scholarly journals Volatiles from the fungal phytopathogen Penicillium aurantiogriseum modulate root metabolism and architecture through proteome resetting

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (10) ◽  
pp. 2551-2570
Author(s):  
Pablo García‐Gómez ◽  
Abdellatif Bahaji ◽  
Samuel Gámez‐Arcas ◽  
Francisco José Muñoz ◽  
Ángela María Sánchez‐López ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Metabolism ◽  
Fungal Phytopathogen ◽  
Penicillium Aurantiogriseum

scholarly journals Micromycetes-resistant colored cotton is promising material to reduce mycotoxins amounts in textiles

2020 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. 06015
Author(s):  
Kseniia Illarionova ◽  
Sergey Grigoryev
Keyword(s):  
Upland Cotton ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Cotton Fibers ◽  
Rhizopus Nigricans ◽  
Aspergillus Ustus ◽  
Cotton Plants ◽  
Colored Cotton ◽  
Penicillium Aurantiogriseum ◽  
The Mean ◽  
White Cotton

The aim of research was to characterize epiphyte micromycetes observed on variable cotton fibers accessions, to estimate the range of fiber destruction and select cotton, which were the most resistant to fungus damage. The accessions of differently colored Upland Cotton varieties (Gossypium hirsutum L.) evaluated: eleven cotton of natural green, twelve – of brown and eleven of conventional white color. Cotton plants have been grown in Sothern Federal District, RF. The fiber samples for the study were placed into a thermostat in sterile Petri dishes on moistened filter paper in order to stimulate the development of mycelium or sporulation of fungi naturally occurred on fibers. Incubation carried out in a thermostat at a +24-28 °C, humidity of 90-100% and exposed for 28 days. The samples examined with a microscope or binocular magnifier. Aspergillus ustus (Bainier), A. fumigatus Fresen., A. niger v. Tiegh., A. flavus Link, Penicillium aurantiogriseum Dierckx, P. notatum Westling, Rhizopus nigricans Ehrenb. and Alternaria alternata (Fuier) Keissler were detected. Compared with exposed white, accession of green and brown colors were significantly resistant to fungus. The mean of destruction (K) of white cotton varied up to 0.95, but colored accessions not exceeded 0.3 (initial destruction of the surface, not affecting internal fiber’s structure).

scholarly journals Antifungal activity of Mentha piperita and Carum carvi essential oils

2017 ◽  
pp. 201-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragana Plavsic ◽  
Gordana Dimic ◽  
Djordje Psodorov ◽  
Dragan Psodorov ◽  
Ljubisa Saric ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Mentha Piperita ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Aromatic Plants ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Penicillium Aurantiogriseum

Aromatic plants are one of the most important sources of biologically active secondary metabolites, which possess various antimicrobial characteristics. The aim of this work was to examine the effect of antifungal activities of mint and caraway essential oils against the selected fungi. Eight species of molds were selected for antifungal testing: Alternaria alternata, Aspegillus flavus, A. niger, A. versicolor, Eurotium herbariorum, Penicillium aurantiogriseum, P. chrysogenum and P. expansum. Testing of essential oils antifungal activity against the selected species was conducted using the disc diffusion method by adding mint and caraway essential oils (0.5, 1, 5, and 10 ?l per disc). Antifungal activity of essential oils was expressed by the diameter of inhibition zone (mm). The most powerful effect of mint essential oil was recorded against E. herbariorum, as its growth was completely inhibited by the quantity of 5 ?l. The weakest inhibitory effect was observed against P. chrysogenum (inhibition zone 13.67 mm) by the quantity of 10 ?l. The most powerful antifungal activity of caraway was observed against E. herbariorum as growth was completely inhibited by the quantity of 10 ?l. The weakest inhibitory effect was observed against A. niger (inhibition zone 28 mm) by the quantity of 10 ?l.

scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of Extracellular Vesicles from the Fungal Phytopathogen Colletotrichum higginsianum

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian D Rutter ◽  
Thi-Thu-Huyen Chu ◽  
Kamil K Zajt ◽  
Jean-Felix Dallery ◽  
Richard J O'Connell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Experimental System ◽  
Protein Markers ◽  
Cell Wall Biogenesis ◽  
Colletotrichum Higginsianum ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Transgenic Lines ◽  
Fungal Phytopathogen ◽  
Fungal Phytopathogens

Fungal phytopathogens secrete extracellular vesicles (EVs) associated with enzymes and phytotoxic metabolites. While these vesicles are thought to promote infection, defining the true contents and functions of fungal EVs, as well as suitable protein markers, is an ongoing process. To expand our understanding of fungal EVs and their possible roles during infection, we purified EVs from the hemibiotrophic phytopathogen Colletotrichum higginsianum, the causative agent of anthracnose disease in multiple plant species, including Arabidopsis thaliana. EVs were purified in large numbers from the supernatant of protoplasts but not the supernatant of intact mycelial cultures. We purified two separate populations of EVs, each associated with over 700 detected proteins, including proteins involved in vesicle transport, cell wall biogenesis and the synthesis of secondary metabolites. We selected two SNARE proteins (Snc1 and Sso2) and one 14-3-3 protein (Bmh1) as potential EV markers and generated transgenic lines expressing fluorescent fusions. Each marker was confirmed to be protected inside EVs. Fluorescence microscopy was used to examine the localization of each marker during infection on Arabidopsis leaves. These findings further our understanding of EVs in fungal phytopathogens and will help build an experimental system to study EV inter-kingdom communication between plants and fungi.

Mycological Survey of Chicken Feed and Some Feed Ingredients in Turkey

1988 ◽  
Vol 51 (10) ◽  
pp. 807-810 ◽  
Author(s):  
DILEK HEPERKAN ◽  
ÍHSAN ALPERDEN
Keyword(s):  
Fish Meal ◽  
Meat And Bone Meal ◽  
Bone Meal ◽  
Mixed Feed ◽  
Feed Ingredients ◽  
Penicillium Aurantiogriseum ◽  
Sunflower Cake ◽  
Feed Samples ◽  
Mold Count ◽  
Meat Bone Meal

Level of mold contamination and mycoflora were determined for 144 mixed feed and feed ingredients, including corn, sunflower cake, soja cake, meat and bone meal, and fish meal. Four samples were found to be free of mold. Among the feed samples examined, the mold count has been found to be low (102 to 103 colonies/g) for fish meal, high (104 to 105 colonies/g) for meat-bone meal and sunflower cake, and extremely high (more than 105 colonies/g) for soja cake, corn and mixed feed. The predominant flora in the feed samples consisted of Penicillium, Aspergillus, Fusarium, Mucor and Eurotium, respectively. The most frequently encountered species was found to be Penicillium aurantiogriseum, followed by Aspergillus flavus.

The Effect of Siduron Upon Barley Root Metabolism

Weed Science ◽  
1968 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 344-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter E. Splittstoesser
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Wall Material ◽  
Nucleic Acid Metabolism ◽  
Cell Wall Material ◽  
Cell Wall Synthesis ◽  
Root Metabolism

Barley (Hordeum vulgareL. var. Trail) root growth was inhibited at lower concentrations of 1-(2-methylcyclohexyl)-3-phenylurea (siduron) than was shoot growth. The influence of siduron upon root metabolism was assessed with excised roots grown in 0 or 5 ppm siduron. More glucose-U-14C and leucine-U-14C were degraded to CO2and less were incorporated into cell wall material and protein by roots grown in siduron. However, roots grown in siduron incorporated more adenine-8-14C into nucleic acids and degraded less adenine to CO2than roots grown in water. It was suggested that siduron disrupted the normal nucleic acid metabolism of barley roots which was necessary for protein and cell wall synthesis.

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