scholarly journals THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN VERY EARLY BRAIN MICROSTRUCTURE AT 32 AND 40 WEEKS POSTMENSTRUAL AGE AND 12‐MONTH MOTOR OUTCOME IN VERY PRETERM BORN INFANTS: A DIFFUSION MRI STUDY

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (S1) ◽  
pp. 77-77
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Mri ◽  
Very Preterm ◽  
Motor Outcome ◽  
Postmenstrual Age ◽  
Brain Microstructure ◽  
Preterm Born ◽  
Mri Study ◽  
The Relationship

Breath-to-breath variability of exhaled CO2 as a marker of lung dysmaturity in infancy

2017 ◽  
Vol 123 (6) ◽  
pp. 1563-1570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sotirios Fouzas ◽  
Ilias Theodorakopoulos ◽  
Edgar Delgado-Eckert ◽  
Philipp Latzin ◽  
Urs Frey
Keyword(s):  
Lung Disease ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Chronic Lung Disease ◽  
Tidal Breathing ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Young Infants ◽  
Postmenstrual Age ◽  
Preterm Group ◽  
Preterm Born ◽  
The Relationship

The concept of diffusional screening implies that breath-to-breath variations in CO2 clearance, when related to the variability of breathing, may contain information on the quality and utilization of the available alveolar surface. We explored the validity of the above hypothesis in a cohort of young infants of comparable postmenstrual age but born at different stages of lung maturity, namely, in term-born infants ( n = 128), preterm-born infants without chronic lung disease of infancy (CLDI; n = 53), and preterm infants with moderate/severe CLDI ( n = 87). Exhaled CO2 volume (VE,CO2) and concentration (FE,CO2) were determined by volumetric capnography, whereas their variance was assessed by linear and nonlinear variability metrics. The relationship between relative breath-to-breath change of VE,CO2 (ΔVE,CO2) and the corresponding change of tidal volume (ΔVT) was also analyzed. Nonlinear FE,CO2 variability was lower in CLDI compared with term and non-CLDI preterm group ( P < 0.001 for both comparisons). In CLDI infants, most of the VE,CO2 variability was attributed to the variability of VT ( r2 = 0.749), whereas in term and healthy preterm infants this relationship was weaker ( r2 = 0.507 and 0.630, respectively). The ΔVE,CO2 − ΔVT slope was less steep in the CLDI group (1.06 ± 0.07) compared with non-CLDI preterm (1.16 ± 0.07; P < 0.001) and term infants (1.20 ± 0.10; P < 0.001), suggesting that the more dysmature the infant lung, the less efficiently it eliminates CO2 under tidal breathing conditions. We conclude that the temporal variation of CO2 clearance may be related to the degree of lung dysmaturity in early infancy. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Young infants exhibit appreciable breath-to-breath CO2 variability that can be quantified by nonlinear variability metrics and may reflect the degree of lung dysmaturity. In infants with moderate/severe chronic lung disease of infancy (CLDI), the variability of the exhaled CO2 is mainly driven by the variability of breathing, whereas in term-born and healthy preterm infants this relationship is less strong. The slope of the relative CO2-to-volume change is less steep in CLDI infants, suggesting that dysmature lungs are less efficient in eliminating CO2 under tidal breathing conditions.

scholarly journals Brain microstructure and morphology of very preterm-born infants at term equivalent age: Associations with motor and cognitive outcomes at 1 and 2 years

NeuroImage ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 221 ◽  
pp. 117163
Author(s):  
Kerstin Pannek ◽  
Joanne M. George ◽  
Roslyn N. Boyd ◽  
Paul B. Colditz ◽  
Stephen E. Rose ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Outcomes ◽  
Equivalent Age ◽  
Very Preterm ◽  
Brain Microstructure ◽  
Preterm Born

scholarly journals Exogenous sex hormone effects on brain microstructure in women: a diffusion MRI study in the UK Biobank

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Nabulsi ◽  
Katherine E. Lawrence ◽  
Vigneshwaran Santhalingam ◽  
Zvart Abaryan ◽  
Christina P. Boyle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Mri ◽  
Sex Hormone ◽  
Uk Biobank ◽  
Hormone Effects ◽  
Brain Microstructure ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Mri Study

scholarly journals Early nutrition and signs of metabolic syndrome at 6 y of age in children born very preterm

2018 ◽  
Vol 107 (5) ◽  
pp. 717-724 ◽  
Author(s):  
Line Hedegaard Toftlund ◽  
Susanne Halken ◽  
Lone Agertoft ◽  
Gitte Zachariassen
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Very Preterm ◽  
Early Nutrition ◽  
Metabolic Outcomes ◽  
Normal Ranges ◽  
Preterm Formula ◽  
Postmenstrual Age ◽  
Preterm Born

ABSTRACT Background In term-born infants, the risk of developing metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been shown to be associated with formula feeding and early rapid growth. Breastfeeding, however, seems to be associated with a lower risk of MetS among term-born infants. Objective The possible association between type of early nutrition, early growth, and possible influence on different metabolic outcomes at 6 y of age was investigated in very-preterm-born children. Design This study is a 6-y follow-up of 281 very-preterm-born infants with a gestational age of ≤32 wk. Infants breastfed at discharge from the hospital were randomly assigned to receive unfortified or fortified mother's milk, whereas those who were not breastfed received a preterm formula. The intervention lasted until 4 mo of corrected age. At 6 y of age, height, weight, and body mass index were measured and a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scan and blood sampling were performed. Results In total, 239 children participated in the follow-up. No differences were found between the 2 breastfed groups. Formula-fed children were more often predisposed to obesity and from families with a lower social status than were children who were breastfed only. Early rapid growth (crossing of weight percentiles with >1 SD in either direction) was seen in 53% of the children from 34 wk of postmenstrual age and until 2 mo of corrected age and was significantly correlated with several metabolic outcomes at 6 y of age. Conclusions Children fed a preterm formula postdischarge more often showed early rapid growth than did breastfed children, and early rapid growth was correlated with early signs of MetS at 6 y of age. However, all of the values were within normal ranges. This trial was registered at as NCT02078687.

scholarly journals Dynamic Change of Thyroid Hormones With Postmenstrual Age in Very Preterm Infants Born With Gestational Age <32 Weeks: A Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranran Shi ◽  
Ming Zhang ◽  
Yao Chen ◽  
Meiying Han ◽  
Ping Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Very Preterm Infants ◽  
Very Preterm ◽  
Postmenstrual Age ◽  
The Relationship

BackgroundAt present, the relationship between thyrotropin (TSH) and free thyroxine (FT4) in relation to postmenstrual age (PMA) in preterm infants is still unclear, and there is no reliable standard thyroid hormone reference ranges, resulting in different diagnostic criteria for congenital hypothyroidism been used by different newborn screening programs and different countries.ObjectivesTo investigate the relationship between TSH/FT4 and PMA in very preterm infants (VPIs) born with gestational age (GA) &lt;32 weeks and to derive thyroid function reference charts based on PMA.MethodsA prospective cohort study was performed on VPIs born with GA&lt;32 weeks and born in or transferred to the 27 neonatal intensive care units from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2019. Serial TSH and FT4 values were measured at the end of each week during the first month after birth and also at PMA36 weeks, PMA40 weeks and at discharge, respectively. The 2.5th, 5th, 50th, 95th, and 97.5th percentiles of TSH and FT4 of different PMA groups were calculated to draw the percentile charts based on PMA.Results1,093 preterm infants were included in this study. The percentile charts of TSH and FT4 levels based on PMA were drawn respectively, and the result indicated that the percentile charts of TSH values were gradually increased initially and then decreased with increasing PMA. The 97.5th percentile chart reached the peak at PMA30 weeks (17.38μIU/ml), and then decreased gradually, reaching the same level as full-term infants (9.07μIU/ml) at PMA38–40 weeks. The 2.5th percentile chart of FT4 was at its lowest point at PMA26–27 weeks (5.23pmol/L), then increased slowly with PMA and reached the same level as full-term infants at PMA38–40 weeks (10.87pmol/L). At PMA36 weeks, the reference intervals of the 2.5th to 97.5th percentiles of TSH and FT4 were 1.18–12.3μIU/ml and 8.59–25.98pmol/L, respectively.ConclusionThe percentile charts of TSH and FT4 in VPIs showed characteristic change with PMA. The results prompt that age-related cutoffs, instead of a single reference range, might be more useful to explain the thyroid function of VPIs. And repeated screening is necessary for preterm infants.

Characterizing Extracellular White Matter Pathologies Using Free Water Imaging Across the Schizophrenia Illness Course: A Multi-Site Harmonized Diffusion MRI Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 89 (9) ◽  
pp. S85
Author(s):  
Suheyla Cetin-Karayumak ◽  
Ofer Pasternak ◽  
Fan Zhang ◽  
Johanna Seitz ◽  
Doron Elad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Diffusion Mri ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Mri Study

Preterm newborn adaptive responses to daily nursing, during NICU stay, associate with the neurodevelopment, two years later

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Bembich ◽  
Francesco Maria Risso ◽  
Nicoleta Stan ◽  
Domitilla Lamba ◽  
Carolina Banova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Newborn ◽  
Adaptive Responses ◽  
Very Preterm ◽  
Autonomic Motor ◽  
Postmenstrual Age ◽  
Preterm Babies ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Spearman’S Correlation ◽  
Preterm Newborns ◽  
Bayley Scales

Objective: To evaluate if adaptive responses of very preterm newborns to NICU daily nursing, specifically bathing and weighing procedures, are associated with their neurodevelopment two years later. Study design: Twenty-six very preterm newborns, with a gestational age < 32 weeks, were enrolled. Infants' adaptive responses to daily nursing were evaluated, at 30-32-35 postmenstrual age (PMA) weeks, by an observational sheet. Neurodevelopment was assessed, at 24 months of corrected age, by the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, third edition. Autonomic, motor, and self-regulatory responses to NICU nursing were analyzed, by Spearman's correlation coefficient and multivariate linear regression, with Bayley’s cognitive, language, and motor scales. Results: Significant (P < 0.05) positive correlations of self-regulatory and autonomic responses to nursing with all Bailey’s scales were found at 30- and 32-weeks PMA. At 35 weeks PMA, only self-regulatory responses had significant positive correlations with all Bailey’s scales. When adjusted for birth weight and sex, the significant associations were confirmed only at 30- and 32-weeks PMA. Conclusion: Very preterm newborn adaptive responses to NICU daily nursing reveal to be positively related to forthcoming neurodevelopment two years later, as early as the 30th week PMA. Helping preterm babies to adapt to daily NICU nursing may promote their future neurobeahaviour.

Lung Ultrasound in Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia: Patterns and Predictors in Very Preterm Infants

Neonatology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Victoria Aldecoa-Bilbao ◽  
Mar Velilla ◽  
Marta Teresa-Palacio ◽  
Carla Balcells Esponera ◽  
Ana Herranz Barbero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia ◽  
Lung Ultrasound ◽  
Respiratory Support ◽  
Very Preterm Infants ◽  
Very Preterm ◽  
Pleural Line ◽  
Respiratory Management ◽  
Postmenstrual Age ◽  
Severity Of The Disease

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Lung ultrasound (LUS) is useful for respiratory management in very preterm infants (VPI), but little is known about the echographic patterns in bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), the relation between the image findings, and the severity of the disease and its long-term outcomes. We aimed to describe LUS patterns in BPD and analyze the accuracy of LUS to predict the need for respiratory support at 36 weeks postmenstrual age (PMA) in VPI. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Preterm infants ≤30.6 weeks of gestational age were recruited. LUS was performed at admission, at 7th, and 28th day of life (DOL) with a standardized protocol (6 zones: anterior, lateral, and posterior fields). Clinical data, respiratory outcomes, and image findings were recorded. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Eighty-nine patients were studied. Infants with BPD had significantly higher LUS score at admission, at 7th, and 28th DOL. Patients with BPD exhibited more consolidations and pleural line abnormalities at 7th and 28th DOL than those without BPD (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001), regardless of the definition used for BPD. LUS at 7th DOL predicted <i>NICHD 2001-BPD</i> with <i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.522; AUC = 0.87 (0.79–0.94), <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001, and <i>Jensen 2019-BPD</i> with <i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.315 (AUC = 0.80 [0.70–0.90], <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001). A model including mechanical ventilation &#x3e;5 days, oxygen therapy for 7 days and LUS score at 7th DOL accurately predicted the need for respiratory support at 36 weeks PMA (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.655, <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001) with an AUC = 0.90 (0.84–0.97), <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> LUS score, pleural line abnormalities, and consolidations can be useful to diagnose BPD in VPI and to predict its severity after the first week of life.

scholarly journals Probing mouse brain microstructure using oscillating gradient diffusion MRI

2011 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manisha Aggarwal ◽  
Melina V. Jones ◽  
Peter A. Calabresi ◽  
Susumu Mori ◽  
Jiangyang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Brain ◽  
Diffusion Mri ◽  
Gradient Diffusion ◽  
Brain Microstructure
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