scholarly journals Search for bioindicators of pollution in the Guanabara Bay: integrations of ecologic patterns

2003 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 25-35
Author(s):  
Claudia G. Vilela ◽  
Antonio E. S. Sanjinés ◽  
Renato O. Ghiselli Jr ◽  
João G. Mendonça Filho ◽  
José A. Baptista Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Region ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Anthropogenic Pollution ◽  
Guanabara Bay ◽  
Human Occupation ◽  
The North ◽  
Abundance And Diversity ◽  
Very High

Guanabara Bay, since its discovery, has largely changed with the human occupation causing large amounts of deposited sediment and waste, as well as domestic and industry sewage. Surface sediment was analysed for foraminifera and ostracoda distribution, diversity and dominance studies. These results were compared with TOC analyses aiming the determination of pollution bioindicators. In general, foraminifera dominant species were Ammonia tepida, Buliminella elegantissima and Quinqueloculina seminulum. The foraminifera assemblages presented distinct abundance and diversity values in different regions of the bay. The diversity was higher in the entrance (south) and in the central region than in the north region of the bay. The dominant species, that are characteristic of stressed environments, presented higher values of abundance in the north region. The TOC values increased from south to north regions, and were inversely proportional to foraminifera diversity. The very high TOC values in very polluted areas suggest sediment deposition in anoxic-dysoxic environment. The ostracoda Gen. Cyprideis was dominant and its occurrence increased from south to north region. Occurrence of Callistocythere sigmocostata, Xestoleberis sp., Aurila sp., and Paracypris sp. were restricted to the entrance and central area, indicating a preference for less restricted conditions, like marine conditions. Foraminifera and ostracoda characteristic responses to the environment conditions related high TOC values showed their importance as bioindicators of stressed environments caused by anthropogenic pollution, in the Guanabara Bay.

scholarly journals Foraminíferos bentônicos em sedimentos de fundo da lagoa de Maricá, Estado do Rio de Janeiro

2010 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-19
Author(s):  
Clarissa Da Silva Bomfim ◽  
Claudia Gutterres Vilela ◽  
Daniel Coré Guedes
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Anthropogenic Pollution ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Guanabara Bay ◽  
Human Occupation ◽  
Environment Control ◽  
Região Dos Lagos ◽  
Efficient Environment ◽  
Foraminíferos Bentónicos

A study of benthic foraminifera was carried out on sediments from the bottom of Maricá lagoon located in the Região dos Lagos, state of Rio de Janeiro. This region is suffering with disordered human occupation and there has been an increase in the occupation rates and several projects for tourist resorts in the area. The response of the foraminifera to such activities was important for the ecological characterization. The laboratory treatment of the samples followed the specific methodology for foraminifera. The dominant species were Miliammina fusca and Miliammina spp., followed by Haplophragmoides spp., Trochammina inflata, Trochammina spp, Ammobaculites dilatatus and Arenoparrella mexicana. Those species have agglutinated tests that characterize paralic environments with low energy and salinity variations, in coastal regions. A comparative study with the Guanabara Bay showed distinct assemblages and distinct environments. In spite of the anthropogenic pollution influence in the lagoon, that pollution has not reached critical levels, and this response could suggest an efficient environment control by public policies to preserve the ecosystem.

scholarly journals Torrential Flood Water Management: Rainwater Harvesting through Relation Based Dam Suitability Analysis and Quantification of Erosion Potential

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Bilal Ahmad Munir ◽  
Sajid Rashid Ahmad ◽  
Raja Rehan
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Suitability Analysis ◽  
Valley Bottom ◽  
The North ◽  
Roughness Index ◽  
Dam Site ◽  
Very High

In this study, a relation-based dam suitability analysis (RDSA) technique is developed to identify the most suitable sites for dams. The methodology focused on a group of the most important parameters/indicators (stream order, terrain roughness index, slope, multiresolution valley bottom flatness index, closed depression, valley depth, and downslope gradient difference) and their relation to the dam wall and reservoir suitability. Quantitative assessment results in an elevation-area-capacity (EAC) curve substantiating the capacity determination of selected sites. The methodology also incorporates the estimation of soil erosion (SE) using the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) model and sediment yield at the selected dam sites. The RDSA technique identifies two suitable dam sites (A and B) with a maximum collective capacity of approximately 1202 million m3. The RDSA technique was validated with the existing dam, Gomal-Zam, in the north of Sanghar catchment, where RDSA classified the Gomal-Zam Dam in a very high suitability class. The SE estimates show an average of 75 t-ha−1y−1 of soil loss occurs in the study area. The result shows approximately 298,073 and 318,000 tons of annual average sediment yield (SY) will feed the dam A and B respectively. The SE-based sediment yield substantiates the approximate life of Dam-A and Dam-B to be 87 and 90 years, respectively. The approach is dynamic and can be applied for any other location globally for dam site selection and SE estimation.

scholarly journals Avaliação da poluição antrópica usando padrão de distribuição de espécies de foraminíferos provenientes de testemunhos da baía de Guanabara, RJ

2007 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-157
Author(s):  
Brígida Orioli Figueira ◽  
Claudia Gutterres Vilela ◽  
José Antônio Baptista Neto
Keyword(s):  
Dominant Species ◽  
Ecological Study ◽  
Anthropogenic Impacts ◽  
Sediment Accumulation ◽  
Anthropogenic Pollution ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Guanabara Bay ◽  
Accumulation Rates ◽  
Environmental Evolution

This work presents a study of benthic foraminifera recovered from three cores collected near the Paquetá island, in the Guanabara bay, Rio de Janeiro, southeastern Brazil. The cores have different sizes and were subsampled in centimetric intervals. The recovered benthic foraminiferal assemblages were thoroughly identified, in order to carry out an ecological study towards reconstructing the environmental evolution of the studied area during the recent historical period and assessing the response of the foraminiferal assemblages to the locally occurring natural and/or anthropogenic impacts. The microfaunal distribution results were correlated with the sedimentological and TOC (Total Organic Carbon) data to understand the environmental trends and evaluate the varying patterns of human-related pollution in the area. 14C isotopic date was taken at the bottom of one core, to help for the local sediment accumulation rates. Species diversity values were low in all samples, whereas the TOC values were commonly high, increasing dramatically upwards across the cores. The dominant species in that area of the Guanabara bay were Ammonia tepida, Elphidium spp. and Buliminella elegantissima. Patterns of the distributions of these species confirm the influence of the anthropogenic pollution toward the top of the cores.

The Use of AHP and GIS methods for zoning of flood prone areas in the North Medan region

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-82
Author(s):  
Novrizal Ardian Saputra ◽  
A. Perwira Mulia Tarigan ◽  
Ahmad Bima Nusa
Keyword(s):  
Integration Method ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Flood Hazard ◽  
Tidal Flooding ◽  
The North ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Gis Methods ◽  
Target Determination ◽  
Very High

Tidal floods that occur in the North Medan area due to overflowing of sea water when the tide enters the land, both directly and through river floods. The land area affected by tidal floods is getting wider and wider, so there needs to be an analysis of the level of vulnerability of tidal flooding so that the handling and prevention efforts can be on target. Determination of zonation with the level of tidal flood hazard involves various criteria, for this reason the AHP and GIS integration method is used to make rational decisions from several criteria and draw them on a zoning map. The results obtained in the North Medan area showed that 30.91 ha (0.33%) had very high levels, 1,515.98 ha (16.09%) had high levels, 4,411.92 ha (46.83%) had moderate levels, 3,176.83 ha (33.72%) had low levels, 284.81 ha (3.02%) had very low levels of vulnerability to tidal flooding.

ON THE STRATIFICATION OF THE EARTH’S CRUST ACCORDING TO SEISMIC STUDIES OF A LARGE EXPLOSION AND OF EARTHQUAKES

Geophysics ◽  
1949 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Mintrop
Keyword(s):  
Melting Point ◽  
Gravity Anomalies ◽  
Plastic Layer ◽  
Deflections Of The Vertical ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Different Depths ◽  
Natural Earthquakes ◽  
Very High

The analysis of the seismograms of an explosion of 4,000 tons (about 10 million pounds) of munitions piled up in tunnels 50 feet below the surface of the rocky island of Heligoland in the North Sea near Hamburg, Germany, and of a great number of natural earthquakes, especially the disastrous shock at Messina (Italy) led to the discovery of a number of formations unknown heretofore down to a depth of several hundred kilometers. At depths from 110 to 118 km a plastic layer occurs which seems to represent a belt around the globe. At a depth of 183 km the melting point of a material with very high wave‐velocity is reached. These findings are in accordance with the determination of the depth of Isostatic Surface by Hayford and Helmert (both in 1909) from deflections of the vertical and/or from gravity anomalies (113 and 118 km, respectively). Qualitatively, the results are also in accordance with the assumption of Gutenberg and Richter, based on the measurement of the amplitudes of the first recorded waves from numerous earthquakes with different epicenter distances and with different depths, that at a depth of 80 to 100 km the melting point of the material has been reached.

Preliminary results of the study on the reasons of the Hai Hau erosion phenomenon

2007 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 415-426
Author(s):  
Pham Van Ninh ◽  
Phan Ngoc Vinh ◽  
Nguyen Manh Hung ◽  
Dinh Van Manh
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
Red River ◽  
Erosion Process ◽  
Red River Delta ◽  
The North ◽  
Severe Erosion ◽  
North And South ◽  
Very High

Overall the evolution process of the Red River Delta based on the maps and historical data resulted in a fact that before the 20th century all the Nam Dinh coastline was attributed to accumulation. Then started the erosion process at Xuan Thuydistrict and from the period of 1935 - 1965 the most severe erosion was contributed in the stretch from Ha Lan to Hai Trieu, 1965 - 1990 in Hai Chinh - Hai Hoa, 1990 - 2005 in the middle part of Hai Chinh - Hai Thinh (Hai Hau district). The adjoining stretches were suffered from not severe erosion. At the same time, the Ba Lat mouth is advanced to the sea and to the North and South direction by the time with a very high rate.The first task of the mathematical modeling of coastal line evolution of Hai Hau is to evaluate this important historical marked periods e. g. to model the coastal line at the periods before 1900, 1935 - 1965; 1965 - 1990; 1990 - 2005. The tasks is very complicated and time and working labors consuming.In the paper, the primarily results of the above mentioned simulations (as waves, currents, sediments transports and bottom - coastal lines evolution) has been shown. Based on the obtained results, there is a strong correlation between the protrusion magnitude and the southward moving of the erosion areas.

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