Optimum Sizing of the Prime Mover in a Medium Scale Gas Turbine CHP System

2011 ◽  
Vol 133 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Aghaei Meybodi ◽  
Masud Behnia
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Carbon Tax ◽  
Combined Heat And Power ◽  
Prime Mover ◽  
Medium Scale ◽  
Economic Parameters ◽  
Prime Movers ◽  
Chp System ◽  
The Impact

Optimum selection of prime movers in combined heat and power (CHP) systems is of crucial importance due to the fact that inappropriate choices reduce the benefits of CHP systems considerably. In the selection procedure, the performance characteristics of prime movers as well as economic parameters should be taken into account. In this paper, a thermo-economic method for selecting the optimum nominal power and planning the operational strategy of gas turbine as the prime mover of a medium scale (500–5000 kW) CHP system is presented. Appropriate relations for estimating thermodynamic and economic parameters of the system in the context of net annual cost criterion are introduced. Three modes of operation have been considered, namely, two-way connection (TWC) mode, one-way connection (OWC) mode, and heat demand following (HDF) mode. In TWC mode, buying electricity from the grid and selling the excess electricity to the grid are allowed. OWC mode is a situation in which it is only possible to buy electricity from the grid. In HDF mode, buying electricity from the grid and selling electricity to the grid are allowed. HDF mode of operation is considered to have the minimum waste of energy due to the fact that prime movers work in a condition at which the excess produced heat is minimal. As a way of dealing with the environmental concerns, the impact of carbon tax has also been studied. The proposed method has been used for a case study. It was observed that the optimum nominal powers in TWC mode, OWC mode, and HDF mode are 3.5 MW, 3.4 MW, and 0.8 MW, respectively. Furthermore, in order to determine the sensitivity of results to parameters such as cost of electricity, cost of fuel, and carbon tax, a comprehensive sensitivity analysis was conducted. It is noted that the proposed method may be used for other types of prime movers (such as internal combustion engines) as well as various sizes of combined heat and power systems.

Optimum Microturbine Sizing in Small Scale CHP Systems

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Aghaei Meybodi ◽  
Masud Behnia
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Carbon Tax ◽  
Combined Heat And Power ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Optimum Number ◽  
Prime Mover ◽  
Present Worth ◽  
Prime Movers ◽  
Chp System ◽  
The Impact

Microturbines are ideally suited for distributed generation applications due to their flexibility in connection methods. They can be stacked in parallel for larger loads and provide stable and reliable power generation. One of the main applications of microturbines is operating as the prime mover in a combined heat and power (CHP) system. CHP systems are considered to be one of the best ways to produce heat and power with efficient fossil fuel consumption. Further, these systems emit less pollution compared to separate productions of the same amount of electricity and heat. In order to optimally benefit from combined heat and power systems, the proper sizing of prime movers is of paramount importance. This paper presents a technical-economic method for selecting the optimum number and nominal power as well as planning the operational strategy of microturbines as the prime movers of small scale combined heat and power systems (capacities up to 500 kW) in three modes of operation: one-way connection (OWC) mode, two-way connection (TWC) mode, and heat demand following (HDF) mode. In the proposed sizing procedure both performance characteristics of the prime mover and economic parameters (i.e. capital and maintenance costs) are taken into account. As the criterion for decision making Net Present Worth (NPW) is used. In our analysis we have also considered the impact of carbon tax on the economics of generation. The proposed approach may also be used for other types of prime movers as well as other sizes of CHP system.

The Impact of Australia’s Carbon Price on the Optimisation and Selection of Gas Turbine CHP System

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chanel A. Gibson ◽  
Mehdi Aghaei Meybodi ◽  
Masud Behnia
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Carbon Price ◽  
Combined Heat And Power ◽  
Present Worth ◽  
Dual Connection ◽  
Chp System ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Optimum Working ◽  
Selection Of

This paper aims to indentify the impact of Australia’s carbon pricing mechanism on the optimization of a gas turbine combined heat and power (CHP) system using a thermo-economic approach. Three economic scenarios were considered: no carbon price (case one); carbon price and not liable (case two); and a carbon price and liable (case three). With the intention of demonstrating the methodology used and to identify the impact of the carbon price quantitatively, a case study was utilized. Pricing data sourced from an ongoing investigation at this institution was employed to facilitate the three economic scenarios in addition to the yearly price fluctuations. The system was permitted to operate at off-design conditions in order to determine the optimum working conditions for each month. The analysis drew on the economic indicators of net present worth and payback period. Two connection modes to the grid were considered: a single connection that allowed only for the purchasing of supplementary electricity from the grid and a dual connection which allowed both purchasing and selling of electricity.

Number and Nominal Power of Prime Movers in Combined Heat and Power Systems

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sepehr Sanaye ◽  
Mehdi Aghaee Meibodi ◽  
Shahabeddin Shokrollahi ◽  
Habibollah Fouladi
Keyword(s):  
Combined Heat And Power ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Prime Mover ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Operational Strategy ◽  
Prime Movers ◽  
Heating Load ◽  
Chp System ◽  
Selection Of

Combined Heat and Power (CHP) systems have many economical and environmental benefits. Generally, selection of these systems is performed using the time-dependent curves of the required electricity and heating load during a year. In the selection of a CHP system, the operation of this system at off-design point also should be studied. In this paper, a method for selecting the number of prime movers, and determining their nominal power and operational strategy considering specific electrical and heating loads is presented. Three types of prime movers which are studied in this paper are gas turbine, diesel engine, and gas engine. Selecting the number of each type of prime mover and determining their nominal power as well as the operational strategy are presented here. Ambient conditions and electricity and heating load curves are assumed as known parameters. Parameters such as engine thermal efficiency, exhaust gas temperature, mass flow rate of fuel and exhaust gases are computed for three types of prime movers. After determining the optimum value of number and nominal power of prime mover(s), the operational strategy of each type of prime mover in CHP system is analyzed.

Experimental Investigation of the Performance of a Micro Gas Turbine Fueled With Mixtures of Natural Gas and Biogas

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Homam Nikpey ◽  
Mohsen Assadi ◽  
Peter Breuhaus
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Fuel Mixture ◽  
Combined Heat And Power ◽  
Test Rig ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Fuel Mixtures ◽  
The Impact

Previously published studies have addressed modifications to the engines when operating with biogas, i.e. a low heating value (LHV) fuel. This study focuses on mapping out the possible biogas share in a fuel mixture of biogas and natural gas in micro combined heat and power (CHP) installations without any engine modifications. This contributes to a reduction in CO2 emissions from existing CHP installations and makes it possible to avoid a costly upgrade of biogas to the natural gas quality as well as engine modifications. Moreover, this approach allows the use of natural gas as a “fallback” solution in the case of eventual variations of the biogas composition and or shortage of biogas, providing improved availability. In this study, the performance of a commercial 100kW micro gas turbine (MGT) is experimentally evaluated when fed by varying mixtures of natural gas and biogas. The MGT is equipped with additional instrumentation, and a gas mixing station is used to supply the demanded fuel mixtures from zero biogas to maximum possible level by diluting natural gas with CO2. A typical biogas composition with 0.6 CH4 and 0.4 CO2 (in mole fraction) was used as reference, and corresponding biogas content in the supplied mixtures was computed. The performance changes due to increased biogas share were studied and compared with the purely natural gas fired engine. This paper presents the test rig setup used for the experimental activities and reports results, demonstrating the impact of burning a mixture of biogas and natural gas on the performance of the MGT. Comparing with when only natural gas was fired in the engine, the electrical efficiency was almost unchanged and no significant changes in operating parameters were observed. It was also shown that burning a mixture of natural gas and biogas contributes to a significant reduction in CO2 emissions from the plant.

The Prime Mover Selection Analysis of Distributed Energy System

2013 ◽  
Vol 732-733 ◽  
pp. 376-381
Author(s):  
Yan Zhou Yuan ◽  
Pu Yan Zheng ◽  
Xiu Wen Chen ◽  
Zhi Yun Zhou ◽  
Jian Gang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Variable Load ◽  
Prime Mover ◽  
Combination Optimization ◽  
Distributed Energy System ◽  
Prime Movers ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
The Impact

The performance and application characteristic of various prime movers (gas turbines, gas engines and micro-turbines) were analyzed and compared; the criterion of selecting a DES prime mover was revealed and a method for designing the optimum capacity of a DES prime mover was given; The prime mover variable load characteristic, the impact of the start-stop and multi-station modular combination optimization are not fully considered, which will be the future research directions of DES configuration optimization .

scholarly journals Riding the Surge

2013 ◽  
Vol 135 (05) ◽  
pp. 37-41
Author(s):  
Lee S. Langston
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Joint Venture ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Prime Mover ◽  
Marine Industry ◽  
Prime Movers ◽  
The 19Th Century

This article explores the advantages of gas turbines in the marine industry. Marine gas turbines, which are designed specifically for use on ships, have long been one of the segments of the gas turbine market. One advantage that gas turbines have over conventional marine diesels is volume. Gas turbines are the prime movers for the modern combined cycle electric power plant. Both CFM International (a joint venture of General Electric and France’s Snecma) and Pratt & Whitney are working on new engines for this multibillion dollar single-aisle, narrow-body market. Pratt & Whitney’s new certified PW1500G geared turbofans will have a first flight powering the first Bombardier CSeries aircraft. On land, sea, and air, the surge in gas turbine production is remarkable. The experts suggest that what the steam engine was to the 19th century and the internal combustion engine was to the 20th, the gas turbine might be to the 21st century: the ubiquitous prime mover of choice.

Dynamic Analysis of Prime Mover Combined Heat and Power Delivery to Chemical Processing

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael E. Reed ◽  
Diana K. Grauer
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Process ◽  
Power Input ◽  
Combined Heat And Power ◽  
Power Delivery ◽  
Chemical Plants ◽  
Prime Mover ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
Unit Operations ◽  
Aspen Custom Modeler ◽  
The Impact

This paper presents a study of the impact of combined heat and power generation from prime mover engines on coupled chemical processes. Medium- and large-bore engines are frequently used in refineries and chemical plants to provide dedicated mechanical power to unit operations. Currently, the prime mover is included in the chemical process design as a single, steady-state power input. This design does not take into account, dynamic engine operation including load changes, start-up, shut-down, and malfunction, all of which have a direct and immediate impact on unit operations. The research team has developed a dynamic model of a “proof of concept” example chemical process in Aspen Custom Modeler to investigate the impact of dynamic operation and integration of a dedicated prime mover unit on an example chemical process.

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