scholarly journals Context and Complexity in Incremental Sentence Interpretation: An ERP Study on Temporal Quantification

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra Augurzky ◽  
Vera Hohaus ◽  
Rolf Ulrich
Keyword(s):  
Sentence Interpretation

Focus Attracts Attachment

2021 ◽  
pp. 002383092110333
Author(s):  
Katy Carlson ◽  
David Potter
Keyword(s):  
Information Structure ◽  
Focus Position ◽  
Auditory Comprehension ◽  
Perceptual Salience ◽  
Wh Questions ◽  
Prosodic Boundaries ◽  
Sentence Interpretation ◽  
Pitch Accents

There is growing evidence that pitch accents as well as prosodic boundaries can affect syntactic attachment. But is this an effect of their perceptual salience (the Salience Hypothesis), or is it because accents mark the position of focus (the Focus Attraction Hypothesis)? A pair of auditory comprehension experiments shows that focus position, as indicated by preceding wh-questions instead of by pitch accents, affects attachment by drawing the ambiguous phrase to the focus. This supports the Focus Attraction Hypothesis (or a pragmatic version of salience) for both these results and previous results of accents on attachment. These experiments show that information structure, as indicated with prosody or other means, influences sentence interpretation, and suggests a view on which modifiers are drawn to the most important information in a sentence.

“Fungsi Minyak Sebagai Penyembuh (Studi Eksegetis Injil Markus 6:13 dan Surat Yakobus 5: 14)”.

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-189
Author(s):  
Defi Ratna Sari Sihaloho
Keyword(s):  
Text Analysis ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Context Sentence ◽  
Literal Translation ◽  
Sentence Interpretation ◽  
Public Context ◽  
Interpretation Method ◽  
Name Of God

Target of this research is to know oil function as healer pursuant to epistle of Markus 6:13 and Letter of Yakobus 5: 14. Research method in writing of this erudite masterpiece is method qualitative namely with approach of study of eksegetis. In this peneltian will dig by oil function as healer in epistle of Markus 6:13 and Letter of Yakobus 5: 14 and cite other sentences related to nats dug, and also compare opinion all expert and analysing him/ it, later;then see its bearing. done/conducted Interpretation method it is of course by using stages;steps and condition interpretation of Bible, so that stages;steps weared by researcher shall be as follows: recognition of buku, text analysis, literal translation, common/ public context and special context, sentence interpretation per sentence, and skopus. Result of from study of eksegetis epistle of Markus 6:13 and Letter of Yakobus 5: 14 is oil have function as healer media to ill, which accompanied by the name of God. Keyword : Function, Oil, Healer

scholarly journals The role of case and animacy in bi-and monolingual children’s sentence interpretation in German: a developmental perspective

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Jana Gamper
Keyword(s):  
Primary School Children ◽  
Bilingual Children ◽  
Adjustment Process ◽  
Developmental Approach ◽  
Specific Effects ◽  
Dative Case ◽  
German Speaking ◽  
Sentence Interpretation ◽  
Case Markers

AbstractGerman-speaking children appear to have a strong N1-bias when interpreting non-canonical OVSsentences. During sentence interpretation, especially unambiguous accusative and dative case markers (den ‘the-ACC’ and dem ‘the-DAT’) weaken the N1-bias and help building up sentence interpretation strategies on the basis of morphological cues. Still, the N1-bias prevails beyond the age of five (Brandt et al. 2016, Cristante 2016, Dittmar et al. 2008) and remains until puberty (Lidzba et al. 2013). This paper investigates whether prototypical case-animacy coalitions (denACC + NINANIMATE and demDAT + NANIMATE ) strengthen a morphologically based sentence interpretation strategy in German. The experiment discussed in this paper tests for effects of such case-animacy coalitions in mono- and bilingual primary school children. 20 German monolinguals, 12 Dutch-German and 17 Russian-German bilinguals with a mean age of 9;6 were tested in a forced-choice off-line experiment. Results indicate that case-animacy coalitions weaken the N1-bias in OVS-conditions in German monolinguals and Dutch-German bilinguals, while no effects were found for Russian-German bilinguals. Together with an analysis of individual differences, these group-specific effects are discussed in terms of a developmental approach that represents a gradual cue strength adjustment process in mono- and bilingual children.

Prototypical influence in second language acquisition: What now for the Aspect Hypothesis

2013 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin McManus
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Second Language Acquisition ◽  
Language Acquisition ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
L2 Proficiency ◽  
Aspect Hypothesis ◽  
L2 Development ◽  
German Speaking ◽  
Sentence Interpretation

AbstractThis paper presents empirical evidence on the development of aspect by English- and German-speaking university learners of French L2 collected from a spoken narrative task and a sentence interpretation task. Contrary to the Aspect Hypothesis's predictions, this study's results suggest that increased use of prototypical pairings goes in hand with increased L2 proficiency. Following a small but growing number of studies, this study questions the route of L2 development proposed by the Aspect Hypothesis.

scholarly journals Speaker-specific processing of anomalous utterances

2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 764-778 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurel Brehm ◽  
Carrie N Jackson ◽  
Karen L Miller
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Biases ◽  
American English ◽  
English Speakers ◽  
Sentence Level ◽  
Grammatical Errors ◽  
Sentence Interpretation ◽  
English Dialect ◽  
American English Speakers

Existing work shows that readers often interpret grammatical errors (e.g., The key to the cabinets *were shiny) and sentence-level blends (“without-blend”: Claudia left without her headphones *off) in a non-literal fashion, inferring that a more frequent or more canonical utterance was intended instead. This work examines how interlocutor identity affects the processing and interpretation of anomalous sentences. We presented anomalies in the context of “emails” attributed to various writers in a self-paced reading paradigm and used comprehension questions to probe how sentence interpretation changed based upon properties of the item and properties of the “speaker.” Experiment 1 compared standardised American English speakers to L2 English speakers; Experiment 2 compared the same standardised English speakers to speakers of a non-Standardised American English dialect. Agreement errors and without-blends both led to more non-literal responses than comparable canonical items. For agreement errors, more non-literal interpretations also occurred when sentences were attributed to speakers of Standardised American English than either non-Standardised group. These data suggest that understanding sentences relies on expectations and heuristics about which utterances are likely. These are based upon experience with language, with speaker-specific differences, and upon more general cognitive biases.

scholarly journals Sentence interpretation by typically developing Vietnamese–English bilingual children

2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 507-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
GIANG PHAM ◽  
KATHRYN KOHNERT
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Word Order ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
First Language ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
English Only ◽  
Group Variation ◽  
Bilingual Group ◽  
Sentence Interpretation ◽  
Simple Sentences

ABSTRACTWe examined developing bilinguals' use of animacy and word order cues during sentence interpretation tasks administered in each of their languages. Participants were 6- to 8-year-old children who learned Vietnamese as a first language and English as a second language (n = 23). Participants listened to simple sentences and identified the agent or “doer” of the action. English-only peers (n = 23) served as a comparison group. Results indicated that the bilingual group relied more on animacy than the English-only group when interpreting sentences in English and that the bilingual group used a blending or “amalgamation” of cues to interpret English and Vietnamese sentences. Significant within-group variation in cue preference was investigated as a function of age and proficiency in the first language and second language.

scholarly journals Sentence interpretation in normal and aphasic Hindi speakers

1991 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 250-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyotsna Vaid ◽  
Rama Pandit
Keyword(s):  
Sentence Interpretation

scholarly journals “Whatdunit?” Developmental changes in children's syntactically based sentence interpretation abilities and sensitivity to word order

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 1281-1309 ◽  
Author(s):  
JAMES W. MONTGOMERY ◽  
JULIA L. EVANS ◽  
RONALD B. GILLAM ◽  
ALEXANDER V. SERGEEV ◽  
MIANISHA C. FINNEY
Keyword(s):  
Word Order ◽  
Language Impairment ◽  
Specific Language Impairment ◽  
Sentence Type ◽  
Developmental Changes ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Specific Language ◽  
Agent Selection ◽  
Sentence Interpretation

ABSTRACTAim 1 of this study was to examine the developmental changes in typically developing English-speaking children's syntactically based sentence interpretation abilities and sensitivity to word order. Aim 2 was to determine the psychometric standing of the novel sentence interpretation task developed for this study, because we wish to use it later with children with specific language impairment. Children listened to semantically implausible sentences in which noun animacy and the natural affordance between the nouns were removed, thus controlling for event probability. Using this novel “whatdunit?” agent selection task, 256 children 7–11 years old listened to two structures with canonical word order and two with noncanonical word order. After each sentence, children selected as quickly as possible the picture of the noun they believed was “doing the action.” Children interpreted sentences with canonical word order with greater accuracy and speed than those with noncanonical word order. Older children (mean age = 10 years, 8 months) were more accurate and faster than younger children (mean age = 8 years, 1 month) across all sentence forms. Both older and younger children demonstrated similar error patterns across sentence type. The “whatdunit?” task also proved to have strong validity and reliability, making it suitable for studies with children with specific language impairment.

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