Evaluation of Tensile Strength of Multistrand Conductors—Part I: Theoretical Basis

1998 ◽  
Vol 120 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Lanteigne ◽  
A. Akhtar
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Simple Model ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Rotation Angle ◽  
Tensile Loading ◽  
Total Elongation ◽  
Plastic Behavior ◽  
Permanent Set ◽  
Selection Of

A simple model was developed to predict the plastic behavior of a stranded conductor under tensile loading to fracture. Two cases are considered; the torque transmitted in the case of conductors with fixed extremities and the rotation angle in the case of free rotating conductors. The permanent set caused by bending and torsion during the stranding process associated with conductor fabrication was taken into consideration. The model predicts maximum failing load and total elongation, parameters currently used for design and selection of conductors.

Dynamic Characterization of Brushless DC Motors and Propellers for Flight Applications

2017 ◽  
Vol 05 (03) ◽  
pp. 159-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominic Muzar ◽  
Eric Lanteigne ◽  
Justin McLeod
Keyword(s):  
Simple Model ◽  
Brushless Dc Motor ◽  
Dynamic Characterization ◽  
Brushless Dc Motors ◽  
Brushless Dc ◽  
Dc Motors ◽  
Simple Motor ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Selection Of

Although there exist a number of accurate unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) thruster models, these models require the precise measurements of several motor and propeller characteristics. This paper presents a simple motor and propeller model that relies solely upon data provided by manufacturers. The model is validated by comparing theoretical motor and propeller behavior to experimental results obtained from thrust tests in a wind tunnel. The objective is to provide an accurate yet simple model to facilitate the selection of appropriate brushless DC motor and propeller combinations for flight applications.

scholarly journals Tempering and Austempering of Double Soaked Medium Manganese Steels

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Glover ◽  
John G. Speer ◽  
Emmanuel De Moor
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Ultimate Tensile Strength ◽  
Retained Austenite ◽  
Bainitic Ferrite ◽  
Total Elongation ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Present Contribution ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile Testing ◽  
Manganese Steels

The addition of a tempering or austempering step to the double soaking of a 0.14C–7.17Mn (wt pct) steel was investigated in the present contribution. The double soaking heat treatment is a two-step intercritical annealing heat treatment, which generates microstructures of athermal martensite, retained austenite and ferrite when applied to medium manganese steels. Microstructures following double soaking and (aus)tempering contained a combination of retained austenite, athermal or tempered martensite, and blocky or bainitic ferrite. X-ray diffraction, dilatometry and transmission Kikuchi diffraction were utilized to investigate microstructural changes which occurred during tempering or austempering. The resulting mechanical properties were measured using uniaxial tensile testing. The double soaking plus tempering heat treatment was shown to generate an ultimate tensile strength of 1,340 MPa in combination with 28 pct total elongation while the double soaking plus austempering heat treatment resulted in an ultimate tensile strength of 1,675 MPa and total elongation of 22 pct. Overall, both novel heat treatments produced a combination of strength and ductility desired for the third generation of advanced high strength steels.

scholarly journals Optimisation of process parameters for M.A.G welding of API X70m material to predict tensile strength using Taguchi method

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 1100-1107
Author(s):  
N.S. Akonyi ◽  
O.A. Olugboji ◽  
E.A.P. Egbe ◽  
O. Adedipe ◽  
S.A. Lawal
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Statistical Technique ◽  
Engineering Software ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
Girth Welding ◽  
Welding Processes ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Welding Technique

Girth welded replica of API X70M material have been produced on NG-GMAW welding technique. The particular area of interest is to develop suitable girth welding process parameter using NGGMAW. The major aim of the work was to replicate welds having tensile strength between 650 and 680 MPa. Design of Experiment (DoE) method by Taguchi design, using some selected welding processes was adopted. Two process parameters (factors) – arc voltage and wire feed rate, (the variables), and three levels were used. The resultant joint property on tensile strength of X70M pipeline was examined. The targeted mechanical property was achieved by selecting the best process parameters. Their effects on ultimate tensile strength – UTS was analysed using statistical technique – analysis of variance - ANOVA and Signal to Noise - S/N ratio with ‘thebigger-the–better’ value. Validation was done using MIDAS NFX (an FEA) mechanical engineering software. In conclusion, process parameters that affects or influences the girth welded properties of API X70M under field conditions were identified. Guidance for the specifications and selection of processes that could be used in field-welding for optimum performance has been recommended. Keywords: Optimization, Girth-Weld, Process Parameters, Tensile Strength, NG-GMAW

Comparison of response surface methodology with artificial neural network for prediction of the tensile properties of friction stir-processed surface composites

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440892110368
Author(s):  
Ravi Butola ◽  
Ranganath M. Singari ◽  
Qasim Murtaza ◽  
Lakshay Tyagi
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Artificial Neural Network ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Total Elongation ◽  
Tool Rotational Speed ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Artificial Neural

In the present work, nanoboron carbide is integrated in the aluminum matrix using friction stir processing: by varying process parameters, that is, tool pin profile, tool rotational speed and tool traverse speed, based on Taguchi L16 design of experiment. A self-assembled monolayer is successfully developed on the substrate to homogeneously and uniformly distribute the reinforcement particles. Response surface methodology and artificial neural network models are developed using ultimate tensile strength and total elongation as responses. Percentage absolute error between the experimental and predicted values of ultimate tensile strength and total elongation for the response surface methodology model is 3.537 and 2.865, respectively, and for artificial neural network is 2.788 and 2.578, respectively. For both the developed models experimental and forecasted values are in close approximation. The artificial neural network model showed slightly better predictive capacity compared to the response surface methodology model. From the scanning electron microscopy micrograph, it is evident that throughout the matrix B4C reinforcement particles are well distributed also; with increasing tool rotational speed grain size decreases up to 1200 r/min; on further increasing the tool rotational speed particles starts clustering.

An assessment into mechanical properties and microstructural behavior of TIG welded Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saurabh Dewangan ◽  
Suraj Kumar Mohapatra ◽  
Abhishek Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Hardness Test ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Ti Alloys ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Grade 5 ◽  
Selection Of

PurposeTitanium (Ti) alloys are in high demand in manufacturing industries all over the world. The property like high strength to weight ratio makes Ti alloys highly recommended for aerospace industries. Ti alloys possess good weldability, and therefore, they were extensively investigated with regard to strength and metallurgical properties of welded joint. This study aims to deal with the analysis of strength and microstructural changes in Ti-6Al-4V (Grade 5) alloy after tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding.Design/methodology/approachTwo pair of Ti alloy plates were welded in two different voltages, i.e. 24 and 28 V, with keeping the current constant, i.e. 80 A It was a random selection of current and voltage values to check the performance of welded material. Both the welded plates were undergone through some mechanical property analysis like impact test, tensile test and hardness test. In addition, the microstructure of the welded joints was also analyzed.FindingsIt was found that hardness and tensile properties gets improved with an increment in voltage, but this effect was reverse for impact toughness. A good corroboration between microstructure and mechanical properties, such as tensile strength, hardness and toughness, was reported in this work. Heat distribution in both the welded plates was simulated through ANSYS software to check the temperature contour in the plates.Originality/valueA good corroboration between microstructure and mechanical properties, such as tensile strength, hardness and toughness, was reported in this study.

Nationalism and Ethnic Demands: Some Speculations on a Congenial Note

1977 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 375-389
Author(s):  
Robert Drummond
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Political System ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
A Priori ◽  
The Political ◽  
Type Model ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Empirical Tests ◽  
Selection Of

In an interesting and insightful article published in 1969, James Lightbody has attempted an improvement of the theoretical basis for the study of nationalism among political scientists. He suggests that the historical perspective which has characterized most previous treatments of the subject should be abandoned, and that its replacement should be a model which perceives nationalism as the result of ethnic group demands upon a functioning political system. Lightbody argues that the adoption of this sort of model would permit political scientists to determine the characteristics which distinguish “nationalist” movements from similarly configured “non-nationalist” groups. Further-more one could look beyond the “collective enumeration of the various demands that have been made by various nation-seeking groups and their self-appointed spokesmen” which serve as the focus of concern for those who see nationalism as ideology. One could examine ethnic group demands without rejecting them a priori as unnaturally disruptive, and one could make comparisons between majority and minority expressions of nationalist views. The model is an “ideal-type” model, bordering on formalism, since it abstracts the demands of ethnic groups from other similar group demands made on the political system, but it has been constructed with a view to the selection of data which could provide empirical tests of its usefulness.

Reinforcement of Polymers. I. Tear Resistance of Filled Mixes and Adhesion of Elastomer to Filler as a Function of Duration and Temperature of Elastomer and Filler Contact

1968 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 601-607
Author(s):  
V. G. Raevskii ◽  
S. M. Yagnyatinskaya ◽  
S. N. Episeeva ◽  
S. S. Voyutskii
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Surface Crack ◽  
General Type ◽  
Physicomechanical Properties ◽  
The Other ◽  
Local Defect ◽  
System Components ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Tear Resistance

Abstract In accordance with the concepts being developed by the authors of the present paper, the influence of fillers on the properties of filled systems is determined by adhesion of the polymer to the filler. There are indications of the significance of this factor in many papers dealing with the study of reinforcement. However, they do not advance adhesion as a basic factor which determines reinforcement. This has become possible after the development of a procedure for the evaluation of adhesion of polymers to powdered fillers. This paper lists experimental data on the correlation between the duration and temperature of contact of the elastomer with filler particles on the tear resistance of filled mixes, on one hand, and the time and temperature dependence of the adhesion of the system components to one another, on the other. The selection of tear resistance as a characteristic of the physicomechanical properties of the system is governed by the fact that failure starts, as a rule, from a random local defect. Most frequently this is a small cut or surface crack. For this reason, the assertion of a number of researchers that the operating properties of products are more fully characterized by tear resistance rather than by tensile strength is fully acceptable. Besides, tearing is the most general type of destruction of materials, inasmuch as it takes place during rupture as well as during wear.

FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF FULL-LAYER REPAIR BASED ON IMPROVED ARTICULAR CARTILAGE MODEL

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (08) ◽  
pp. 1940066
Author(s):  
MONAN WANG ◽  
YUANXIN JI ◽  
JIAN WANG ◽  
JUNTONG JING
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Stress Concentration ◽  
Mechanical Behavior ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Clinical Pathology ◽  
Mechanical State ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Selection Of

In this paper, the tangential zone of cartilage is introduced into the fiber-reinforced model of articular cartilage. Considering the distribution content of the main fiber and the secondary fiber in the tangential layer of cartilage, the permeability and fiber stiffness of the layer are set in parallel and perpendicular directions, respectively, to more accurately reflect the mechanical behavior of cartilage. The parameters are set to reflect the mechanical behavior of the cartilage more realistically. We use a modified articular cartilage model to simulate the mechanical properties of implanted cartilage with different elastic modulus. The simulation results show that the selection of implants with different elastic modulus will affect the repair of cartilage. Appropriately increasing the elastic modulus of implanted cartilage, can increase the bearing capacity of the repaired area and reduce the stress concentration at the junction. The elastic modulus of the implant should be moderate, not too large or too small, and the damage of stress concentration on the repair surface should be considered. Through simulation, the mechanical state of the repaired cartilage under pressure can be obtained comprehensively, which provides a theoretical basis for clinical pathology.

scholarly journals Case Study of the Tensile Fracture Investigation of Additive Manufactured Austenitic Stainless Steels Treated at Cryogenic Conditions

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 3328
Author(s):  
Róbert Bidulský ◽  
Jana Bidulská ◽  
Federico Simone Gobber ◽  
Tibor Kvačkaj ◽  
Patrik Petroušek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
Total Elongation ◽  
Tensile Fracture ◽  
Powder Bed ◽  
Stress Relieving ◽  
316L Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Traditional Manufacturing ◽  
Cryogenic Conditions

Additive manufacturing is a key enabling technology in the manufacture of highly complex shapes, having very few geometric limitations compared to traditional manufacturing processes. The present paper aims at investigating mechanical properties at cryogenic temperatures for a 316L austenitic stainless steel, due to the wide possible cryogenic applications such as liquid gas confinement or superconductors. The starting powders have been processed by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) and tested in the as-built conditions and after stress relieving treatments. Mechanical properties at 298, 77 and 4.2 K from tensile testing are presented together with fracture surfaces investigated by field emission scanning electron microscopy. The results show that high tensile strength at cryogenic temperature is characteristic for all samples, with ultimate tensile strength as high as 1246 MPa at 4.2 K and 55% maximum total elongation at 77 K. This study can constitute a solid basis for investigating 316L components by LPBF for specific applications in cryogenic conditions.

Research Regarding Heat Treatment Influence on Properties of Chromic Steel 40H GOST 4543-71(DIN 41Cr4, Gb 40Cr, ASTM 5140) with Quenching in Polymer Solution with Purpose of Matching Tubing Pipes which Used in Oil and Gas Extraction

2018 ◽  
Vol 284 ◽  
pp. 402-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.N. Dzhabbarov ◽  
E.I. Pryakhin ◽  
A.A. Germanov
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Constructional Steel ◽  
Gas Extraction ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
The Right ◽  
Production Tubing ◽  
Selection Of

According to GOST 4543-71, steel 40H refers to the group of chromium steels. It is a low-alloy constructional steel of pearlite class. The paper presents a theoretical and experimental research activity carried out in order to improve the properties of the 40H steel. The results permit the selection of the right heat-treatment parameters that offer the best combination between the yield strength, tensile strength, elongation, necking, impact strength at low temperature and hardness, in order to obtain a better behavior of the material for production tubing pipes in accordance with GOST 633 Tubing pipes and couplings for them, for strength group M and L.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document