Genetic diversity and prevalence of porcine circovirus type 3 (PCV3) and type 2 (PCV2) in the Midwest of the USA during 2016–2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 1284-1294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yin Wang ◽  
Lance Noll ◽  
Nanyan Lu ◽  
Elizabeth Porter ◽  
Colin Stoy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Porcine Circovirus Type ◽  
Porcine Circovirus ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Type 3

scholarly journals Identification of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2), type 3 (PCV3) and porcine parvovirus (PPV) in swine by multiplex PCR test

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (03) ◽  
pp. 11-17
Author(s):  
Phat X. Dinh
Keyword(s):  
Multiplex Pcr ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Porcine Circovirus Type ◽  
Porcine Circovirus Type 2 ◽  
Porcine Circovirus ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Single Target ◽  
Ns1 Gene ◽  
Type 3

This study aimed to simultaneously detect three important viruses reported to be involved in the reproductive problems of sows. A multiplex PCR (mPCR) test was developed to provide rapid diagnosis of porcine circovirus type 2 and 3 (PCV2, PCV3) and to illustrate parvovirus (PPV) prevalence in sow herds. Three pairs of specific primers were designed to target PCV2 Cap gene, PCV3 Cap gene and PPV NS1 gene, with predicted mPCR products of 702 bp, 267 bp and 380 bp, respectively. The detection limit of mPCR was 100 copies/reaction per target gene. The mPCR was run against a panel of 94 swine serum samples whose infection status had been pre-determined by commercial real-time PCR kits. Sequencing of mPCR products performed with clinical serum samples accurately confirmed the results. Overall, the results indicated that the mPCR functioned accurately and specifically and matched 100% with the single-target real-time PCRs. The mPCR was developed successfully and can be used in routine diagnosis of PCV2, PCV3 and PPV.

scholarly journals Whole-Genome Analysis of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 in Russia

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1631
Author(s):  
Sergei Raev ◽  
Anton Yuzhakov ◽  
Taras Aliper
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genome Analysis ◽  
Porcine Circovirus Type ◽  
Porcine Circovirus Type 2 ◽  
Porcine Circovirus ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Whole Genome Analysis ◽  
Reading Frame

Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is the causative agent of porcine circovirus-associated diseases (PCVAD) that bring about significant economic losses in the pig industry all over the world. The aim of this study was to investigate the genetic diversity of PCV2 in Russia and characterize the available complete genome sequences. PCV2 DNA was detected at all investigated farms located in different regions of Russia. Whole-genome analysis demonstrated that the majority of PCV2 strains belonged to genotype PCV2d (12 out of 14), while PCV2a and PCV2b were only detected at 2 farms (one at each). Further analysis revealed that all antibody recognition sites in Russian PCV2 strains were different from the corresponding epitopes in a PCV2a vaccine strain, suggesting that PCV2a-based vaccines may only provide limited protection against these strains. PCV2d strains could be grouped into 3 distinct lines which shared 98.7–100% identity within open reading frame 2 (ORF2). It is the first study reporting the genetic diversity of PCV2 strains in Russia. Our data indicated that, similarly to China, Europe, and USA, PCV2a and PCV2b have largely been replaced by PCV2d.

Genetic diversity of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) in Thailand during 2009–2015

2017 ◽  
Vol 208 ◽  
pp. 239-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nattarat Thangthamniyom ◽  
Pradit Sangthong ◽  
Pariwat Poolperm ◽  
Narut Thanantong ◽  
Alongkot Boonsoongnern ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Porcine Circovirus Type ◽  
Porcine Circovirus Type 2 ◽  
Porcine Circovirus

scholarly journals DETECTION OF PORCINE CIRCOVIRUS TYPE 3 IN RUSSIAN PIG HOLDINGS

2019 ◽  
pp. 29-33
Author(s):  
M. V. Biryuchenkova ◽  
A. M. Timina ◽  
A. V. Shcherbakov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Porcine Circovirus Type ◽  
Porcine Circovirus Type 2 ◽  
Porcine Circovirus ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Type 3

Diseases associated with porcine circoviruses (mainly with porcine circovirus type 2) have various manifestations, are common in pigs in countries having well-developed pig industry and responsible for significant economic losses. Porcine circovirus type 3 (PCV-3) causing systemic inflammation of unknown etiology in animals was detected the USA in 2015. Later, data on PCV-3 detection in Asia, Europe and South America were published. Analysis of literature data on current epidemic situation on PCV-3 infection in foreign countries as well as the disease clinical manifestations and postmortem lesions are described. Results of molecular and genetic tests of biomaterials collected from pigs in 51 holdings located in 28 regions of the Russian Federation are presented. A total of 280 samples of biological materials of different types (organs, tissues, stillborn piglets) collected from domestic pigs with respiratory, reproductive and neurological disorders, dermatitis and from emaciated pigs were tested and PCV-3 genome was detected in 11 samples from 9 holdings located in 5 regions of the Russian Federation. Porcine circovirus type 3 was detected in lung, bronchial and mediastinal lymph node, spleen tissues from grower and fattening piglets, adult pigs and aborted fetuses. Samples that were positive for PCV-3 DNA when tested with molecular methods (PCR, real-time PCR) were tested for other pathogens. The following pathogens were also detected in 6 out of 11 samples (55%): Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, Mycoplasma hyorhinis, Streptococcus suis, Haemophilus parasuis, Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and Pasteurella multocida. Porcine circovirus type 2 was detected in one sample. Presented test results are indicative of probable combined etiology of respiratory and reproductive disorders in tested pigs that results in various clinical manifestations. Grower and fattening piglets were found to be the most susceptible to PCV-3-associated disease. Further studies are required for identification of actual PCV-3 pathogenicity and its prevalence in the territory of the Russian Federation.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity and Prevalence of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 in China During 2000-2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Li ◽  
Jing Liu ◽  
Jiali Qi ◽  
Feng Hao ◽  
Lei Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Porcine Circovirus Type ◽  
Porcine Circovirus Type 2 ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Porcine Circovirus ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Swine Industry ◽  
Emerging Virus

As the major pathogen for porcine circovirus-associated disease (PCVAD), porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is no longer treated as an emerging virus anymore. The wide distribution of PCV2 infection in China causes huge economic losses in the swine industry. Currently, it is generally believed that PCV2 has eight genotypes (PCV2a to PCV2h), with PCV2a, PCV2b, and PCV2d being widely distributed. To comprehensively explore the genetic diversity and prevalence of PCV2 in China, PCV-2 sequences submitted from China in the GenBank database were retrieved. With a total of 714 PCV2 strains were retrieved, we found that early-submitted PCV2 sequences were mainly collected from coastal provinces in the southeast part of China, which may indicate PCV2 was initially circulating in those regions. From 2002 to 2008, PCV2b was the dominant prevalent genotype in those retrieved sequences. From 2009, PCV2d became the dominant genotype in those sequences, dropping a hint that a potential shift of PCV2b to PCV2d might occur in 2009, which is similar to the patterns at the global level. In addition to the PCV2a, PCV2b, and PCV2d genotypes, novel strains were also characterized. We further revealed that the amino acid sequences consistency of PCV2a Cap is higher than those in other genotypes. Together, this study provided clues for the possible prevalent genotypes and dynamics of genetic diversity in China from 2000 to 2019.

Porcine circoviruses: a minuscule yet mammoth paradox

2008 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheela Ramamoorthy ◽  
Xiang-Jin Meng
Keyword(s):  
Porcine Circovirus Type ◽  
Porcine Circovirus ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Weanling Pigs ◽  
Viral Pathogens ◽  
Pork Industry ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Lymphoid Depletion ◽  
Porcine Circoviruses

AbstractPorcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is the primary causative agent for porcine circovirus-associated disease (PCVAD). PCVAD has been the cause of considerable economic losses to the pork industry worldwide. The disease is primarily characterized by wasting, enlarged lymph nodes, jaundice and weight loss in affected weanling pigs. Several other complex syndromes involving reproductive failure, enteritis, pneumonia and necrotizing dermatitis have also been associated with PCV2 infection. Lymphoid depletion, which is the hallmark lesion of PCVAD, predisposes the host to immunosuppression. Disease progression is further complicated by co-infections with other bacterial and viral pathogens. Despite the availability of effective vaccines for the last 2 years, newly emerging strains of the virus have been reported to cause more severe outbreaks in parts of the USA and Canada. While knowledge of the biology and pathogenesis of PCV2 has progressed considerably over the last 12 years since the disease was recognized, many questions still remain to be answered.

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