scholarly journals Proteomic and genetic analysis of the response of S. cerevisiae to soluble copper leads to improvement of the antimicrobial function of cellulosic copper nanoparticles

Metallomics ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1304-1315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoqing Rong-Mullins ◽  
Matthew J. Winans ◽  
Justin B. Lee ◽  
Zachery R. Lonergan ◽  
Vincent A. Pilolli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Antimicrobial Agent ◽  
Copper Nanoparticles ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Antimicrobial Function

Copper (Cu) was used in antiquity to prevent waterborne and food diseases because, as a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent, it generates reactive oxygen species, ROS.

z-VAD-fmk augmentation of TNFα-stimulated neutrophil apoptosis is compound specific and does not involve the generation of reactive oxygen species

Blood ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 105 (7) ◽  
pp. 2970-2972 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew S. Cowburn ◽  
Jessica F. White ◽  
John Deighton ◽  
Sarah R. Walmsley ◽  
Edwin R. Chilvers
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
Neutrophil Apoptosis ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Caspase Inhibitor ◽  
Induced Apoptosis

Abstract In most cell types constitutive and ligand-induced apoptosis is a caspase-dependent process. In neutrophils, however, the broad-spectrum caspase inhibitor z-VAD-fmk enhances tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα)-induced cell death, and this has been interpreted as evidence for caspase-dependent and -independent cell death pathways. Our aim was to determine the specificity of the effect of z-VAD-fmk in neutrophils and define the potential mechanism of action. While confirming that z-VAD-fmk (> 100 μM) enhances TNFα-induced neutrophil apoptosis, lower concentrations (1-30 μM) completely blocked TNFα-stimulated apoptosis. Boc-D-fmk, a similar broad-spectrum caspase inhibitor, and z-IETD-fmk, a selective caspase-8 inhibitor, caused a concentration-dependent inhibition of only TNFα-stimulated apoptosis. Moreover, the caspase-9 inhibitor, Ac-LEHD-cmk, had no effect on TNFα-induced apoptosis, and z-VAD-fmk and Boc-D-fmk inhibited TNFα-stimulated reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. These data suggest that TNFα-induced apoptosis in neutrophils is fully caspase dependent and uses a mitochondrial-independent pathway and that the proapoptotic effects of z-VAD-fmk are compound specific and ROS independent.

scholarly journals Effects of Surface Chemistry on the Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species by Copper Nanoparticles

ACS Nano ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 2157-2164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miao Shi ◽  
Hyun Soo Kwon ◽  
Zhenmeng Peng ◽  
Alison Elder ◽  
Hong Yang
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Surface Chemistry ◽  
Copper Nanoparticles ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species

scholarly journals Nanocomposite-based dual enzyme system for broad-spectrum scavenging of reactive oxygen species

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marko Pavlovic ◽  
Szabolcs Muráth ◽  
Xénia Katona ◽  
Nizar B. Alsharif ◽  
Paul Rouster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Hybrid Material ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Ros Scavenging ◽  
Strong Electrostatic Interaction ◽  
Induced Aggregation

AbstractA broad-spectrum reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging hybrid material (CASCADE) was developed by sequential adsorption of heparin (HEP) and poly(L-lysine) (PLL) polyelectrolytes together with superoxide dismutase (SOD) and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) antioxidant enzymes on layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanoclay support. The synthetic conditions were optimized so that CASCADE possessed remarkable structural (no enzyme leakage) and colloidal (excellent resistance against salt-induced aggregation) stability. The obtained composite was active in decomposition of both superoxide radical anions and hydrogen peroxide in biochemical assays revealing that the strong electrostatic interaction with the functionalized support led to high enzyme loadings, nevertheless, it did not interfere with the native enzyme conformation. In vitro tests demonstrated that ROS generated in human cervical adenocarcinoma cells were successfully consumed by the hybrid material. The cellular uptake was not accompanied with any toxicity effects, which makes the developed CASCADE a promising candidate for treatment of oxidative stress-related diseases.

Mitochondria as a source of reactive oxygen species

2009 ◽  
pp. c3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena M. Cochemé ◽  
Michael P. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species

Clinical aspects of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species

2004 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
pp. 121-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ascan Warnholtz ◽  
Maria Wendt ◽  
Michael August ◽  
Thomas Münzel
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Vascular Tissue ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
No Production ◽  
Oxygen Species

Endothelial dysfunction in the setting of cardiovascular risk factors, such as hypercholesterolaemia, hypertension, diabetes mellitus and chronic smoking, as well as in the setting of heart failure, has been shown to be at least partly dependent on the production of reactive oxygen species in endothelial and/or smooth muscle cells and the adventitia, and the subsequent decrease in vascular bioavailability of NO. Superoxide-producing enzymes involved in increased oxidative stress within vascular tissue include NAD(P)H-oxidase, xanthine oxidase and endothelial nitric oxide synthase in an uncoupled state. Recent studies indicate that endothelial dysfunction of peripheral and coronary resistance and conductance vessels represents a strong and independent risk factor for future cardiovascular events. Ways to reduce endothelial dysfunction include risk-factor modification and treatment with substances that have been shown to reduce oxidative stress and, simultaneously, to stimulate endothelial NO production, such as inhibitors of angiotensin-converting enzyme or the statins. In contrast, in conditions where increased production of reactive oxygen species, such as superoxide, in vascular tissue is established, treatment with NO, e.g. via administration of nitroglycerin, results in a rapid development of endothelial dysfunction, which may worsen the prognosis in patients with established coronary artery disease.

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