Craniofacial orientation and parietal bone morphology in adult modern humans

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Sofia Pereira‐Pedro ◽  
Emiliano Bruner
Keyword(s):  
Parietal Bone ◽  
Bone Morphology ◽  
Modern Humans

INFLUENCE OF THE BONE MORPHOLOGY ON MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF HUMAN SKULL FOR TWO STRAIN RATE CASES

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (04) ◽  
pp. 1850046
Author(s):  
MANAF KARKAR ◽  
CHRISTOPHE MARECHAL ◽  
REMI DELILLE ◽  
GREGORY HAUGOU ◽  
FRANCOIS BRESSON ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Behavior ◽  
Mechanical Response ◽  
Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar ◽  
Parietal Bone ◽  
Hopkinson Pressure Bar ◽  
Bone Morphology ◽  
Split Hopkinson ◽  
Micro Tomography ◽  
Human Skulls ◽  
Pressure Bar

Modeling the mechanical behavior of bone is very complex due to substantial variability of the mechanical response of bone. The objective of this study is to investigate the link between morphology of the human parietal bone and its mechanical behavior in compression with two different strain rates. Five formalin-preserved human skulls were used, and 10 specimens were taken from the parietal bone of each subject. The internal geometry of the osseous material was studied with a micro-tomography device. For mechanical testing, quasi-static (0.02 s–1) tests on a conventional compression machine and dynamic tests (1500 s–1) on a split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) were conducted on 9 mm diameter samples. The results were used to examine relationships between the morphological parameters to find morphological correlations. Linkages between mechanical behavior and morphology of the human parietal bone were also analyzed to develop a behavior model based on micro-structure parameters as determined by micro-scanning.

Parietal Bone Thickness and Vascular Diameters in Adult Modern Humans: A Survey on Cranial Remains

2016 ◽  
Vol 299 (7) ◽  
pp. 888-896 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanislava Eisová ◽  
Gizéh Rangel de Lázaro ◽  
Hana Píšová ◽  
Sofia Pereira-Pedro ◽  
Emiliano Bruner
Keyword(s):  
Parietal Bone ◽  
Bone Thickness ◽  
Modern Humans

Bone morphology patterns in children with osteogenesis imperfecta

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate Citron ◽  
Elizabeth Yonko ◽  
Sobiah Khan ◽  
Erin Carter ◽  
Karl Jepsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Osteogenesis Imperfecta ◽  
Bone Morphology

Clash of signs: Putting bilingualism back into language evolution

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Samuel
Keyword(s):  
Language Evolution ◽  
Modern Human ◽  
Alarm Calls ◽  
Bilingual Children ◽  
Human Language ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Typically Developing Children ◽  
Modern Humans ◽  
The Real ◽  
Multiple Languages

Research and thinking into the cognitive aspects of language evolution has usually attempted to account for how the capacity for learning even one modern human language developed. Bilingualism has perhaps been thought of as something to think about only once the ‘real’ puzzle of monolingualism is solved, but this would assume in turn (and without evidence) that bilingualism evolved after monolingualism. All typically-developing children (and adults) are capable of learning multiple languages, and the majority of modern humans are at least bilingual. In this paper I ask whether by skipping bilingualism out of language evolution we have missed a trick. I propose that exposure to synonymous signs, such as food and alarm calls, are a necessary precondition for the abstracting away of sound from referent. In support of this possibility is evidence that modern day bilingual children are better at breaking this ‘word magic’ spell. More generally, language evolution should be viewed through the lens of bilingualism, as this is the end state we are attempting to explain.

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