Simulations of Process-Induced Warpage During IC Encapsulation Process

2006 ◽  
Vol 129 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiang-Yu Teng ◽  
Sheng-Jye Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Expansion ◽  
Integrated Circuit ◽  
Opposite Sign ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Low Profile ◽  
Quad Flat Package ◽  
Encapsulation Process

Warpage during integrated circuit encapsulation process is a serious problem. Previous researchers had focused on warpage analysis with thermal-induced shrinkage and the cure-induced shrinkage was neglected. A new approach considering both cure- and thermal-induced shrinkage during encapsulation process was presented to predict the amount of warpage. The cure-induced shrinkage was described by the pressure-volume-temperature-cure (P-V-T-C) equation of epoxy. The thermal-induced shrinkage was described by the coefficients of thermal expansion of the component materials. The thin small outline package (TSOP) DBS-27P and low-profile quad flat package (LQFP) LQFP-64, which were manufactured by Philips Semiconductor located in Taiwan and Siliconware Precision Industries Corporation, respectively, were chosen to be the simulation models. By comparing the amount of predicted warpage with the experimental results, it showed that the approach could better predict the amount of warpage than that considering only thermal-induced shrinkage. It was also found that the sign of cure-induced warpage could be opposite to the thermal-induced warpage. Appropriate design of a package to make cure- and thermal-induced shrinkage to be of opposite sign could minimize the warpage of a package.

scholarly journals MODIFIKASI MESIN TRIM FORM PADA PROSES PENGEMASAN INTEGRATED CIRCUIT UNTUK PENURUNAN DAMAGED LEAD

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-40
Author(s):  
Nur Sakinah Asaad ◽  
Purwanto Purwanto
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuit ◽  
Lead Frame ◽  
Low Profile ◽  
Quad Flat Package ◽  
Pick And Place

Proses pengemasan Integrated Circuit (IC) pada kemasan Low Profile Quad Flat Package (LQFP) membutuhkan mesin trim form untuk pemotongan dambar dan pembentukan kaki IC sebelum dipisahkan dari lead frame. Salah satu urutan proses pada mesin trim form adalah offload yaitu penempatan IC ke dalam tray dengan modul pick and place termasuk didalamnya turn table dengan pergerakan buka tutup untuk menyesuaikan jarak antar kolom dari leadframe sebelum dipindahkan ke tray. Pergerakan buka tutup dari turn table ini berpengaruh terhadap cacat produksi damaged lead. Modifikasi ditujukan untuk deteksi dini misalignment sehingga mesin dapat berhenti otomatis dan mengurangi cacat produksi melalui penambahan dua sensor proximity pada turn table. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penurunan error pada turn table sebesar 88% dan assembly yield mencapai 99.985% atau terjadi peningkatan sebesar 0.07%.

Automatic Determination of Optimal FIB Operations for Improved Circuit Probing and Fast Reconfiguration

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romain Desplats ◽  
Timothee Dargnies ◽  
Jean-Christophe Courrege ◽  
Philippe Perdu ◽  
Jean-Louis Noullet
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuit ◽  
Focused Ion Beam ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Semiconductor Devices ◽  
Front Side ◽  
Automatic Determination ◽  
Metal Line ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Metal Layers

Abstract Focused Ion Beam (FIB) tools are widely used for Integrated Circuit (IC) debug and repair. With the increasing density of recent semiconductor devices, FIB operations are increasingly challenged, requiring access through 4 or more metal layers to reach a metal line of interest. In some cases, accessibility from the front side, through these metal layers, is so limited that backside FIB operations appear to be the most appropriate approach. The questions to be resolved before starting frontside or backside FIB operations on a device are: 1. Is it do-able, are the metal lines accessible? 2. What is the optimal positioning (e.g. accessing a metal 2 line is much faster and easier than digging down to a metal 6 line)? (for the backside) 3. What risk, time and cost are involved in FIB operations? In this paper, we will present a new approach, which allows the FIB user or designer to calculate the optimal FIB operation for debug and IC repair. It automatically selects the fastest and easiest milling and deposition FIB operations.

Yaw Galloping of a TLWP Platform Under High Speed Currents by Analytical Methods and its Comparison With Experimental Results

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Lamas ◽  
Miguel A. M. Ramirez ◽  
Antonio Carlos Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Analytical Methodology ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Laboratory Facilities ◽  
Polynomial Curve ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd ◽  
Cfd Analyses

Flow Induced Motions are always an important subject during both design and operational phases of an offshore platform life. These motions could significantly affect the performance of the platform, including its mooring and oil production systems. These kind of analyses are performed using basically two different approaches: experimental tests with reduced models and, more recently, with Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) dynamic analysis. The main objective of this work is to present a new approach, based on an analytical methodology using static CFD analyses to estimate the response on yaw motions of a Tension Leg Wellhead Platform on one of the several types of motions that can be classified as flow-induced motions, known as galloping. The first step is to review the equations that govern the yaw motions of an ocean platform when subjected to currents from different angles of attack. The yaw moment coefficients will be obtained using CFD steady-state analysis, on which the yaw moments will be calculated for several angles of attack, placed around the central angle where the analysis is being carried out. Having the force coefficients plotted against the angle values, we can adjust a polynomial curve around each analysis point in order to evaluate the amplitude of the yaw motion using a limit cycle approach. Other properties of the system which are flow-dependent, such as damping and added mass, will also be estimated using CFD. The last part of this work consists in comparing the analytical results with experimental results obtained at the LOC/COPPE-UFRJ laboratory facilities.

Novel fractional hybrid impedance control of series elastic muscle-tendon actuator

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Javad Fotuhi ◽  
Zafer Bingul
Keyword(s):  
Contact Stress ◽  
Impedance Control ◽  
Robustness Analysis ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Uncertain Environments ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Force Tracking ◽  
Comparative Results ◽  
Series Elastic

Purpose This paper aims to develope a novel fractional hybrid impedance control (FHIC) approach for high-sensitive contact stress force tracking control of the series elastic muscle-tendon actuator (SEM-TA) in uncertain environments. Design/methodology/approach In three different cases, the fractional parameters of the FHIC were optimized with the particle swarm optimization algorithm. Its adaptability to the pressure of the sole of the foot on real environments such as grass (soft), carpet (medium) and solid floors (hard) is far superior to traditional impedance control. The main aim of this paper is to derive the dynamic simulation models of the SEM-TA, to develop a control architecture allowing for high-sensitive contact stress force control in three cases and to verify the simulation models and the proposed controller with experimental results. The performance of the optimized controllers was evaluated according to these parameters, namely, maximum overshoot, steady-state error, settling time and root mean squared errors of the positions. Moreover, the frequency robustness analysis of the controllers was made in three cases. Findings Different simulations and experimental results were conducted to verify the control performance of the controllers. According to the comparative results of the performance, the responses of the proposed controller in simulation and experimental works are very similar. Originality/value Origin approach and origin experiment.

Dämpfungsschlitze in Kreissägeblättern*/Parametric FE analysis to identify the mode of action of damping slots in circular saw blades

2015 ◽  
Vol 105 (01-02) ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
C. Birenbaum ◽  
U. Heisel ◽  
S. Weiland
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Thermal Expansion ◽  
Analytical Approach ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Fe Analysis ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Annular Plates ◽  
Circular Saw ◽  
Characteristic Modes ◽  
The Relationship

In Kreissägeblättern werden zur Verminderung von Schwingungen und zum Ausgleich thermischer Dehnungen sogenannte Dehnungs- und Dämpfungsschlitze eingebracht. Die Wirkungsweise der Schlitze auf die dynamischen Eigenschaften besteht einerseits in der Dämpfungswirkung sowie andererseits in der Modifikation der Schwingungseigenformen. Um Wirkmechanismen und Optimierungsmöglichkeiten zu identifizieren, werden in den hier vorgestellten Untersuchungen mithilfe der Finiten-Elemente-Methode (FEM) Analysen von Kreisscheiben mit einfachen Schlitzkonfigurationen durchgeführt. Hierdurch sollen Zusammenhänge einzelner Schlitzparameter mit den statischen und dynamischen Eigenschaften von Kreissägeblättern aufgezeigt werden. Zur Validierung des entwickelten Simulationsmodells dienen analytische Berechnungen.   To reduce vibrations and adjust for thermal expansion, so-called damping slots and expansion slots are applied to circular saw blades. The slots affect the dynamic behavior of the saw blades by damping the vibration and altering the characteristic modes and frequencies. An FE(Finite Element) analysis of annular plates with simple arrangements of damping and expansion slots is performed to identify the mechanisms and improvement opportunities. This allows determining the relationship between slot parameters and the static and dynamic qualities of circular saw blades. The developed simulation models are validated using an analytical approach.

Prediction of soot formation rates: a new approach

1974 ◽  
Vol 338 (1614) ◽  
pp. 375-396 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Soot Formation ◽  
Rocket Engine ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Intermediate Species ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Fundamental Model ◽  
Gas Reactions ◽  
Gaseous Hydrocarbons ◽  
Controlling Processes ◽  
Exhaust Jet

Five processes controlling the production of soot from gaseous hydrocarbons are distinguished: gas reactions producing radical fragments on which nucleation may begin; nucleation; coagulation; growth; and oxidation. A fundamental model capable of taking into account all these processes is described. The model is applied to the conditions of a practical rocket engine, in which production of soot in the exhaust jet is governed by the rate of pyrolysis of methane in the chamber. Predictions made for these conditions agree with experimental results. The rate controlling processes and key intermediate species are identified.

A New Approach for Autonomous Robot Obstacle Avoidance Using PSD Infrared Sensor Combined with Digital Compass

2014 ◽  
Vol 511-512 ◽  
pp. 101-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Xue ◽  
Jun Tao Yang ◽  
Ya Ling Dong ◽  
Jia Li Shen ◽  
Ru Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Robots ◽  
Obstacle Avoidance ◽  
Autonomous Robot ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Position Sensitive Detector ◽  
Infrared Sensor ◽  
Sensitive Detector ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Position Sensitive

This paper presents a new approach for obstacle avoidance of small mobile robots, which combine the position sensitive detector (PSD) with digital compass. It is important for an autonomous robot to explore its surroundings in performing the task of localization and navigation for searching. Because of the complexity of the environment, one simple kind of sensors is not sufficient for robot to accomplish these tasks. In this paper, the small mobile robots are enabled to identify barriers and distinguish surroundings by using the angle signal from the digital compass which is generally mounted on the robot. Experimental results indicate that this approach based on digital compass shows great potential in autonomous robot obstacle avoidance.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document