scholarly journals Nutrient dynamics from surface‐applied organic matter amendments on no‐till orchard soil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sat Darshan S. Khalsa ◽  
Stephen C. Hart ◽  
Patrick H. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Nutrient Dynamics ◽  
No Till ◽  
Orchard Soil

scholarly journals Casting Activity ofScherotheca gigasin No-Till Mediterranean Soils: Role in Organic Matter Incorporation and Influence of Aridity

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paloma Bescansa ◽  
Iñigo Virto ◽  
Oihane Fernández-Ugalde ◽  
María José Imaz ◽  
Alberto Enrique
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Nw Spain ◽  
Organic C ◽  
No Till ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
C Stocks ◽  
Casting Activity ◽  
Total Organic C

The behaviour of earthworms, their role in organic matter incorporation into the soil, and the influence of aridity in such processes in arid and semiarid regions have scarcely been studied. In this study, physico-chemical analyses of the casts and the surrounding no-till agricultural soils of three experimental sites representing an aridity gradient in Navarre (NW Spain) were done. The casts were formed by the activity of the only anecic species,Scherotheca gigas(Dugès, 1828), ubiquitous in no-till soils in this region. We observed a significant depletion of clay and higher concentration of total organic C and labile C in the form of particulate organic matter (POM) in the casts as compared to the surrounding soil, suggesting selective ingestion of soil byS. gigas. This, together with the observation of increased concentration in POM with increasing aridity, suggests a major role of this species in the observed progressive gains of organic C stocks in no-till soils in the region.

Dietary condensed tannins in bovine faeces and effects on soil microbial dynamics: are there environmental benefits for cattle production systems?

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (7) ◽  
pp. 690
Author(s):  
Gisele M. Fagundes ◽  
Gabriela Benetel ◽  
Mateus M. Carriero ◽  
Ricardo L. M. Sousa ◽  
Kelly C. Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Condensed Tannins ◽  
Nutrient Dynamics ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Nutrient Inputs ◽  
Microbial Dynamics ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Soil Microbial Population

Context Plant bioactive compounds such as condensed tannins (CT) are seen as an alternative to rumen chemical modulators to mitigate rumen methanogenesis in livestock; however, the presence of CT in ruminant faeces also produces a series of changes in soil microbiomes. Little is known about these effects on soil nutrient dynamics. Therefore, whether CT affect the decomposition process of faecal organic matter, delaying it and consequently increasing soil carbon and nitrogen (N) sequestration, merits study. Aims Our study investigated the effects of a diet rich in CT on bovine faecal composition and on subsequent dynamics of a soil microbial population. Methods Faeces were analysed from cattle fed the following diets: control (no CT), 1.25% CT, 2.5% CT. In a greenhouse pot experiment over a period of 60 days, faeces from the three dietary treatments were applied to soil and the soil microbial populations were measured against a control with no faeces applied. Key results The presence of CT increased the excretion of faecal N and of neutral and acid detergent fibres and lignin, and the higher rate of CT reduced the rate of soil organic matter decomposition. Treatments with dietary CT resulted in greater total numbers of bacteria in the soil than in the no-faeces control and stimulated numbers of Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria (α-Proteobacteria) and Firmicutes. Conclusions The study showed that CT alter N recycling and other nutrient inputs in a soil–animal ecosystem by increasing faecal N inputs, delaying organic matter breakdown, and changing soil microbial dynamics. Implications The presence of CT in ruminant diets can be beneficial to the soil environment. Sustainable management practices should be encouraged by providing ruminants with feed including high-CT legumes in silvopastoral systems.

Greater humification of belowground than aboveground biomass carbon into particulate soil organic matter in no-till corn and soybean crops

2015 ◽  
Vol 85 ◽  
pp. 22-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastián R. Mazzilli ◽  
Armen R. Kemanian ◽  
Oswaldo R. Ernst ◽  
Robert B. Jackson ◽  
Gervasio Piñeiro
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Aboveground Biomass ◽  
Biomass Carbon ◽  
No Till ◽  
Particulate Soil

scholarly journals Role of Crop Rotations in the Dynamic of Soil Organic Matter Pools

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 341
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Santos Moreira ◽  
Marcio Koiti Chiba ◽  
Isabella Clerici De Maria ◽  
Caio César Zito Siqueira ◽  
Aildson Pereira Duarte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Light Fraction ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Organic Matter Quality ◽  
Humification Index ◽  
No Till ◽  
C And N ◽  
Soil Organic Matter Quality

Soil organic matter is considered a key attribute for a sustainable agricultural production and is influenced by the quantity and quality of the crop residue deposited on the soil surface. Therefore, different crop rotations could change the soil organic matter pools. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the soil carbon pools obtained by chemical and physical fractionation methods and the humification index under different crop rotations in a no-till system. We test the following hypothesis: a) the distribution of C and N among the soil organic matter fractions depends on plant species rotation schemes and; b) labile fractions are more sensitive to the input of crop residues and therefore, more suitable for evaluating the impact of different crop rotations in the soil organic matter quality. We evaluated four crop sequences (corn/corn/corn; corn/wheat/corn; soybean/wheat/corn and soybean/corn/corn) in a no-till system. A five-year reforested area was used as reference. We determined the total C and N contents, the mineral-associated C and N, the light fraction of C and N, the labile carbon extracted with KMnO4 and the soil organic matter humification index. We found narrow differences between the crop rotation systems in the total C and N levels, the mineral-associated C and N fractions and the labile C extracted with KMnO4. The diversification of the agricultural system with soybean in crop rotation favored the accumulation of light fraction C and N in the soil that were more efficient to provide information about the changes in the soil organic matter quality.

scholarly journals Organic matter and soil aggregation in agricultural systems with different adoption times

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (6Supl3) ◽  
pp. 3443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Sérgio Rosset ◽  
Maria do Carmo Lana ◽  
Marcos Gervasio Pereira ◽  
Jolimar Antonio Schiavo ◽  
Leandro Rampim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Structural Stability ◽  
Soil Aggregation ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Physical Fractionation ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Brachiaria Ruziziensis ◽  
No Till ◽  
Soil Structural Stability

In conservation management systems, such as no-till (NT), it is important to analyze the pattern of changes in soil quality as a function of the time since adoption of the system. This study evaluated the physical fractions of organic matter and soil aggregation in management systems in areas cultivated with different times since implementation of NT: 6, 14, and 22 successive years of soybean and maize/wheat crops (NT6, NT14, and NT22, respectively); 12 years of no-till with successive years of soybean and maize/wheat crops, and the last 4 years with integration of maize and ruzi grass (Brachiaria ruziziensis) - (NT+B); pasture; and forest. Physical fractionation of organic matter determined the total carbon (TC), particulate organic matter (POM), and mineral organic matter (MOM) by calculating the carbon management index (CMI) and variables related to soil structural stability. Forest and pasture areas showed the highest contents of TC, POM, and MOM, as well as higher stocks of POM and MOM. Among the cultivated areas, higher TC and particulate fractions of organic matter and the best CMI values were observed in the area of NT22. There were changes in aggregation indices, depending on the time since implementation of NT. Areas of NT22, pasture, and forest showed the greatest evolution in C-CO2, indicating increased biological activity, with positive effects on soil structural stability.

Particulate organic matter in soil under different management systems in the Brazilian Cerrado

Soil Research ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 50 (8) ◽  
pp. 685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arcângelo Loss ◽  
Marcos Gervasio Pereira ◽  
Adriano Perin ◽  
Fernando Silva Coutinho ◽  
Lúcia Helena Cunha dos Anjos
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
The Other ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Brazilian Cerrado ◽  
Cerrado Vegetation ◽  
No Till ◽  
Planting System

The combination of the no-till planting system (NTS) and pasture (e.g. brachiaria grass, Urochloa sp.) for livestock production constitutes a crop–livestock integration (CLI) system. CLI systems significantly increase the total organic carbon (TOC) content of soil and the particulate organic carbon (POC) of soil organic matter (SOM). The present study evaluated TOC and the granulometric fractions of SOM under different management systems in a Cerrado area in the state of Goiás. Two areas applying crop rotation were evaluated, one using CLI (corn/brachiaria grass/bean/cotton/soybean planted sequentially) and the other NTS (sunflower/pearl millet/soybean/corn planted sequentially). A third area covered with natural Cerrado vegetation (Cerradão) served as a reference to determine original soil conditions. Soil was randomly sampled at 0–5, 5–10, 10–20, and 20–40 cm. The TOC, POC, and mineral-associated organic carbon (MOC) were assessed, and POC and MOC stocks calculated. The CLI system resulted in greater TOC levels than NTS (0–5, 5–10, and 10–20 cm). Compared with the Cerradão, CLI areas exhibited higher stocks of TOC (at 5–10 and 10–20 cm) and POC (at 0–40 cm). Results obtained for TOC and POC fractions show that land management with CLI was more efficient in increasing SOM than NTS. Moreover, when compared with NTS, the CLI system provided better POC stratification.

CHEMICAL AND MICROBIOLOGICAL FACTORS IN SOME QUEBEC SOILS

1932 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 300-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. R. McKibbin ◽  
P. H. H. Gray
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Sandy Clay ◽  
Orchard Soil ◽  
Heavy Clay ◽  
Colloidal Matter ◽  
Soil Groups

The major soil groups in a large area of agricultural Quebec have been defined and the primary factors effecting differentiation studied. Organic-matter relations as well as the variations in mineral colloidal matter have determined the groupings adopted. Eight major soil groups are named; viz., heavy clay, sandy clay, lowland podsol, upland podsol, brown earth, orchard soil, lowland muck swamp and upland muck swamp. Chemical and microbiological studies of representative virgin soils within each of the first-named six groups are reported, and field data presented.

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