Experimental Study on Friction and Wear Behaviors of Ball Bearings under Gas Lubricated Conditions

2014 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Fadzli Abdollah ◽  
Mohd Afiq Azfar Mazlan ◽  
Hilmi Amiruddin ◽  
Noreffendy Tamaldin
Keyword(s):  
Wear Rate ◽  
Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Applied Load ◽  
Specific Wear Rate ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Ball Bearings ◽  
Sliding Speed ◽  
Air Lubrication ◽  
Sliding Distance

Friction and wear behaviors of ball bearings made from carbon-chrome steel were experimentally simulated using a modified ball-on-disc tribometer. The test was performed over a broad range of applied loads (W), sliding velocities (v) and sliding distances (L) under gas lubricated conditions using a Taguchi method. The results found that gas blown to the sliding surfaces in air effectively reduced the coefficient of friction as compared with the air lubrication at higher applied load, sliding speed and sliding distance. In addition, a specific wear rate is constant throughout the tests under gas lubricated conditions. However, under air lubrication, the specific wear rate decreases with increasing applied load, sliding speed and sliding distance. By using the optimal design parameters, a confirmation test successfully verify the N2-gas lubrication reduced average coefficient of friction and simultaneously improved wear resistance about 24% and 50%, respectively. This is in accordance with a significant reduction of wear scar diameter and smoother worn surface on a ball.

Effect of Micro-Size Cenosphere Content on Friction and Dry Sliding Wear Behavior of Vinylester Composites – A Taguchi Method

2012 ◽  
Vol 585 ◽  
pp. 569-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.R. Chauhan ◽  
Sunil Thakur
Keyword(s):  
Wear Rate ◽  
Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Sliding Wear ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Normal Load ◽  
Dry Sliding ◽  
Sliding Speed ◽  
Applied Normal Load ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Sliding Distance

In this paper the friction and wear characteristics of vinylester and vinylester composites have been investigated under dry sliding conditions for different applied normal load, sliding speed and sliding distance. The experiments have been carried on a pin on disc arrangement at normal room temperature conditions. The influence of friction and wear parameters like normal load, speed, sliding distance and percentage of filler content on the friction and wear rate has been investigated. In this study, a plan of experiments based on the techniques of Taguchi was performed to acquire data in a controlled way. An orthogonal array L27 (313) and Analysis of variance (ANOVA) were applied to investigate the influence of process parameters on the coefficient of friction and sliding wear behaviour of these composites. The Taguchi design of experiment approach eliminates the need for repeated experiments and thus saves time, material and cost. The results showed that with increase in the applied normal load and sliding speed the coefficient of friction and specific wear rate decreases under dry sliding conditions. It is also found that a thin film formed on the counterface seems to be effective in improving the tribological characteristics. The results showed that the inclusion of cenosphere as filler materials in vinylester composites will increase the wear resistance of the composite significantly.

Mathematical Model to Evaluate Wear Rate of Graphite as Sealing Materials

2013 ◽  
Vol 871 ◽  
pp. 200-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeon Wook Kim ◽  
Jae Hoon Kim ◽  
Bo Hwi Seo ◽  
Hoon Seok Choi ◽  
Sung Han Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Wear Rate ◽  
Applied Load ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Specific Wear Rate ◽  
Dry Sliding Wear ◽  
Sliding Speed ◽  
Sealing Material

The dry sliding wear behavior of graphite (HK-6) that is used as the sealing material to cut off hot gas was evaluated as a function of applied load, sliding speed and temperature. The reciprocating wear tests were carried out at room temperature and elevated temperatures. An attempt has been made to develop a mathematical model by response surface methodology (RSM) and an analysis of variance (ANOVA) technique was applied to confirm the validity of the developed model. Also, the effect of applied load, sliding speed and temperature on wear the behavior of graphite was investigated. The wear mechanism was compared through the observation of the worn surface by SEM analysis. The specific wear rate was dependent on the interaction between temperature, applied load and sliding speed. A developed model can be used to effectively predict the specific wear rate of graphite as a sealing material within the range of variables studied.

The Mechanical Properties and Friction and Wear Behavior of C/C-SIC

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gao Wen ◽  
Chongsheng Long ◽  
Tang Rui ◽  
Jiping Wang
Keyword(s):  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Wear Rate ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Normal Load ◽  
Carbon Matrix ◽  
Specific Wear Rate ◽  
Sliding Speed ◽  
Wear Rates ◽  
Sic Composites

Carbon fiber reinforced carbon-silicon carbide composites (C/C-SiC) were prepared by chemical volume infiltration (CVI) method and reaction melt infiltration (RMI) technique of silicon liquid to carbon reinforce carbon matrix composites. The friction and wear behaviors of C/C-SiC composites at various loads and sliding speeds were investigated by MRH-3 block-on-ring tribometer at room temperature under water lubricating conditions. Furthermore, the morphologies, phase of the worn surface and the debris were observed, examined and analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis (EDAX) respectively. Experimental results showed that the C/C-SiC composites had a better wear resistence, and the friction coefficient under water lubricated conditions is about 0.02–0.06. The influence of sliding speed on the friction coefficients and the specific wear rate of C/C-SiC is more obvious than that of normal load when the load is less than 200N (inclueded200N). The friction coefficient and the specific wear rate of C/C-SiC decreased as the sliding velocity increased. At the sliding speed higher than 2m/s, the friction coefficient is less than 0.02. The specific wear rates is at a low level about (2×10−7mm3/Nm–5×10−8mm3/Nm).

Polyamide 6/Polyurethane/Graphite Composites Prepared by Anionic Polymerization Process. II. Friction and Wear

2012 ◽  
Vol 532-533 ◽  
pp. 30-34
Author(s):  
Xin Deng ◽  
Du Xin Li ◽  
Jin Wang ◽  
Jun Yang
Keyword(s):  
Wear Rate ◽  
Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Anionic Polymerization ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Polyamide 6 ◽  
Chromium Steel ◽  
Polymerization Process ◽  
Sliding Speed ◽  
Graphite Composites ◽  
Electronic Microscope

Polyamide 6-polyurethane (PA6-PU) block copolymers filled with graphite particles were prepared by anionic polymerization process. The friction and wear experiments were conducted using a UMT-3 machine with the chromium steel ball sliding on surface of the composites at high sliding speeds of 500rpm, 1000rpm and 1500rpm and loads of 78.5N and 157N. With adding of graphite, coefficient of friction and wear rate values of the composites decreased firstly, and then increased. And the influence of the applied load and sliding speed on tribological properties of the composites was explored in this study. The results showed coefficient of friction and wear rate values increased with the increasing of load. Coefficient of friction decreased and wear rate values increased with increasing of sliding speed. Microstructure of wear surface of the tested composites was inspected by scanning electronic microscope(SEM) and wear mechanism of the composites was studied.

Optimization of tribological properties of aluminum hybrid composites using Taguchi design

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (17) ◽  
pp. 2505-2515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Veličković ◽  
Blaža Stojanović ◽  
Miroslav Babić ◽  
Ilija Bobić
Keyword(s):  
Wear Rate ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Aluminum Matrix ◽  
Taguchi Design ◽  
Specific Wear Rate ◽  
Aluminum Matrix Composites ◽  
Sliding Speed ◽  
Weight Percentage ◽  
Sliding Distance

This paper analyses the influence of graphite reinforcement, load and sliding speed with constant sliding distance on tribological behavior of A356 aluminum matrix composites reinforced with 10 wt.% silicon carbide and graphite using the Taguchi design. Hybrid composites were produced in the compo-casting process. Tribological tests were performed on a block-on-disc tribometer where the weight percentage of graphite has three variations (0, 3, and 5), as well as load (10 N, 20 N, and 30 N) and sliding speed (0.25 m/s, 0.5 m/s, and 1 m/s), with sliding distance of 300 m. The wear of the composite is investigated under dry sliding condition. The specific wear rate was analyzed using Taguchi method with the aim of finding the optimal parameters. By applying analysis of variance, it was determined that the best tribological properties has A356/10SiC/3Gr hybrid composite. It was also found that the greatest impact on specific wear rate has load with the percentage effect of 69.163%, then sliding speed with 14.426% and the interaction between wt.% graphite and load. The dominant wear mechanism is adhesive wear as confirmed by scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS).

scholarly journals Friction and Wear Performance of Staple Carbon Fabric-Reinforced Composites: Effects of Surface Topography

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang-Mou Wu ◽  
Yi-Ching Cheng ◽  
Wen-You Lai ◽  
Po-Hsun Chen ◽  
Tzong-Der Way
Keyword(s):  
Wear Rate ◽  
Surface Topography ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Applied Pressure ◽  
Specific Wear Rate ◽  
Test Machine ◽  
Carbon Fabric ◽  
Sliding Speed ◽  
Resin Impregnation

Here, staple carbon fiber fabric-reinforced polycarbonate (PC)- and epoxy (EP)-based composites with different impregnating resin levels were fabricated using a modified film stacking process. The effects of surface topographies and resin types on the tribological properties of stable carbon fabric composites (sCFC) were investigated. Friction and wear tests on the carbon composites were conducted under unlubricated sliding using a disk-on-disk wear test machine. Experimental results showed that the coefficient of friction (COF) of the sCFC was dominated by matrix type, followed by peak material portion (Smr1) values, and finalized with core height (Sk) values. The COF of composites decreased by increasing the sliding speed and applied pressure. This also relied on surface topography and temperature generated at the worn surface. However, the specific wear rate was strongly affected by resin impregnation. Partially-impregnated composites showed lower specific wear rate, whereas fully-impregnated composites showed a higher wear rate. This substantially increased by increasing the sliding speed and applied pressure. Scanning electron microscopy observations of the worn surfaces revealed that the primary wear mechanisms were abrasion, adhesion, and fatigue for PC-based composites. For EP-based composites, this was primarily abrasion and fatigue. Results proved that partially-impregnated composites exhibited better tribological properties under severe conditions.

Friction and Wear Behaviors of Si3N4 Sliding against M50 Bearing Steel in Vacuum

2010 ◽  
Vol 97-101 ◽  
pp. 1681-1684 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Xing Tong ◽  
Li Qin Wang ◽  
Le Gu
Keyword(s):  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Wear Rate ◽  
Critical Load ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Applied Load ◽  
High Vacuum ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Bearing Steel ◽  
Specific Wear Rate ◽  
Si3n4 Ceramics

The friction and wear performances of Si3N4 ceramics sliding against bearing steel and to find optimal operating condition against M50 bearing steel couples under high vacuum surroundings were investigated. The tests were studied on the ball-disk machine under different loads and steady sliding velocity. The worn surfaces of tested samples were examined using optical microscope，SEM and XPS. The results showed that the friction coefficient of Si3N4 was decided by the applied load, the critical load of Si3N4’ friction coefficient was 10N applied load; The critical load of Si3N4’ specific wear rate was 5N applied load, the specific wear rate of Si3N4 drop rapidly as the applied load exceeded the critical load; The dominant wear mechanisms of Si3N4 ceramics were adhesion wear, brittle facture and furrow wear in vacuum.

Effect of Linear Sliding Speed on Wear Behavior of Al2O3/TiC Ceramic Composite and Diamond Slicing Blade

2014 ◽  
Vol 1025-1026 ◽  
pp. 292-297
Author(s):  
Witsarut Penglao ◽  
Luangvaranunt Tachai ◽  
Boonrat Lohwongwatana
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Wear Rate ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Specific Wear Rate ◽  
Initial State ◽  
Sliding Speed ◽  
Pin On Disk ◽  
Worn Surface ◽  
Sliding Distance

Pin-on-disk technique was used as a tool to study the tribological properties of contacting surfaces of alumina-titanium carbide composite material and diamond slicing blade. Conditions for testing are linear sliding speed between 0.2 and 0.4 m/s under applied load of 10 N and sliding distance up to 5000 m. The physical properties of both specimens which are mass loss, surface roughness and morphology of worn surface are investigated. The effect of linear sliding speed is analyzed in term of friction coefficient, surface roughness, and specific wear rate. It was found that, at initial state of wear, when sliding distant is less than 1000 m, the wear is severe, as seen by high values of specific wear rate and large fluctuation of friction coefficient. Worn surface of AlTiC is rougher than as-received condition. For a longer sliding distant, milder abrasion is found, as seen by the lower specific wear rate, and less fluctuation of friction coefficient, which produces worn AlTiC surface which is smoother than the as-received condition.

Tribological Behavior of Short Sisal Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Composite

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hari Om Maurya ◽  
Kanishka Jha ◽  
Y.K. Tyagi
Keyword(s):  
Wear Rate ◽  
Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Specific Wear Rate ◽  
Synthetic Fiber ◽  
Sisal Fiber ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Sliding Distance ◽  
Day By Day

Environment is being polluted day by day due to intensive use of synthetic fiber as reinforcement for polymer composite. The researchers, engineers and scientists are showing their interest in natural fiber as reinforcement in place of synthetic fiber due to its green nature. In this work, short sisal fiber reinforced epoxy composites were manufactured by hand lay-up method at 30% wt. of fiber loading and fiber length used was 10 mm. The parameters taken were load, speed and sliding distance. Load was taken as 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 N, Sliding speed as 1 m/s, 2 m/s and 3 m/s and Sliding distance as 1000 m, 2000 m and 3000 m. The wear properties (specific wear rate and coefficient of friction) of prepared composites are carried out. All tests are performed as per ASTM standard. On increasing the load, sliding velocity and sliding distance, the specific wear rate is found to increase whereas value of coefficient of friction decrease.

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