The effect of ligation methods on biofilm formation in patients undergoing multi‐bracketed fixed orthodontic therapy – A systematic review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael G Skilbeck ◽  
Li Mei ◽  
Hisham Mohammed ◽  
Richard D Cannon ◽  
Mauro Farella
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Orthodontic Therapy

Materials Sealing Preventing Biofilm Formation in Implant/Abutment Joints: Which Is the Most Effective? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-171
Author(s):  
Cecília Alves de Sousa ◽  
Maria Beatriz Bello Taborda ◽  
Gustavo Antônio Correa Momesso ◽  
Eduardo Passos Rocha ◽  
Paulo Henrique dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Gutta Percha ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Physical Barriers ◽  
External Connection

The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the literature available for materials exhibiting the best efficacy in preventing biofilm formation in the interior of implants. We searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Cochrane databases. This review is registered with the PROSPERO database and followed the suitability of the PRISMA protocol. The initial search resulted in 326 articles from the databases. After they were read, 8 articles remained, and the inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied. Six of these 8 articles were classified as in vitro and 2 were classified as in situ. The regions of the implants evaluated ranged from the interface of the pieces to the occlusal upper access of the abutment. The implant connections evaluated the Morse taper, external connection, and internal connection. Meta-analysis of the quantitative data was performed at a significance level of .05. Cotton exhibited poor control of infiltration, even in combination with other materials. Isolated gutta-percha (GP) and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) tape with composite resin (CR) or GP performed better as physical barriers. The best results for chemical barriers were observed by the application of 1% chlorhexidine gluconate (CG) gel, thymol varnish, and the deposition of Ag films onto the surface. The applied meta-analysis did not show a significant difference in comparison between the different types of implant connections (P > .05). The application of CG and thymol varnish antimicrobials was effective in preventing biofilm formation and easy clinical execution; these could be used in combination with CR, GP, and PTFE.

Correlation Between Biofilm Formation and Antibiotic Resistance in MRSA and MSSA Isolated from Clinical Samples in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 1071-1080 ◽  
Author(s):  
Motaharesadat Hosseini ◽  
Abbas Shapouri Moghaddam ◽  
Solmaz Derakhshan ◽  
Seyed Mohammad Amin Hashemipour ◽  
Mehdi Hadadi-Fishani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Clinical Samples

scholarly journals Biofilm formation following chitosan-based varnish or chlorhexidine-fluoride varnish application in patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment: a double blinded randomised controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Preethi Poornima ◽  
Jogikalmat Krithikadatta ◽  
Ratna Rachel Ponraj ◽  
Natanasabapathy Velmurugan ◽  
Anil Kishen
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Fluoride Varnish ◽  
White Spot Lesion ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Orthodontic Therapy ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Plaque Ph

Abstract Background Orthodontic treatment poses an increased risk of plaque accumulation and demineralisation of enamel leading to white spot lesion around the brackets. This parallel arm trial aims to assess the degree of bacterial plaque formation adjacent to orthodontic brackets, following the application of a chitosan-based varnish or chlorhexidene-fluoride varnish. Methods A total of 200 teeth from 20 patients undergoing fixed orthodontic therapy were assessed and biofilm formation around the brackets were recorded using the Bonded Bracket Index (Plaque index) at baseline and weekly for 6 weeks. The bacterial count and plaque pH at corresponding weekly intervals were also recorded. Following bracket bonding, the patients were cluster randomised to receive chitosan-based varnish-CHS (UNO Gel Bioschell, Germiphene corp., Brantford, Canada) or chlorhexidine-fluoride varnish-CFV (Cervitec F, Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein) every week on the representative teeth respectively. BBI proportions were compared between groups at all time intervals using Chi square test. Mean plaque bacterial count and plaque pH were compared using Mann Whitney U test and Tukey’s HSD test respectively. Results Baseline characteristics were similar between the groups: Mean age was CHS = 23 and CFV = 21; male to female ratio was CHS = 5/5, CFV = 7/3. At the end of 6 weeks, chitosan-based varnish performed equal to chlorhexidine-fluoride varnish (P > 0.05) with 98% and 95% of teeth with acceptable scores respectively. The plaque bacterial count significantly reduced at 6 weeks for both varnish compared to the baseline; The value for CHS was 0.43 ± 0.4 × 104 and CFV was 0.77 ± 0.64 × 104 CFU (P < 0.05), with no difference between both the varnishes. Both varnishes had no effect on the plaque pH that remained neutral. Conclusion This trial showed that both chitosan-based varnish and chlorhexidine-fluoride varnish reduced bacterial count, while the plaque pH remained neutral over a period of six weeks in patients undergoing fixed orthodontic therapy. The anti-plaque effects of the natural biopolymeric chitosan-based varnish was similar to that of chlorhexidine-fluoride varnish, a known chemotherapeutic agent. Registration: This trial protocol was registered with https://www.ctri.nic.in (CTRI/2019/05/018896). (Date of registration 02/05/2019). Protocol: The protocol was not published before trial commencement.

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