SOIL ORGANIC MATTER AND NUTRIENT DYNAMICS

2013 ◽  
pp. 425-444
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Nutrient Dynamics

Role of phyllosphere fungi of forest trees in the development of decomposer fungal communities and decomposition processes of leaf litter

2006 ◽  
Vol 52 (8) ◽  
pp. 701-716 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Osono
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Nutrient Dynamics ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Forest Trees ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Decomposition Processes ◽  
Phyllosphere Fungi

The ecology of endophytic and epiphytic phyllosphere fungi of forest trees is reviewed with special emphasis on the development of decomposer fungal communities and decomposition processes of leaf litter. A total of 41 genera of phyllosphere fungi have been reported to occur on leaf litter of tree species in 19 genera. The relative proportion of phyllosphere fungi in decomposer fungal communities ranges from 2% to 100%. Phyllosphere fungi generally disappear in the early stages of decomposition, although a few species persist until the late stages. Phyllosphere fungi have the ability to utilize various organic compounds as carbon sources, and the marked decomposing ability is associated with ligninolytic activity. The role of phyllosphere fungi in the decomposition of soluble components during the early stages is relatively small in spite of their frequent occurrence. Recently, the roles of phyllosphere fungi in the decomposition of structural components have been documented with reference to lignin and cellulose decomposition, nutrient dynamics, and accumulation and decomposition of soil organic matter. It is clear from this review that several of the common phyllosphere fungi of forest trees are primarily saprobic, being specifically adapted to colonize and utilize dead host tissue, and that some phyllosphere fungi with marked abilities to decompose litter components play important roles in decomposition of structural components, nutrient dynamics, and soil organic matter accumulation.Key words: carbon cycle, community, endophyte, epiphyte, succession.

Soil Organic Matter and Nutrient Dynamics Following Different Management of Crop Residues at Two Sites in Austria

2018 ◽  
pp. 253-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heide Spiegel ◽  
Taru Sandén ◽  
Georg Dersch ◽  
Andreas Baumgarten ◽  
Ralf Gründling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Nutrient Dynamics ◽  
Crop Residues

scholarly journals Effects of Earthworms on Soil Organic Matter and Nutrient Dynamics at a Landscape Scale over Decades

2004 ◽  
pp. 145-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Andre ◽  
Cécile Villenave ◽  
Fabienne Charpentier ◽  
Nicolas Bernier ◽  
Patrick Lavelle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Nutrient Dynamics ◽  
Landscape Scale

Litter Production and Decomposition in Tropical Forest

2020 ◽  
pp. 193-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumit Chakravarty ◽  
Prakash Rai ◽  
Vineeta ◽  
Nazir A. Pala ◽  
Gopal Shukla
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Forest Ecosystem ◽  
Nutrient Dynamics ◽  
Ecological Impact ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Litter Production ◽  
Plant Soil ◽  
Stand Attributes

Plant litter production and decomposition is a crucial ecosystem process that defines and governs the plant-soil relationships by regulating the nutrient turnover and the build-up of soil organic matter. Litter is the principal source of organic matter for soils in the forest ecosystem. The litter, upon decomposition, makes available essential nutrients for the growth and development of a forest stand. Different tree components contain different amounts of nutrients; and build up of soil organic matter. The amount of nutrients added through litter decomposition varies with forest types, species, stand attributes, and variation in seasonal environmental conditions. Nutrient return from organic matter is estimated by the physico-chemical properties of the litter. Moreover, the rate of decomposition and the nutrient releases are highly influenced by magnitude of litter produced, litter quality and nutrients release, as well as, by climatic conditions and existing microbial communities in the soil system. Ecological impact of carbon and nutrient dynamics in the litter layer is considerable in a forest ecosystem.

Soil organic matter and nutrient dynamics in a Kenyan nitisol under long-term fertilizer and organic input management

1999 ◽  
Vol 31 (13) ◽  
pp. 1773-1782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane J. Kapkiyai ◽  
Nancy K. Karanja ◽  
Javaid N. Qureshi ◽  
Paul C. Smithson ◽  
Paul L. Woomer
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Nutrient Dynamics ◽  
Organic Input

Biomass and nutrients in an Engelmann spruce–subalpine fir forest in north central Colorado: pools, annual production, and internal cycling

1992 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 315-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary A. Arthur ◽  
Timothy J. Fahey
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Nutrient Dynamics ◽  
Fine Root ◽  
Net Primary Production ◽  
Root Turnover ◽  
Subalpine Forest ◽  
Root Production ◽  
Litter Fall ◽  
North Central

Biomass and nutrient dynamics were examined in a subalpine Piceaengelmannii Parry–Abieslasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt. forest within Loch Vale watershed in north central Colorado by quantifying annual above- and below-ground production, biomass, nutrient pools, and internal nutrient transfers. Subalpine forest covers only 6% of the watershed, and the values reported here refer only to the forested area. Total ecosystem biomass was 42 kg•m−2, of which 30% was soil organic matter, 33% was detrital biomass (including deadwood and forest floor), and 36% was living biomass. Total forest biomass (not including soil organic matter) was 28.9 kg•m−2, of which root biomass was 11%. Net primary production was 520 g•m−2•year−1, of which fine root production was about 27% and foliar production was 30%. Much more N was recycled via fine root turnover than via aboveground litter fall (1.6 versus 0.9 g•m−2•year−1), whereas four times more Ca was returned via litter fall than via fine roots. Compared with other temperate coniferous forests, this subalpine forest had low production. Nutrient resorption contributed between 35 and 38% of the annual requirements of N, P, and K, but only 9% of Ca and 12% of Mg. Although a higher percentage of annual N requirement was met by resorption, this forest used N less efficiently than a similar forest in southwestern Alberta.

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