CHEMICAL AND MICROBIOLOGICAL FACTORS IN SOME QUEBEC SOILS

1932 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 300-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. R. McKibbin ◽  
P. H. H. Gray
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Sandy Clay ◽  
Orchard Soil ◽  
Heavy Clay ◽  
Colloidal Matter ◽  
Soil Groups

The major soil groups in a large area of agricultural Quebec have been defined and the primary factors effecting differentiation studied. Organic-matter relations as well as the variations in mineral colloidal matter have determined the groupings adopted. Eight major soil groups are named; viz., heavy clay, sandy clay, lowland podsol, upland podsol, brown earth, orchard soil, lowland muck swamp and upland muck swamp. Chemical and microbiological studies of representative virgin soils within each of the first-named six groups are reported, and field data presented.

scholarly journals The global soil community and its influence on biogeochemistry

Science ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 365 (6455) ◽  
pp. eaav0550 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. W. Crowther ◽  
J. van den Hoogen ◽  
J. Wan ◽  
M. A. Mayes ◽  
A. D. Keiser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Soil Biodiversity ◽  
Soil Community ◽  
The Past ◽  
Biogeochemical Models ◽  
Global Soil ◽  
Organic Matter Pool ◽  
Diverse Community ◽  
Soil Groups

Soil organisms represent the most biologically diverse community on land and govern the turnover of the largest organic matter pool in the terrestrial biosphere. The highly complex nature of these communities at local scales has traditionally obscured efforts to identify unifying patterns in global soil biodiversity and biogeochemistry. As a result, environmental covariates have generally been used as a proxy to represent the variation in soil community activity in global biogeochemical models. Yet over the past decade, broad-scale studies have begun to see past this local heterogeneity to identify unifying patterns in the biomass, diversity, and composition of certain soil groups across the globe. These unifying patterns provide new insights into the fundamental distribution and dynamics of organic matter on land.

Interactions of emerging contaminants with model colloidal microplastics, C60 fullerene, and natural organic matter – effect of surface functional group and adsorbate properties

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 1190-1200
Author(s):  
Tyler Williams ◽  
Clare Walsh ◽  
Keith Murray ◽  
Mahamud Subir
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Emerging Contaminants ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
C60 Fullerene ◽  
Surface Functional Group ◽  
Colloidal Matter ◽  
Matter Effect ◽  
Effect Of Surface

Molecular properties of emerging contaminants (ECs) and interfacial compositions of colloidal matter dictate the extent of EC–particulate matter surface interaction.

Geologic Characteristics of Reservoir Accumulation in Suganhu Depression in North Margin of Qaidam Basin

2012 ◽  
Vol 616-618 ◽  
pp. 19-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Zhang ◽  
Guang Yang ◽  
Yong Shu Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Middle Jurassic ◽  
Qaidam Basin ◽  
Upper Jurassic ◽  
Mature Stage ◽  
Braided River ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Reservoir Properties ◽  
Cap Rock ◽  
Low Porosity

Based on the analysis and testing data of rocks, the basic geologic characteristics of Suganhu depression is discussed. It is concluded that the 200m thickness dark mudstone of inshore shallow lake face in the middle–lower Jurassic stratum is the only source rock of this region. It has the characteristics of high abundance of organic matter and in high mature stage. And the type of organic matter is Ⅱ2.The reservoir properties is controlled by the influences of both the sedimentation and the diagenesis and belong to the low porosity and low permeability ones. The mudstone of Upper Jurassic is the local cap, the ones of braided river face and braided river delta face which existed in the up-middle of the middle Jurassic can be qualified as sealing bed between the sand bodies. Paleocene–eocene mudstone is the regional cap rock. The ability of upper Jurassic sealing bed is good because of the low porosity and permeability and high break pressure. The regional cap rock has the characteristics of big thickness and large area. Both the local and regional cap rock had been able to seal the petroleum and gas before the time of hydrocarbon accumulation of middle Jurassic. In general, Mesozoic formed reservoir–cap combination with the features of lower–generation and upper–reservoir, upper–cap.

scholarly journals SOIL PROPERTIES OF THE ALLUVIAL PLAIN AND ITS POTENTIAL USE FOR AGRICULTURE IN DONGGALA REGION, CENTRAL SULAWESI

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
M. Al-Jabri
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Alluvial Plain ◽  
Soil Profiles ◽  
Moisture Regime ◽  
Exchangeable K ◽  
Very High ◽  
Soil Groups

Agricultural lands of Donggala region are extensively distributed in alluvial plain. However, information on soil properties and fertility constraints has not been known in detail. An investigation of soil resources was conducted in September 2003 and December 2004 to characterize surface soil properties of alluvial plain and to evaluate soil fertility constraints. For this study, 55 representative soil profiles consisting of 187 soil samples were selected for physical, chemical, and mineralogical analyses. The soil profiles were classified as soil groups of Ustifluvents, Haplustepts, Eutrudepts, and Endoaquepts. All the soil physical and chemical data were calculated as weighted average based on top 30 cm soil layer analyses. The results showed that soil texture ranged from sandy loam to loam. In ustic moisture regime, the average pH was neutral (7.0-7.2), but in udic moisture regime it was slightly acid (5.5-6.2). In all soil groups, the organic carbon content was very low to low (0.58-1.44%), P retention was very low (3-18%), and soil cation exchange capacity (CEC) was very low to low (9-14 cmol(+) kg-1). In contrast, all the soil groups showed very high content of potential phosphate (81- 118 mg P2O5 100 g-1) and potassium (338-475 mg K2O 100 g-1), but the available phosphate and potassium were 16-47 mg kg-1 P and 0.18-0.35 cmol(+) kg-1, respectively, which were considered to be low to medium range. The very high P2O5 and K2O were probably derived from weathered mica-schist and granite rocks, but low exchangeable K was probably due to K fixation. The sand mineral fraction was composed of relatively high (> 20%) weatherable minerals of acid parent materials, such as orthoclase and sanidine, while the clay mineral was composed of smectite and illite. The low soil-CEC, low organic matter, and exchangeable K contents were the main soil fertility constraints. Therefore, soil management should be directed to organic matter application to increase soil carbon content, CEC, and nutrient availability. Fertilizer recommendation for wetland rice and several upland crops is suggested based on the soil properties.

scholarly journals Acid-neutralizing capacity of Finnish mineral soils

1985 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 279-283
Author(s):  
Helinä Hartikainen
Keyword(s):  
Clay Soils ◽  
Acid Neutralizing Capacity ◽  
Significant Variable ◽  
Exchange Reactions ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Neutralizing Capacity ◽  
Heavy Clay ◽  
Mineral Soils ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Soil Groups

The acid-neutralizing capacity (ANC) was determined graphically from curves obtained in HCI titration (at a constant ionic strength I = 0.1) and was expressed as a quantity of acid (meq kg-1) needed to reduce the soil pH to 3.8. The relationship between ANC3.8 g and soil characteristics was studied statistically. In 84 soil samples, ANC3.8 ranged from 12 to 184 meq kg-1. The average ANC3.8 was highest in the heavy clay soils and lowest in the non-clay soils, but the differences between the various textural soil groups were not significant. In all soil groups the initial pHCaCl2 was relatively the most important factor explaining the variation in ANC3.8. Organic C was also a significant variable; this was considered to indicate the importance of cation exchange reactions of organic matter in acid-buffering. With the exception of heavy clay soils, oxalate-soluble Al significantly explained the variation in ANC3.8, suggesting that dissolution of Al hydroxides acted as a sink for H+ ions and contributed to the neutralizing capacity at the reference pH of 3.8.

scholarly journals Physicochemical properties of soil at Habla union of Basail upazila in Tangail

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 664-671
Author(s):  
Md Abdullah Miah ◽  
Nazia Uddin ◽  
Md Mahbubul Hoque ◽  
Md Erfanul Haq ◽  
Ajay Kumar Biswas
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Sandy Clay Loam ◽  
Sandy Clay ◽  
Standard Level ◽  
Properties Of Soil

An experiment was conducted to examine the physicochemical properties of soil at Habla union under Basail upazila in Tangail based on the BINA (Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture) laboratory analysis of physical and chemical parameters during January to March, 2014. Total 30 soil samples from 10 points of Habla union were collected from 0-15 cm, 15-30 cm, and 30-40 cm depth of the soil respectively. To determine the soil texture the results were compared with the standard value of SRDI and BARC. Among the 30 soil samples, 25 soils texture classes were found sandy clay loam, 4 were sandy clay and rest one was clay loam. The comparative analysis showed that the average texture class is sandy clay loam. The bulk density ranged from1.23 to 1.91 g/cm3 for the total samples which leads to decide that bulk density is gradually increasing with soil depth. The moisture percentage at different depth of soil were 39.23 to 57.23 % (for 0-15 cm), 43.02 to 58.35 % (for 15-30 cm) and 42.08 to 58.24% (for 30-45 cm).The pH obtained from soil samples of the study area were 4.66 to 5.55 (for 0-15cm), 5.37 to 6.18(for 15-30cm), 6.33to 6.60 (for 30-45 cm). The percentage of organic matter of the soil samples were 0.55 to 3.97 % (for 0-15cm), 0.55 to 3.24 % (for 15-30cm), 0.69 to 2.28 % (for 30-45cm).The organic matter content in the surface soil is relatively low compared to standard level that decreases steadily with depth. The percentage of nitrogen (N %) was observed in different depth of the soil were 0.078 to 0.126 % (for 0-15 cm), 0.049 to 0.126 % (for 15-30 cm), to 0.074 % (for 30-45 cm) which revealed that the percentages of total nitrogen were fall with the depth compared to standard level. In different depth of soil, it was observed that the level of phosphorus (P) was very low compared to standard level where the phosphorus (P) concentration of the soil samples were 1.18 to 2.90 mg/kg (for 0-15 cm), 1.30 to 9.95 mg/kg (for 15-30 cm), 1.58 to 10.92 mg/kg (for 30-45 cm). On the other hand, it was observed that the sulfur (S) concentration was increased with the depth of soil compared to standard level. The sulfur (S) concentration of the soil samples were 5.21 to 11.98 mg/kg (for 0-15 cm), 5.37 to 14.16 mg/kg (15-30 cm), 9.03 to 15.09 mg/kg (30-45 cm). The potassium (K) concentration of the soil samples were 0.038 to 0.102 mg/kg (for 0-15 cm), 0.031 to 0.90 mg/kg (for 15-30 cm) 0.055 to 0.171 mg/kg (for 30-45 cm), which indicated that the low K content compared to the standard level. The overall physicochemical parameter of soil samples were not optimum for good agricultural production. As we know all the parameters either directly or indirectly influence the soil fertility and productivity. This was probably the reason for low productivity of soil in the study area.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. December 2016, 2(4): 664-671

scholarly journals Changes of soil organic matter under minimum tillage in different soil-climatic conditions

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 146-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Svobodová ◽  
J. Jančíková ◽  
J. Horáček ◽  
P. Liebhard ◽  
V. Čechová
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Minimum Tillage ◽  
Technology Changes ◽  
Term Field

Quantitative and qualitative soil organic matter properties were observed in a specific large area experiment (Chernozem – Gross Enzersdorf, Austria) and in a medium-term field experiment (Cambisol – Studena, Czech Republic). Two technologies – minimum tillage (MT) and conventional tillage (CT) – were compared by means of the determination of quantitative and qualitative soil organic matter parameters of the soil samples in the years 2004–2005. Cambisol showed higher values of quantitative soil organic matter parameters in MT compared to those in CT over the whole soil profile. For Cambisol, the qualitative parameters were almost comparable for both technologies. Chernozem showed more favourable values of the quantitative parameters in the surface layer in MT, however, the values had rather a contrary trend in deeper soil layers. CT showed slightly more favourable values of the qualitative soil organic matter parameters in Chernozem. It can be said that Chernozem organic matter reaction to tillage technology changes is slower and of minor rate in comparison with that of Cambisol organic matter. The results of quantitative and qualitative parameters do not conform with the generally recognised values for the Chernozem soil type.

Separation of regional and residual magnetic field data

Geophysics ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 431-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaoguo Li ◽  
Douglas W. Oldenburg
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Power Spectra ◽  
Magnetic Data ◽  
Inversion Algorithm ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Regional Sources ◽  
Magnetic Inversion ◽  
Susceptibility Model

We present a method for separating regional and residual magnetic fields using a 3-D magnetic inversion algorithm. The separation is achieved by inverting the observed magnetic data from a large area to construct a regional susceptibility distribution. The magnetic field produced by the regional susceptibility model is then used as the regional field, and the residual data are obtained by simple subtraction. The advantages of this method of separation are that it introduces little distortion to the shape of the extracted anomaly and that it is not affected significantly by factors such as topography and the overlap of power spectra of regional and residual fields. The proposed method is tested using a synthetic example having varying relative positions between the local and regional sources and then using a field data set from Australia. Results show that the residual field extracted using this method enables good recovery of target susceptibility distribution from inversions.

HUMIC ACID ASSOCIATED PHOSPHORUS IN SOME SOILS OF ALBERTA

1963 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. Dormaar
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Humic Acid ◽  
Electrophoretic Mobility ◽  
Organic Phosphorus ◽  
Paper Electrophoresis ◽  
Acid Fraction ◽  
Soil Group ◽  
Soil Organic Phosphorus ◽  
Electrophoresis Technique ◽  
Soil Groups

The association of phosphorus with the humic acid fraction of the organic matter of surface horizons of soils representing six soil zones of Alberta was investigated with the aid of paper-electrophoresis. In order to locate the humic acid phosphates following separation, several techniques were combined and modified.The application of the electrophoresis technique proved to be useful in the study of soil organic phosphorus. It seems that the humic acid phosphates from the various soils can be arranged into three groups of increasing complexity and electrophoretic mobility. The humic acid associated phosphorus from members of the Brown and Dark Brown Great Soil Groups showed low electrophoretic mobility and seemed rather uncomplicated, while the greatest variation was found in the humic acid fraction of the member from the Grey Wooded Great Soil Group.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document