Vitamin D in pediatric health and disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (S24) ◽  
pp. 54-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego G. Peroni ◽  
Irene Trambusti ◽  
Maria Elisa Di Cicco ◽  
Giulia Nuzzi
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Pediatric Health ◽  
Health And Disease

Review: The role of vitamin D in nervous system health and disease

2013 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 458-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. C. DeLuca ◽  
S. M. Kimball ◽  
J. Kolasinski ◽  
S. V. Ramagopalan ◽  
G. C. Ebers
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Health And Disease

scholarly journals The Impact of Micronutrients-Calcium, Vitamin D, Selenium, Zinc in Cardiovascular Health: A Mini Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harini Narayanam ◽  
Suresh V. Chinni ◽  
Sumitha Samuggam
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Main Concern ◽  
Sudden Increase ◽  
Cardiac Health ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
The Impact

The role of micronutrients in health and disease has increased the curiosity and interest among researchers. The prime focus of this review is the significance of trace elements- calcium, vitamin D, selenium and zinc with cardiovascular health. WHO identified cardiovascular diseases (CVD) as the leading cause of deaths globally. Identifying the risk factors that could be modified and creating new treatment strategies remains to be the main concern for CVD prevention. The data that showed the relationship between trace elements and various ways in which they may contribute to cardiovascular health and disease from clinical trials and observational studies were collected from databases such as PubMed and Embase. Based on these collected data, it shows that either high or low circulating serum levels can be associated with the development of cardiovascular diseases. Micronutrients through diet contribute to improved cardiac health. However, due to our current lifestyle, there is a huge dependency on dietary supplements. Based on the observational studies, it is evident that supplements cause sudden increase in the circulating levels of the nutrients and result in cardiovascular damage. Thus, it is advisable to restrict the use of supplements, owing to the potent risks it may cause. In order to understand the exact mechanism between micronutrients and cardiac health, more clinical studies are required.

scholarly journals Vitamin D Metabolism and Profiling in Veterinary Species

Metabolites ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma A. Hurst ◽  
Natalie Z. Homer ◽  
Richard J. Mellanby
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Companion Animals ◽  
Vitamin D Metabolites ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Vitamin D Metabolism ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D

The demand for vitamin D analysis in veterinary species is increasing with the growing knowledge of the extra-skeletal role vitamin D plays in health and disease. The circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin-D (25(OH)D) metabolite is used to assess vitamin D status, and the benefits of analysing other metabolites in the complex vitamin D pathway are being discovered in humans. Profiling of the vitamin D pathway by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) facilitates simultaneous analysis of multiple metabolites in a single sample and over wide dynamic ranges, and this method is now considered the gold-standard for quantifying vitamin D metabolites. However, very few studies report using LC-MS/MS for the analysis of vitamin D metabolites in veterinary species. Given the complexity of the vitamin D pathway and the similarities in the roles of vitamin D in health and disease between humans and companion animals, there is a clear need to establish a comprehensive, reliable method for veterinary analysis that is comparable to that used in human clinical practice. In this review, we highlight the differences in vitamin D metabolism between veterinary species and the benefits of measuring vitamin D metabolites beyond 25(OH)D. Finally, we discuss the analytical challenges in profiling vitamin D in veterinary species with a focus on LC-MS/MS methods.

The Role of the Vitamin D Endocrine System in Health and Disease

1989 ◽  
Vol 320 (15) ◽  
pp. 980-991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helmut Reichel ◽  
H. Phillip Koeffler ◽  
Anthony W. Norman
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Health And Disease

scholarly journals Epidemiology of vitamin D in health and disease

2009 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 188-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sihe Wang
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Laboratory Evaluation ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Reference Ranges ◽  
Health And Disease

Results from ecological, case–control and cohort studies have shown that vitamin D reduces the risk of bone fracture, falls, autoimmune diseases, type 2 diabetes, CVD and cancer. However, there is still epidemic vitamin D insufficiency especially among individuals living at high latitudes or with dark skin. Serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) are considered the best biomarker of vitamin D nutritional status. Appropriate sunshine exposure or oral supplementation is necessary to maintain sufficient vitamin D status, which is generally accepted as serum 25(OH)D>75 nmol/l. Immunoassays, especially RIA, have been primarily used to measure serum 25(OH)D while liquid chromatography–MS (LC–MS) is considered the ‘gold standard’. There is significant disparity among the immunoassays, and all immunoassays have considerable bias compared with LC–MS methods. Because of the variations among the results from these different assays, it is necessary that assay-specific reference ranges be established or standardisation of the assays take place. The present review focuses on ecological, case–control, and cohort studies that investigated the role of vitamin D in health and disease. In addition, analytical techniques used in laboratory evaluation of vitamin D nutritional status are also critically reviewed. The majority of the literature included in the present review is selected from that searchable in PubMed up to the end of September 2008.

scholarly journals Human cytochromes P450 in health and disease

2013 ◽  
Vol 368 (1612) ◽  
pp. 20120431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel W. Nebert ◽  
Kjell Wikvall ◽  
Walter L. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Cytochrome P450 ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Bile Acid ◽  
Cytochromes P450 ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
The Other ◽  
Chemical Inducers ◽  
Eicosanoid Metabolism ◽  
Health And Disease

There are 18 mammalian cytochrome P450 ( CYP ) families, which encode 57 genes in the human genome. CYP2 , CYP3 and CYP4 families contain far more genes than the other 15 families; these three families are also the ones that are dramatically larger in rodent genomes. Most (if not all) genes in the CYP1 , CYP2 , CYP3 and CYP4 families encode enzymes involved in eicosanoid metabolism and are inducible by various environmental stimuli (i.e. diet, chemical inducers, drugs, pheromones, etc.), whereas the other 14 gene families often have only a single member, and are rarely if ever inducible or redundant. Although the CYP2 and CYP3 families can be regarded as largely redundant and promiscuous, mutations or other defects in one or more genes of the remaining 16 gene families are primarily the ones responsible for P450-specific diseases—confirming these genes are not superfluous or promiscuous but rather are more directly involved in critical life functions. P450-mediated diseases comprise those caused by: aberrant steroidogenesis; defects in fatty acid, cholesterol and bile acid pathways; vitamin D dysregulation and retinoid (as well as putative eicosanoid) dysregulation during fertilization, implantation, embryogenesis, foetogenesis and neonatal development.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document