scholarly journals Regional distribution patterns of wetland monocots with different root turnover strategies are associated with local variation in soil temperature

2019 ◽  
Vol 226 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominique N. Courchesne ◽  
Adrienne Z. Wilson ◽  
Peter Ryser
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Regional Distribution ◽  
Local Variation ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Root Turnover

Prevalence and distribution of different diarrhoeagenicEscherichia colivirulotypes in major water bodies in Bangladesh

2013 ◽  
Vol 141 (12) ◽  
pp. 2516-2525 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. AKTER ◽  
M. ISLAM ◽  
K. S. AFREEN ◽  
N. AZMUDA ◽  
S. I. KHAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Regional Distribution ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Aquatic Systems ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Virulence Determinants ◽  
Waterborne Pathogen ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Enriched Cultures ◽  
Natural Water Bodies

SUMMARYEscherichia coli, a prominent waterborne pathogen, causes a variety of gastrointestinal and extraintestinal infections that depend on virulence determinants. To monitor natural aquatic systems for virulence-associated genes ofE. coli, multiplex PCR was used in a survey covering 46 major natural water bodies in Bangladesh. DNA was extracted directly from water samples as well as from pre-enriched and enriched cultures during three successive seasons and assessed forE. colivirulotype distribution. From the five virulotypes, genes from the enterotoxigenic (ETEC), enteropathogenic (EPEC), and enterohaemorrhagic (EHEC) virulotypes were detected consistently, but genes from the enteroinvasive (EIEC) and enteroaggregative (EAEC) virulotypes were traced only occasionally. ETEC was the most prevalent virulotype, followed by EPEC. However, EIEC and EAEC virulotypes could not be detected in winter or the rainy season, respectively. Specific regional distribution patterns of differentE. colivirulotypes and their temporal fluctuations were identified. These observations may assist with assessing seasonal risk and identifying vulnerable areas of the country prone toE. coli-associated outbreaks.

scholarly journals Vineyard ecosystems are structured and distinguished by fungal communities impacting the flavour and quality of wine

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Di Liu ◽  
Qinglin Chen ◽  
Pangzhen Zhang ◽  
Deli Chen ◽  
Kate S. Howell
Keyword(s):  
Regional Distribution ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Wine Fermentation ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Soil Microbiome ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Wine Aroma ◽  
Wine Production ◽  
Microbial Distribution

AbstractThe flavours of foods and beverages are formed by the agricultural environment where the plants are grown. In the case of wine, the location and environmental features of the vineyard site imprint the wine with distinctive aromas and flavours. Microbial growth and metabolism play an integral role in wine production from the vineyard to the winery, by influencing grapevine health, wine fermentation, and the flavour, aroma and quality of finished wines. The mechanism by which microbial distribution patterns drive wine metabolites is unclear and while flavour has been correlated with bacterial composition for red wines, bacterial activity provides a minor biochemical conversion in wine fermentation. Here, we collected samples across six distinct winegrowing areas in southern Australia to investigate regional distribution patterns of both fungi and bacteria and how this corresponds with wine aroma compounds. Results show that soil and must microbiota distinguish winegrowing regions and are related to wine chemical profiles. We found a strong relationship between microbial and wine metabolic profiles, and this relationship was maintained despite differing abiotic drivers (soil properties and weather/ climatic measures). Notably, fungal communities played the principal role in shaping wine aroma profiles and regional distinctiveness. We found that the soil microbiome is a potential source of grape- and must-associated fungi, and therefore the weather and soil conditions could influence the wine characteristics via shaping the soil fungal community compositions. Our study describes a comprehensive scenario of wine microbial biogeography in which microbial diversity responds to surrounding environments and ultimately sculpts wine aromatic characteristics. These findings provide perspectives for thoughtful human practices to optimise food and beverage flavour and composition through understanding of fungal activity and abundance.

Regional distribution patterns of chemical parameters in surface sediments of the south-western Baltic Sea and their possible causes

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 593-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Leipe ◽  
M. Naumann ◽  
F. Tauber ◽  
H. Radtke ◽  
R. Friedland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Surface Sediments ◽  
Regional Distribution ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
The South

Regional distribution patterns of soils in delta ecosystems and their potential use on different continents

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-79
Author(s):  
Z. G. Zalibekov ◽  
A. B. Biarslanov ◽  
S. A. Mamaev ◽  
D. B. Asgerova ◽  
U. M. Galimova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regional Distribution ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Potential Use

scholarly journals Online appendix 1:Changing distributions of larger ungulates in the Kruger National Park from ecological aerial survey data

Koedoe ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
George J. Chirima ◽  
Norman Owen-Smith ◽  
Barend F.N. Erasmus
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Regional Distribution ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Aerial Survey ◽  
Kruger National Park ◽  
Western Boundary ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
The North ◽  
Distribution Ranges

Documenting current species distribution patterns and their association with habitat types is important as a basis for assessing future range shifts in response to climate change or other influences. We used the adaptive local convex hull (a-LoCoH) method to map distribution ranges of 12 ungulate species within the Kruger National Park (KNP) based on locations recorded during aerial surveys (1980–1993). We used log-linear models to identify changes in regional distribution patterns and chi-square tests to determine shifts in habitat occupation over this period. We compared observed patterns with earlier, more subjectively derived distribution maps for these species. Zebra, wildebeest and giraffe distributions shifted towards the far northern section of the KNP, whilst buffalo and kudu showed proportional declines in the north. Sable antelope distribution contracted most in the north, whilst tsessebe, eland and roan antelope distributions showed no shifts. Warthog and waterbuck contracted in the central and northern regions, respectively. The distribution of impala did not change. Compared with earlier distributions, impala, zebra, buffalo, warthog and waterbuck had become less strongly concentrated along rivers. Wildebeest, zebra, sable antelope and tsessebe had become less prevalent in localities west of the central region. Concerning habitat occupation, the majority of grazers showed a concentration on basaltic substrates, whilst sable antelope favoured mopane-dominated woodland and sour bushveld on granite. Buffalo showed no strong preference for any habitats and waterbuck were concentrated along rivers. Although widespread, impala were absent from sections of mopane shrubveld and sandveld. Kudu and giraffe were widespread through most habitats, but with a lesser prevalence in northern mopane-dominated habitats. Documented distribution shifts appeared to be related to the completion of the western boundary fence and widened provision of surface water within the park. Conservation implications: The objectively recorded distribution patterns provide a foundation for assessing future changes in distribution that may take place in response to climatic shifts or other influences.

scholarly journals The Histochemical Characterization of the Glycoconjugates in the Epidermal Mucous Cells of the Red Californian Earthworm, Eisenia foetida

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenan Çinar ◽  
Mustafa Öztop ◽  
Emel Demirbağ
Keyword(s):  
Regional Distribution ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Histochemical Staining ◽  
Slight Reduction ◽  
Eisenia Foetida ◽  
Mucous Cells ◽  
Functional Roles ◽  
Comprehensive Information ◽  
Reaction Intensity

The aim of this study was to characterize the nature and regional distribution of the glycoconjugates secreted by epidermal mucous cells in Eisenia foetida (Annelida). Specimens were divided into six regions from anterior to posterior. The histochemistry was carried out by using standard histochemical methods. Histochemical staining properties of glycoconjugates in epidermal mucous cells were determined regionally. The epidermis of all regions contained strong to stronger PAS (+) cells in various degrees. The epidermis of the first, fourth, fifth, and sixth regions had strong to stronger AB pH 2.5 (+) cells. On the contrary, all regions contained weak to moderate AB pH 0.5 and AB pH 1.0 (+) cells. Most of mucous cells in epidermis of the first region contained both PAS (+) and AB (+) mucosubstances. All regions included weaker to weak AF (+) cells. All regions featured KOH/PAS (+) cells, with a slight reduction in reaction intensity in the epidermis of the last three regions. In this context, the different staining patterns observed in epidermal mucous cells hinted at their functional roles with respect to production of mucus with different physical properties. This study provided comprehensive information about the regional distribution patterns of the glycoconjugates and an opportunity to compare their distributional patterns in other annelids.

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