scholarly journals MSH1 maintains organelle genome stability and genetically interacts with RECA and RECG in the moss Physcomitrella patens

2017 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 455-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaki Odahara ◽  
Yoshihito Kishita ◽  
Yasuhiko Sekine
Keyword(s):  
Genome Stability ◽  
Physcomitrella Patens ◽  
Organelle Genome

scholarly journals Factors Affecting Organelle Genome Stability in Physcomitrella patens

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaki Odahara
Keyword(s):  
Genome Stability ◽  
Physcomitrella Patens ◽  
Genome Structure ◽  
Land Plant ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Organelle Genome ◽  
Organelle Genomes ◽  
Recombination Repair ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Bacterial Type

Organelle genomes are essential for plants; however, the mechanisms underlying the maintenance of organelle genomes are incompletely understood. Using the basal land plant Physcomitrella patens as a model, nuclear-encoded homologs of bacterial-type homologous recombination repair (HRR) factors have been shown to play an important role in the maintenance of organelle genome stability by suppressing recombination between short dispersed repeats. In this review, I summarize the factors and pathways involved in the maintenance of genome stability, as well as the repeats that cause genomic instability in organelles in P. patens, and compare them with findings in other plant species. I also discuss the relationship between HRR factors and organelle genome structure from the evolutionary standpoint.

Short-range inversions: Rethinking organelle genome stability

BioEssays ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (10) ◽  
pp. 1086-1094 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Tremblay-Belzile ◽  
Étienne Lepage ◽  
Éric Zampini ◽  
Normand Brisson
Keyword(s):  
Genome Stability ◽  
Short Range ◽  
Organelle Genome

scholarly journals The Importance of ATM and ATR in Physcomitrella patens DNA Damage Repair, Development, and Gene Targeting

Genes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 752
Author(s):  
Martin Martens ◽  
Ralf Horres ◽  
Edelgard Wendeler ◽  
Bernd Reiss
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Gene Targeting ◽  
Genome Stability ◽  
Physcomitrella Patens ◽  
Dna Damage Repair ◽  
Transcriptional Response ◽  
Vegetative Development ◽  
Dsb Repair ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Damage Repair

Coordinated by ataxia-telangiectasia-mutated (ATM) and ATM and Rad3-related (ATR), two highly conserved kinases, DNA damage repair ensures genome integrity and survival in all organisms. The Arabidopsis thaliana (A. thaliana) orthologues are well characterized and exhibit typical mammalian characteristics. We mutated the Physcomitrella patens (P. patens) PpATM and PpATR genes by deleting functionally important domains using gene targeting. Both mutants showed growth abnormalities, indicating that these genes, particularly PpATR, are important for normal vegetative development. ATR was also required for repair of both direct and replication-coupled double-strand breaks (DSBs) and dominated the transcriptional response to direct DSBs, whereas ATM was far less important, as shown by assays assessing resistance to DSB induction and SuperSAGE-based transcriptomics focused on DNA damage repair genes. These characteristics differed significantly from the A. thaliana genes but resembled those in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). PpATR was not important for gene targeting, pointing to differences in the regulation of gene targeting and direct DSB repair. Our analysis suggests that ATM and ATR functions can be substantially diverged between plants. The differences in ATM and ATR reflect the differences in DSB repair pathway choices between A. thaliana and P. patens, suggesting that they represent adaptations to different demands for the maintenance of genome stability.

scholarly journals Ultra-deep sequencing reveals dramatic alteration of organellar genomes in Physcomitrella patens due to biased asymmetric recombination

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaki Odahara ◽  
Kensuke Nakamura ◽  
Yasuhiko Sekine ◽  
Taku Oshima
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sequencing ◽  
Physcomitrella Patens ◽  
Genome Instability ◽  
Read Depth ◽  
Organelle Genome ◽  
Abnormal Growth ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Knockout Mutants ◽  
Organelle Genomes ◽  
Recombination Repair

AbstractDestabilization of organelle genomes causes organelle dysfunction that appears as abnormal growth in plants and diseases in human. In plants, loss of the bacterial-type homologous recombination repair (HRR) factors RECA and RECG induces organelle genome instability. In this study, we show the landscape of organelle genome instability in Physcomitrella patens HRR knockout mutants by deep sequencing in combination with informatics approaches. Genome-wide maps of rearrangement positions in the organelle genomes, which exhibited prominent mutant-specific patterns, were highly biased in terms of direction and location and often associated with dramatic variation in read depth. The rearrangements were location-dependent and mostly derived from the asymmetric products of microhomology-mediated recombination. Our results provide an overall picture of organelle-specific gross genomic rearrangements in the HRR mutants, and suggest that chloroplasts and mitochondria share common mechanisms for replication-related rearrangements.

scholarly journals The NHEJ Repair of DNA Double Strand Breaks in Physcomitrella patens Depends on the Kleisin NSE4 of the SMC5/6 Complex

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radka Vágnerová ◽  
Marcela Holá ◽  
Karel J. Angelis
Keyword(s):  
Genome Stability ◽  
Physcomitrella Patens ◽  
Genotoxic Stress ◽  
Single Copy ◽  
Insertion Mutagenesis ◽  
Dna Double Strand Breaks ◽  
Dsb Repair ◽  
Strand Breaks ◽  
Circular Structure ◽  
Repair Defect

AbstractStructural maintenance of chromosomes (SMC) complexes are involve in cohesion, condensation and maintenance of genome stability. Based on the sensitivity of mutants to genotoxic stress the SMC5/6 complex is thought to play imminent role in DNA stabilization during repair by encircling DNA at the site of lesion by bridging the heteroduplex of SMC5 and SMC6 by non SMC kleisin components NSE1, 3 and 4. In this study, we tested how formation of the SMC5/6 circular structure affects mutant sensitivity to genotoxic stress, kinetics of DSB repair and insertion mutagenesis. In the moss Physcomitrella patens SMC6 and NSE4 are essential single copy genes and this is why we used blocking of transcription to reveal their mutated phenotype. Even slight attenuation of transcription by dCas9 binding was enough to obtain stable lines with DSB repair defect and specific bleomycin sensitivity. Whereas survival after bleomycin or MMS treatment fully depends on active SMC6, NSE4 has little or negligible effect. We conclude that whereas circularization of SMC5/6 provided by the kleisin NSE4 is indispensable for the immediate NHEJ DSB repair response, other functions associated with SMC5/6 complex are critical to survive DNA damage.

scholarly journals Hypervariability of Ascidian Mitochondrial Gene Order: Exposing the Myth of Deuterostome Organelle Genome Stability

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmela Gissi ◽  
Graziano Pesole ◽  
Francesco Mastrototaro ◽  
Fabio Iannelli ◽  
Vanessa Guida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Order ◽  
Genome Stability ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Organelle Genome ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene Order

scholarly journals The XPF-ERCC1 Complex Is Essential for Genome Stability and Is Involved in the Mechanism of Gene Targeting in Physcomitrella patens

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anouchka Guyon-Debast ◽  
Patricia Rossetti ◽  
Florence Charlot ◽  
Aline Epert ◽  
Jean-Marc Neuhaus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Targeting ◽  
Genome Stability ◽  
Physcomitrella Patens

Recombination and the maintenance of plant organelle genome stability

2010 ◽  
Vol 186 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Maréchal ◽  
Normand Brisson
Keyword(s):  
Genome Stability ◽  
Organelle Genome

Genome Stability Maintenance in Naked Mole-Rat

Acta Naturae ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 31-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. O. Petruseva ◽  
◽  
A. N. Evdokimov ◽  
O. I. Lavrik ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genome Stability ◽  
Mole Rat ◽  
Naked Mole Rat
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