scholarly journals Discussion: “Tip Leakage Flow in Axial Compressors” (Storer, J. A., and Cumpsty, N. A., 1991, ASME J. Turbomach., 113, pp. 252–259)

1991 ◽  
Vol 113 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. N. Moyle
Keyword(s):  
Leakage Flow ◽  
Tip Leakage Flow ◽  
Axial Compressors ◽  
Tip Leakage

Numerical Research on Effects of Shroud Contraction on Tip Leakage Flow and Overall Performance of Axial Compressors

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yufan Zhang ◽  
Jiabin Li ◽  
Lucheng Ji
Keyword(s):  
Great Influence ◽  
Axial Compressor ◽  
Detailed Comparison ◽  
Leakage Flow ◽  
Tip Leakage Flow ◽  
Axial Compressors ◽  
Tip Leakage ◽  
Numerical Research ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
Inclined Angle

In the design of an axial compressor, many designers take advantage of this technology and employ contracted shroud. What is its impact on tip leakage flow and overall performance of the axial compressor? What is its mechanism? In this paper, the NASA Rotor67 is taken as a research case, and parameterized study is conducted to investigate the effects of shrouds with different inclined angles. The inclined angles range from 0° to 13°. Based on the above described plan, numerical simulations are conducted to the original rotor67 and its modified versions with inclined shroud. To remove factors that might interfere the results, original Rotor 67 and all the blades with modified shroud should be compared to their optimal design status. Adjoint optimization is used to give the optimum blade corresponding to each shroud with different blade inclined angles. Then adjoint optimization was used again to give the optimum meridional flowpath for all the cases with different shroud inclined angles. This provides a powerful tool to evaluate the accuracy of the aforementioned prediction. A detailed comparison is made between the original flowpath and the optimized ones. Numerical results are analyzed in detail between original Rotor67 and its modified versions. The results show that the shroud inclined angle has an effect on the overall performance of the blade. It will also redistribute the velocity triangles and the chordwise distribution of aero load in the tip region. Hence it exerts great influence on the tip leakage flow field in the meantime. Shroud with suitable inclined angles can suppress the developing of leakage vortex , and the best-inclined angle for rotor 67 is found to be roughly 11°.

An Approximate Analysis and Prediction Method for Tip Clearance Loss in Axial Compressors

1994 ◽  
Vol 116 (4) ◽  
pp. 648-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Storer ◽  
N. A. Cumpsty
Keyword(s):  
Simple Model ◽  
Tip Clearance ◽  
Flow Coefficient ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Leakage Flow ◽  
Tip Leakage Flow ◽  
Principal Mechanism ◽  
Axial Compressors ◽  
Tip Leakage ◽  
Clearance Flow

A simple model for loss created by the tip clearance flow in axial compressors is presented, based on an experimental program performed in conjunction with the Dawes three-dimensional Navier–Stokes calculation method. The principal mechanism of loss (entropy creation) caused by tip leakage flow has been established to be the mixing of flows of similar speeds but different direction. Calculations show that relative motion of the endwall relative to the tip has a small effect on clearance flow. The simple model correctly predicts the magnitude of tip clearance loss and the trend with changes of tip clearance for the cascade tested. For a given geometry the loss is almost exactly proportional to the ratio of tip clearance to blade span; the loss directly associated with the clearance is smaller than often assumed. The simple model for tip clearance loss has been expressed in terms of conventional nondimensional design variables (for example: solidity, aspect ratio, flow coefficient, loading coefficient) and from these the contribution to the overall loss of efficiency caused by tip leakage flow is conveniently represented. The trends are illustrated for a number of possible compressor design choices. Blade row loss increases more slowly than blade loading (for example, diffusion factor). As a result the decrement in stage efficiency associated with clearance flow decreases as the stage loading is raised in the practical range of flow and loading coefficients.

Effect of Sloped Trench Casing Treatment on Performance and Stability of Axial Compressors

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hou Jiexuan ◽  
Liu Yangwei
Keyword(s):  
Working Environment ◽  
Leakage Flow ◽  
Compressor Cascade ◽  
Tip Leakage Flow ◽  
Tip Leakage Vortex ◽  
Casing Treatment ◽  
Axial Compressors ◽  
Tip Leakage ◽  
Inflow Condition ◽  
The Stability

Abstract Numerical simulations are carried out to investigate the effect of the sloped trench casing treatment on the performance and stability of a compressor cascade, an isolated rotor, and a single compressor stage. The research objects alter from a simplified flow model to an actual compressor working environment. Firstly, a detailed study of how the sloped trench casing treatment effects the tip leakage flow structure, especially the tip leakage vortex of a compressor cascade, is presented. Results show that the strength of the tip leakage vortex is weakened as the sloped trench casing treatment transforms the structure of the tip leakage vortex. Then the simulation results of the isolated rotor and the single stage are studied. For both cases, the effect of the sloped trench casing treatment on the tip leakage flow is analogous to that of the cascade case. For the isolated rotor, the improvement on the performance is not obvious. While under the stage environment, different from the traditional casing treatment, both the performance and the stability of the compressor are advanced, by getting the tip leakage vortex under control and letting the downstream stator working under a better inflow condition.

An Approximate Analysis and Prediction Method for Tip Clearance Loss in Axial Compressors

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Storer ◽  
N. A. Cumpsty
Keyword(s):  
Simple Model ◽  
Prediction Method ◽  
Tip Clearance ◽  
Flow Coefficient ◽  
Leakage Flow ◽  
Tip Leakage Flow ◽  
Principal Mechanism ◽  
Axial Compressors ◽  
Tip Leakage ◽  
Clearance Flow

A simple model for loss created by the tip clearance flow in axial compressors is presented, based on an experimental programme performed in conjunction with the Dawes three-dimensional Navier-Stokes calculation method. The principal mechanism of loss (entropy creation) caused by tip leakage flow has been established to be the mixing of flows of similar speeds but different direction. Calculations who that relative motion of the endwall relative to the tip has a small effect on clearance flow. The simple model correctly predicts the magnitude of tip clearance loss and the trend with changes of tip clearance for the cascade tested. For a given geometry the loss is almost exactly proportional to the ratio of tip clearance to blade span; the loss directly associated with the clearance is smaller than often assumed. The simple model for tip clearance loss has been expressed in terms of conventional non-dimensional design variables (for example; solidity, aspect ratio, flow coefficient, loading coefficient) and from these the contribution to the overall loss of efficiency caused by tip leakage flow is conveniently represented. The trends are illustrated for a number of possible compressor design choices. Blade row loss increases more slowly than blade loading (for example diffusion factor). As a result the decrement in stage efficiency associated with clearance flow decreases as the stage loading is raised in the practical range of flow and loading coefficients.

Numerical Study on Effects of Axial-Slot Casing Treatment on Peak Efficiency of Axial Compressors

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Ma ◽  
Xi Nan ◽  
Feng Lin
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Study ◽  
Leakage Flow ◽  
Tip Leakage Flow ◽  
Peak Efficiency ◽  
Leakage Loss ◽  
Casing Treatment ◽  
Axial Compressors ◽  
Tip Leakage ◽  
Transonic Compressor ◽  
Casing Treatments

Axial compressors can obtain substantial improvement on stall margin by using axial-slot casing treatments. However, this type of casing treatment usually yields large peak efficiency penalty due to the interaction between the slots and rotor tip region where the tip leakage flow plays an important role. Therefore, as a main factor that influences the peak efficiency, the tip leakage loss was examined in this paper with a variety of slot geometries. Unsteady numerical simulations were performed on both low speed and transonic compressors with axial skewed slot casing treatments with different geometric parameters. In addition, an equation which can be applied to evaluate the tip leakage loss under casing treatment cases was derived from Denton’s leakage mixing model. The leakage loss can be expressed in terms of the cube of the tip leakage flow rate. Combined with the simulation results, the effects of the number, depth and width of the slots on both the leakage loss and peak efficiency deficit were investigated. For the transonic compressor, the impacts of shock wave and its interaction with the tip leakage flow /vortex were assessed as well. Lastly, two axial-slot casing treatments with an isosceles-trapezoid shaped opening were designed to reduce the loss in the rotor tip region. It was shown that the newly designed axial-slot casing treatments were capable of improving the peak efficiency of both compressors.

scholarly journals Effects of Tip Leakage Flow on the Aerodynamic Performance and Stability of an Axial-Flow Transonic Compressor Stage

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 4168
Author(s):  
Botao Zhang ◽  
Xiaochen Mao ◽  
Xiaoxiong Wu ◽  
Bo Liu
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Shock Wave ◽  
Axial Flow ◽  
Leading Edge ◽  
Rotating Stall ◽  
Tip Clearance ◽  
Leakage Flow ◽  
Tip Leakage Flow ◽  
Tip Leakage ◽  
Transonic Compressor

To explain the effect of tip leakage flow on the performance of an axial-flow transonic compressor, the compressors with different rotor tip clearances were studied numerically. The results show that as the rotor tip clearance increases, the leakage flow intensity is increased, the shock wave position is moved backward, and the interaction between the tip leakage vortex and shock wave is intensified, while that between the boundary layer and shock wave is weakened. Most of all, the stall mechanisms of the compressors with varying rotor tip clearances are different. The clearance leakage flow is the main cause of the rotating stall under large rotor tip clearance. However, the stall form for the compressor with half of the designed tip clearance is caused by the joint action of the rotor tip stall caused by the leakage flow spillage at the blade leading edge and the whole blade span stall caused by the separation of the boundary layer of the rotor and the stator passage. Within the investigated varied range, when the rotor tip clearance size is half of the design, the compressor performance is improved best, and the peak efficiency and stall margin are increased by 0.2% and 3.5%, respectively.

Development of the Tip-Leakage Flow Downstream of a Planar Cascade of Turbine Blades: Vorticity Field

1989 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Yaras ◽  
S. A. Sjolander
Keyword(s):  
Simple Model ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Leakage Flow ◽  
Tip Leakage Flow ◽  
Vorticity Field ◽  
Trailing Edge ◽  
Tip Leakage ◽  
Blade Row ◽  
Axisymmetric Structure ◽  
Insight Into

The paper presents detailed measurements of the tip-leakage flow emerging from a planar cascade of turbine blades. Four clearances of from 1.5 to 5.5 percent of the blade chord are considered. Measurements were made at the trailing edge plane, and at two main planes 1.0 and 1.56 axial chord lengths downstream of the cascade. The results give insight into several aspects of the leakage flow including: the size and strength of the leakage vortex in relation to the size of the tip gap and the bound circulation of the blade; and the evolution of the components of vorticity as the vortex diffuses laterally downstream of the blade row. The vortex was found to have largely completed its roll-up into a nearly axisymmetric structure even at the trailing edge of the cascade. As a result, it was found that the vortex could be modelled surprisingly well with a simple model based on the diffusion of a line vortex.

Study of the Standard k-ε Model for Tip Leakage Flow in an Axial Compressor Rotor

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanfei Gao ◽  
Yangwei Liu ◽  
Luyang Zhong ◽  
Jiexuan Hou ◽  
Lipeng Lu
Keyword(s):  
Flow Field ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Turbulent Viscosity ◽  
Axial Compressor ◽  
Leakage Flow ◽  
Reynolds Stresses ◽  
Mean Flow ◽  
Tip Leakage Flow ◽  
Tip Leakage ◽  
Compressor Rotor

AbstractThe standard k-ε model (SKE) and the Reynolds stress model (RSM) are employed to predict the tip leakage flow (TLF) in a low-speed large-scale axial compressor rotor. Then, a new research method is adopted to “freeze” the turbulent kinetic energy and dissipation rate of the flow field derived from the RSM, and obtain the turbulent viscosity using the Boussinesq hypothesis. The Reynolds stresses and mean flow field computed on the basis of the frozen viscosity are compared with the results of the SKE and the RSM. The flow field in the tip region based on the frozen viscosity is more similar to the results of the RSM than those of the SKE, although certain differences can be observed. This finding indicates that the non-equilibrium turbulence transport nature plays an important role in predicting the TLF, as well as the turbulence anisotropy.

Flow Structures in the Tip Region for a Transonic Compressor Rotor

2013 ◽  
Vol 135 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Du ◽  
Feng Lin ◽  
Jingyi Chen ◽  
Chaoqun Nie ◽  
Christoph Biela
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Reference Frame ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Flow Structures ◽  
Leakage Flow ◽  
Tip Leakage Flow ◽  
Three Dimensional Flow ◽  
Tip Leakage ◽  
Leakage Flows ◽  
Tip Leakage Flows

Numerical simulations are carried out to investigate flow structures in the tip region for an axial transonic rotor, with careful comparisons with the experimental results. The calculated performance curve and two-dimensional (2D) flow structures observed at casing, such as the shock wave, the expansion wave around the leading edge, and the tip leakage flow at peak efficiency and near-stall points, are all captured by simulation results, which agree with the experimental data well. An in-depth analysis of three-dimensional flow structures reveals three features: (1) there exists an interface between the incoming main flow and the tip leakage flow, (2) in this rotor the tip leakage flows along the blade chord can be divided into at least two parts according to the blade loading distribution, and (3) each part plays a different role on the stall inception mechanism in the leakage flow dominated region. A model of three-dimensional flow structures of tip leakage flow is thus proposed accordingly. In the second half of this paper, the unsteady features of the tip leakage flows, which emerge at the operating points close to stall, are presented and validated with experiment observations. The numerical results in the rotor relative reference frame are first converted to the casing absolute reference frame before compared with the measurements in experiments. It is found that the main frequency components of simulation at absolute reference frame match well with those measured in the experiments. The mechanism of the unsteadiness and its significance to stability enhancement design are then discussed based on the details of the flow field obtained through numerical simulations.

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