scholarly journals Pathways of hepatic and renal damage through non‐classical activation of the renin‐angiotensin system in chronic liver disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Sansoè ◽  
Manuela Aragno ◽  
Florence Wong
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Chronic Liver Disease ◽  
Renal Damage ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Chronic Liver ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Renin Angiotensin ◽  
Classical Activation

Renin–angiotensin system inhibitors and fibrosis in chronic liver disease: a systematic review

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 819-828 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaeun Kim ◽  
Juyoung Kim ◽  
Yoo Li Lim ◽  
Moon Young Kim ◽  
Soon Koo Baik
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Chronic Liver Disease ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Chronic Liver ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Renin Angiotensin

scholarly journals Protective Effect of Angiotensin 1–7 on Sarcopenia Induced by Chronic Liver Disease in Mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 3891 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Aguirre ◽  
Johanna Abrigo ◽  
Francisco Gonzalez ◽  
Andrea Gonzalez ◽  
Felipe Simon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Chronic Liver Disease ◽  
Fiber Diameter ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Fiber Type ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Ubiquitin Proteasome System ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Chronic Liver ◽  
Fiber Types

Sarcopenia associated with chronic liver disease (CLD) is one of the more common extrahepatic features in patients with these pathologies. Among the cellular alterations observed in the muscle tissue under CLD is the decline in the muscle strength and function, as well as the increased fatigue. Morphological changes, such as a decrease in the fiber diameter and transition in the fiber type, are also reported. At the molecular level, sarcopenia for CLD is characterized by: (i) a decrease in the sarcomeric protein, such as myosin heavy chain (MHC); (ii) an increase in the ubiquitin–proteasome system markers, such as atrogin-1/MAFbx1 and MuRF-1/TRIM63; (iii) an increase in autophagy markers, such as LC3II/LC3I ratio. Among the regulators of muscle mass is the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). The non-classical axis of RAS includes the Angiotensin 1–7 [Ang-(1-7)] peptide and its receptor Mas, which in skeletal muscle has anti-atrophic effect in models of muscle wasting induced by immobilization, lipopolysaccharide, myostatin or angiotensin II. In this paper, we evaluated the effect of Ang-(1-7) on the sarcopenia by CLD in a murine model induced by the 5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine (DDC) hepatotoxin administered through diet. Our results show that Ang-(1-7) administration prevented the decline of the function and strength of muscle and increased the fatigue detected in the DDC-fed mice. Besides, we observed that the decreased fiber diameter and MHC levels, as well as the transition of fiber types, were all abolished by Ang-(1-7) in mice fed with DDC. Finally, Ang-(1-7) can decrease the atrogin-1 and MuRF-1 expression as well as the autophagy marker in mice treated with DDC. Together, our data support the protective role of Ang-(1-7) on the sarcopenia by CLD in mice.

scholarly journals Activation of the Alternate Renin-Angiotensin System Correlates with the Clinical Status in Human Cirrhosis and Corrects Post Liver Transplantation

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Casey ◽  
Robert Schierwagen ◽  
Kai Mak ◽  
Sabine Klein ◽  
Frank Uschner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Transplantation ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Clinical Status ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Blood Sampling ◽  
Ang Ii ◽  
Post Transplantation ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Renin Angiotensin

Introduction: Recent animal studies have shown that the alternate renin-angiotensin system (RAS) consisting of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), angiotensin-(1–7) (Ang-(1–7)) and the Mas receptor is upregulated in cirrhosis and contributes to splanchnic vasodilatation and portal hypertension. To determine the potential relevance of these findings to human liver disease, we evaluated its expression and relationship to the patients’ clinical status in subjects with cirrhosis. Methods: Blood sampling from peripheral and central vascular beds was performed intra-operatively for cirrhotic patients at the time of liver transplantation (LT) or trans-jugular intra-hepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) procedures to measure angiotensin II (Ang II) and Ang-(1–7) peptide levels and ACE and ACE2 enzyme activity. Relevant clinical and hemodynamic data were recorded pre-operatively for all subjects and peripheral blood sampling was repeated 3 months or later post-operatively. Results: Ang-(1–-7) and ACE2 activity were up-regulated more than twofold in cirrhotic subjects both at the time of LT and TIPS and levels returned to comparable levels as control subjects post-transplantation. Ang-(1–7) levels correlated positively with the degree of liver disease severity, as measured by the model for an end-stage liver disease (MELD) and also with clinical parameters of pathological vasodilatation including cardiac output (CO). There were strong correlations found between the ACE2:ACE and the Ang-(1–7):Ang II ratio highlighting the inter-dependence of the alternate and classical arms of the RAS and thus their potential impact on vascular tone. Conclusions: In human cirrhosis, the alternate RAS is markedly upregulated and the activation of this system is associated strongly with features of the hyperdynamic circulation in advanced human cirrhosis.

scholarly journals Prenatal exposure to lipopolysaccharide alters the intrarenal renin–angiotensin system and renal damage in offspring rats

2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue-Qin Hao ◽  
Hai-Gang Zhang ◽  
Zhi-Bing Yuan ◽  
Dan-Li Yang ◽  
Li-Yun Hao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prenatal Exposure ◽  
Renal Damage ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Renin Angiotensin

Renin-angiotensin system and fibrosis in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 979-985 ◽  
Author(s):  
George B Goh ◽  
Mangesh R Pagadala ◽  
Jaividhya Dasarathy ◽  
Aynur Unalp-Arida ◽  
Ruth Sargent ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Renin Angiotensin ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
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