Discussion: “Velocity Profile Effects on the Discharge Coefficient of Pressure-Differential Meters” (Ferron, A. G., 1963, ASME J. Basic Eng., 85, pp. 338–342)

1963 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 342-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. V. A. Engel
Keyword(s):  
Velocity Profile ◽  
Discharge Coefficient ◽  
Pressure Differential

Velocity Profile Effects on the Discharge Coefficient of Pressure-Differential Meters

1963 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 338-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Ferron
Keyword(s):  
Velocity Profile ◽  
Velocity Distribution ◽  
Discharge Coefficient ◽  
Pressure Differential ◽  
Characteristic Manner

Tests performed on a high-differential meter, venturi meter, and orifice indicated changes in the discharge coefficient with changes in upstream velocity distribution. These tests along with those by other investigators lead to the conclusion that all pressure-differential meters are affected by upstream velocity distributions when defined in some characteristic manner. This effect is increased as the beta ratio increases.

In-Cylinder Flow Correlations Between Steady Flow Bench and Motored Engine Using Computational Fluid Dynamics

2017 ◽  
Vol 139 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaofeng Yang ◽  
Tang-Wei Kuo ◽  
Orgun Guralp ◽  
Ronald O. Grover ◽  
Paul Najt
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Velocity Profile ◽  
Discharge Coefficient ◽  
Intake Port ◽  
Charge Motion ◽  
Steady State Flow ◽  
Cfd Simulations ◽  
Motored Engine

Intake port flow performance plays a substantial role in determining the volumetric efficiency and in-cylinder charge motion of a spark-ignited engine. Steady-state flow bench and motored engine flow computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations were carried out to bridge these two approaches for the evaluation of port flow and charge motion (such as discharge coefficient, swirl/tumble ratios (SR/TR)). The intake port polar velocity profile and polar physical clearance profile were generated to evaluate the port performance based on local flow velocity and physical clearance in the valve-seat region. The measured data were taken from standard steady-state flow bench tests of an intake port for validation of CFD simulations. It was reconfirmed that the predicted discharge coefficients and swirl/tumble index (SI/TI) of steady flow bench simulations have a good correlation with those of motored engine flow simulations. Polar velocity profile is strongly affected by polar physical clearance profile. The polar velocity inhomogeneity factor (IHF) correlates well with the port discharge coefficient, swirl/tumble index. Useful information can be extracted from local polar physical clearance and velocity, which can help for intake port design.

Discharge of Granular Materials From Hoppers With Various Exit Geometries

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hojin Ahn ◽  
Erkan Yilmaz ◽  
Mustafa Yilmaz ◽  
Abdulcelil Bugutekin
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Velocity Profile ◽  
Granular Materials ◽  
Coming Out ◽  
Discharge Coefficient ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Visual Observation ◽  
Glass Beads ◽  
The Other ◽  
Conical Hopper

The discharge of glass beads from axisymmetric hoppers was experimentally investigated. Two types of hoppers were employed: one was of conical hoppers with different angles and the other was nozzle-shaped. The result showed that, for a conical hopper with a hopper angle greater than 45°, the hopper angle had little effect on the discharge coefficient. On the other hand, for a hopper angle less than 45°, the discharge coefficient rapidly increased with decreasing hopper angle. The present data agreed well with other experimental data available in the literature. The discharge coefficient of the nozzle-shaped hopper was measured to be as considerably high as that of a conical hopper with the hopper angle of 10°. Preliminary investigation on velocity profiles at hopper exits was conducted by examining the traces of particles in digital photographs. Visual observation on the degree of spread of the jets of particles coming out of hoppers with different hopper angles indicated that the velocity profile at the exit for a narrow hopper was more uniform than that for a wide hopper.

Quadrant Edge Orifice Performance-Effect of Upstream Velocity Distribution

1962 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 415-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marvin Bogema ◽  
Bradford Spring ◽  
M. V. Ramamoorthy
Keyword(s):  
Reynolds Number ◽  
Velocity Profile ◽  
Velocity Distribution ◽  
Lower Limit ◽  
Discharge Coefficient ◽  
Reynolds Numbers ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Performance Effect ◽  
Coefficient Variation ◽  
Discharge Coefficients

Quadrant edge orifices offer constant discharge coefficients to much lower Reynolds numbers than do sharp edge orifices, nozzles, or venturi meters. Published results show different values for the lower limit of constancy. This paper presents experimental results which indicate that at flows below pipe Reynolds number of 4000 the discharge coefficient variation is related to the degree of velocity profile development in the upstream meter run.

Numerical investigation and modelling of acoustically excited flow through a circular orifice backed by a hexagonal cavity

2012 ◽  
Vol 693 ◽  
pp. 367-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Zhang ◽  
Daniel J. Bodony
Keyword(s):  
Velocity Profile ◽  
Boundary Layers ◽  
Time Domain ◽  
Discharge Coefficient ◽  
Impedance Match ◽  
Simulation Data ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Circular Orifice ◽  
Domain Models ◽  
Flow Through

AbstractResolved simulations of the sound-induced flow through a circular orifice with a 0.99 mm diameter are examined. The orifice is backed by a hexagonal cavity and is a local model for acoustic liners commonly used for aeroengine noise reduction. The simulation data identify the role the orifice wall boundary layers play in determining the orifice discharge coefficient which, in time-domain models, is an important indicator of nonlinearity. It is observed that when the liner behaviour is not well described by linear models, the orifice boundary layers contain secondary vorticity generated from its separation from the corner on the high-pressure side of the orifice. Quantitative comparisons of the simulation-predicted impedance match available data for incident sound of 130 dB amplitude at frequencies from 1.5 to 3.0 kHz. At amplitudes of 140–160 dB, the simulation impedance is in agreement with analytical predictions when using simulation-measured quantities, including the discharge coefficient and root-mean-square velocity through the orifice, although no experimental data for this liner exist at these conditions. The simulation data are used to develop two time-domain models for the acoustic impedance wherein the velocity profile through the orifice is modelled as the product of the fluid velocity and a presumed radial shape, $\dot {\xi } V(r)$. The models perform well, predicting the in-orifice velocity and pressure, and the impedance, except for the most nonlinear cases where it is seen that the assumed shape $V(r)$ can affect the backplate pressure predictions. These results suggest that future time-domain models that take the velocity profile into account, by modelling the boundary layer thickness and assuming a velocity profile shape, may be successful in predicting the nonlinear response of the liner.

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