCo is not always confirmed outdoor with significant differences between technologies with even change in signs in some cases (e.g., a-Si). It is important to investigate if the reported outdoor behavior is a true effect or if it is the result of a choice of nonhomogeneous sets of data (e.g., either irradiance sensor or modules shaded). In this work, the importance of filtering procedures is discussed in order to work with a reliable set of data and to establish a method that allows comparison with indoor data.

scholarly journals Analysis of Power Generation for Solar Photovoltaic Module with Various Internal Cell Spacing

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 6364
Author(s):  
June Raymond L. Mariano ◽  
Yun-Chuan Lin ◽  
Mingyu Liao ◽  
Herchang Ay
Keyword(s):  
Power Output ◽  
Spacing Effect ◽  
Photovoltaic Cell ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Photovoltaic Module ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Engineering Software ◽  
Internal Cell ◽  
Cell Spacing ◽  
Pv Module

Photovoltaic (PV) systems directly convert solar energy into electricity and researchers are taking into consideration the design of photovoltaic cell interconnections to form a photovoltaic module that maximizes solar irradiance. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the cell spacing effect of light diffusion on output power. In this work, the light absorption of solar PV cells in a module with three different cell spacings was studied. An optical engineering software program was used to analyze the reflecting light on the backsheet of the solar PV module towards the solar cell with varied internal cell spacing of 2 mm, 5 mm, and 8 mm. Then, assessments were performed under standard test conditions to investigate the power output of the PV modules. The results of the study show that the module with an internal cell spacing of 8 mm generated more power than 5 mm and 2 mm. Conversely, internal cell spacing from 2 mm to 5 mm revealed a greater increase of power output on the solar PV module compared to 5 mm to 8 mm. Furthermore, based on the simulation and experiment, internal cell spacing variation showed that the power output of a solar PV module can increase its potential to produce more power from the diffuse reflectance of light.

scholarly journals An Improved Generalized Method for Evaluation of Parameters, Modeling, and Simulation of Photovoltaic Modules

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vandana Jha ◽  
Uday Shankar Triar
Keyword(s):  
Modeling And Simulation ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Unknown Parameters ◽  
Photovoltaic Modules ◽  
Pv Module ◽  
Test Conditions ◽  
Pv Modules ◽  
Evaluation Of Parameters ◽  
Output Characteristics ◽  
Matlab Programming

This paper proposes an improved generalized method for evaluation of parameters, modeling, and simulation of photovoltaic modules. A new concept “Level of Improvement” has been proposed for evaluating unknown parameters of the nonlinear I-V equation of the single-diode model of PV module at any environmental condition, taking the manufacturer-specified data at Standard Test Conditions as inputs. The main contribution of the new concept is the improvement in the accuracy of values of evaluated parameters up to various levels and is based on mathematical equations of PV modules. The proposed evaluating method is implemented by MATLAB programming and, for demonstration, by using the values of parameters of the I-V equation obtained from programming results, a PV module model is build with MATLAB. The parameters evaluated by the proposed technique are validated with the datasheet values of six different commercially available PV modules (thin film, monocrystalline, and polycrystalline) at Standard Test Conditions and Nominal Operating Cell Temperature Conditions. The module output characteristics generated by the proposed method are validated with experimental data of FS-270 PV module. The effects of variation of ideality factor and resistances on output characteristics are also studied. The superiority of the proposed technique is proved.

scholarly journals Performance Evaluation of Analytical Methods for Parameters Extraction of Photovoltaic Generators

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 4825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nader Anani ◽  
Haider Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Computational Complexity ◽  
Numerical Methods ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Pv Module ◽  
Test Conditions ◽  
Parameters Extraction ◽  
Detailed Mathematical Analysis ◽  
Photovoltaic Generators

This paper presents a succinct exploration of several analytical methods for extracting the parameters of the single-diode model (SDM) of a photovoltaic (PV) module under standard test conditions (STC). The paper investigates six methods and presents the detailed mathematical analysis leading to the development of each method. To evaluate the performance of these methods, MATLAB-based software has been devised and deployed to generate the results of each method when used to extract the SDM parameters of various PV test modules of different PV technologies. Similar software has also been developed to extract the same parameters using well-established numerical and iterative techniques. A comparison is subsequently made between the synthesized results and those obtained using numerical and iterative methods. The comparison indicates that although analytical methods may involve a significant amount of approximations, their accuracy can be comparable to that of their numerical and iterative counterparts, with the added advantage of a significant reduction in computational complexity, and without the initialization and convergence difficulties, which are normally associated with numerical methods.

Standard Characterization of Multi-junction Thin-film Photovoltaic Modules: Spectral Mismatch Correction to Standard Test Conditions and Comparison with Outdoor Measurements

2010 ◽  
Vol 1245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauro Pravettoni ◽  
Georgios Tzamalis ◽  
Komlan Anika ◽  
Davide Polverini ◽  
Harald Müllejans
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Spectral Response ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Response Measurement ◽  
Test Conditions ◽  
Current Voltage ◽  
Long Term Performance ◽  
Term Performance

AbstractMulti-junction thin-film devices have emerged as very promising PV materials due to reduced cost, manufacturing ease, efficiency and long term performance. The consequent growing interest of the PV community has lead to the development of new methods for the correction of indoor measurements to standard test conditions (STC), as presented in this paper. The experimental setup for spectral response measurement of multi-junction large-area thin-film modules is presented. A method for reliable corrections of indoor current-voltage characterization to STC is presented: results are compared with outdoor measurements where irradiance conditions are close to standard ones, highlighting ongoing challenges in standard characterization of such devices.

Evaluation Of The Effectiveness Of Oil-Dispersing Chemicals

1969 ◽  
Vol 1969 (1) ◽  
pp. 199-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.A. Murphy ◽  
L.T. McCarthy
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Water Solution ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Test Procedures ◽  
Test Conditions ◽  
Limited Precision

Abstract A procedure for evaluating the effectiveness of oil-dispersing chemicals has been developed. Using the apparatus originally designed for the Navy specification for solvent-emulsifiers, test conditions were adapted to correspond more closely to typical environmental conditions. Test conditions having the greatest effect on dispersant performance included: type of oil, composition of salt water solution, degree of agitation of chemical/oil mixture, and the degree of contact between chemical and oil prior to agitation. Results from this modified procedure, the Simulated Environmental Tank (SET) Test, correspond well with results from simple field tests. Field tests have limited precision and reproducibility. This lack of a reliable index of field performance with which to compare laboratory results hinders refinement of standard test procedures. The SET Test, which produces results corresponding favorably with field performance, to the extent field performance can be determined, and which simulates typical environmental conditions, is proposed as a meaningful interim solution to this problem of dispersant evaluation.

Effects of Filament Pre-Tension to the Characteristics of Solo-Sirofil Composite Yarn

2011 ◽  
Vol 117-119 ◽  
pp. 795-798
Author(s):  
Rui Hua Yang ◽  
Wei Mian Wu ◽  
Yu Qin Wan ◽  
Wei Dong Gao ◽  
Hong Bo Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breaking Strength ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Ring Spinning ◽  
Test Conditions ◽  
Composite Yarn ◽  
Breaking Work

Pre-tension of filament is critical to the characteristics of solo-sirofil composite yarn. In this paper, solo-sirofil yarns under filament pre-tension of 5-25cN were produced by modified EJM-128K ring spinning frame. The hairiness, breaking strength, breaking work and yarn evenness were tested under standard test conditions. It’s explored that when the pre-tension of filament is 15cN, perform of solo-sirofil achieve the best level with lower hairiness, higher breaking strength and breaking work, and better yarn evenness.

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