scholarly journals Repressed OsMESL expression triggers reactive oxygen species‐mediated broad‐spectrum disease resistance in rice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Hu ◽  
Yong Zhou ◽  
Zaihui Zhou ◽  
Bo Sun ◽  
Fei Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species

scholarly journals Proteomic and genetic analysis of the response of S. cerevisiae to soluble copper leads to improvement of the antimicrobial function of cellulosic copper nanoparticles

Metallomics ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1304-1315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoqing Rong-Mullins ◽  
Matthew J. Winans ◽  
Justin B. Lee ◽  
Zachery R. Lonergan ◽  
Vincent A. Pilolli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Antimicrobial Agent ◽  
Copper Nanoparticles ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Antimicrobial Function

Copper (Cu) was used in antiquity to prevent waterborne and food diseases because, as a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent, it generates reactive oxygen species, ROS.

z-VAD-fmk augmentation of TNFα-stimulated neutrophil apoptosis is compound specific and does not involve the generation of reactive oxygen species

Blood ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 105 (7) ◽  
pp. 2970-2972 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew S. Cowburn ◽  
Jessica F. White ◽  
John Deighton ◽  
Sarah R. Walmsley ◽  
Edwin R. Chilvers
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
Neutrophil Apoptosis ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Caspase Inhibitor ◽  
Induced Apoptosis

Abstract In most cell types constitutive and ligand-induced apoptosis is a caspase-dependent process. In neutrophils, however, the broad-spectrum caspase inhibitor z-VAD-fmk enhances tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα)-induced cell death, and this has been interpreted as evidence for caspase-dependent and -independent cell death pathways. Our aim was to determine the specificity of the effect of z-VAD-fmk in neutrophils and define the potential mechanism of action. While confirming that z-VAD-fmk (> 100 μM) enhances TNFα-induced neutrophil apoptosis, lower concentrations (1-30 μM) completely blocked TNFα-stimulated apoptosis. Boc-D-fmk, a similar broad-spectrum caspase inhibitor, and z-IETD-fmk, a selective caspase-8 inhibitor, caused a concentration-dependent inhibition of only TNFα-stimulated apoptosis. Moreover, the caspase-9 inhibitor, Ac-LEHD-cmk, had no effect on TNFα-induced apoptosis, and z-VAD-fmk and Boc-D-fmk inhibited TNFα-stimulated reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. These data suggest that TNFα-induced apoptosis in neutrophils is fully caspase dependent and uses a mitochondrial-independent pathway and that the proapoptotic effects of z-VAD-fmk are compound specific and ROS independent.

scholarly journals Histochemical and Microscopic Studies Predict that Grapevine Genotype “Ju mei gui” is Highly Resistant against Botrytis cinerea

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 253
Author(s):  
Mati Ur Rahman ◽  
Qingqing Ma ◽  
Bilal Ahmad ◽  
Muhammad Hanif ◽  
Youlin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Jasmonic Acid ◽  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Grape Berry ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Limited Information

The necrotrophic fungus Botrytis cinerea causes devastating pre- and post-harvest yield losses in grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.). Although B. cinerea has been well-studied in different plant species, there is limited information related to the resistance and susceptibility mechanisms of Vitis genotypes against B. cinerea infection. In the present study, leaves and berries of twenty four grape genotypes were evaluated against B. cinerea infection. According to the results, one genotype (Ju mei gui) was highly resistant (HR), one genotype (Kyoho) was resistant (R), eight genotypes were susceptible (S), and fourteen genotypes were highly susceptible (HS) against infection of B. cinerea in leaves. Whereas in the case of B. cinerea infection in grape berry, three genotypes were found to be highly resistant, three resistant, eleven genotypes susceptible, and seven were highly susceptible. To further explore the mechanism of disease resistance in grapevine, we evaluated “Ju mei gui” and “Summer black” in terms of B. cinerea progression, reactive oxygen species reactions, jasmonic acid contents, and the activities of antioxidant enzymes in leaf and fruit. We surmise that the resistance of “Ju mei gui” is due to seized fungal growth, minor reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, elevated antioxidant enzyme activity, and more jasmonic acid (JA) contents. This study provides insights into the resistance and susceptibility mechanism of Vitis genotypes against B. cinerea. This will help for the selection of appropriate germplasm to explore the molecular basis of disease resistance mechanisms in grapevine.

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