The role of trauma-related cognitive processes in the relationship between combat-PTSD symptom severity and anger expression and control

2015 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen L. Germain ◽  
Maria Kangas ◽  
Alan Taylor ◽  
David Forbes
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Ptsd Symptom ◽  
Anger Expression ◽  
Ptsd Symptom Severity ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship

Self-Compassion and Responses to Trauma: The Role of Emotion Regulation

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (13) ◽  
pp. 2016-2036 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arielle A. J. Scoglio ◽  
Deirdre A. Rudat ◽  
Donn Garvert ◽  
Maggie Jarmolowski ◽  
Christie Jackson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Emotion Dysregulation ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Ptsd Symptom ◽  
Clinical Population ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Ptsd Symptom Severity ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Emerging literature suggests that self-compassion may be an important concept for understanding recovery from the impact of trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The present study explored the interconnection among self-compassion, resilience, emotion dysregulation, and PTSD symptom severity in a sample of treatment-seeking women with PTSD. We predicted that self-compassion would be negatively related to PTSD symptom severity and to emotion dysregulation, and positively related to resilience. The results supported our main hypotheses. In addition, emotion dysregulation mediated the relationship between PTSD symptom severity and self-compassion and affected the relationship between self-compassion and resilience. These findings corroborate previous research that points to the important role of self-compassion in mental health and in the aftermath of stressful life events. The present study expands this research by demonstrating that PTSD symptom severity is negatively related to self-compassion in a clinical population of women with experiences of severe and repeated interpersonal trauma.

Gender Differences in Complex Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms, and Their Relationship to Mental Health and Substance Abuse Outcomes in Incarcerated Adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 1133-1157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulette Giarratano ◽  
Julian D. Ford ◽  
Thomas H. Nochajski
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Gender Difference ◽  
Behavioral Health ◽  
Childhood Abuse ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Ptsd Symptom ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Ptsd Symptom Severity ◽  
The Relationship

Complex trauma (CT; for example, childhood abuse) has been associated with significant behavioral health problems (i.e., mental health and substance use disorders) and symptoms that are consistent with complex posttraumatic stress disorder (C-PTSD). CT is prevalent in adult forensic populations, and particularly important for women as they tend to report more adverse consequences of exposure to traumatic stressors and are entering the criminal justice system at a heightened rate compared with men. However, no studies have empirically tested the relationship among CT, C-PTSD, and behavioral health problems with gender among incarcerated adults. The present study examined the relationship between gender and childhood abuse history, C-PTSD symptom severity, and behavioral health problems in 497 incarcerated adults. Findings indicate that women were more likely to report a history of childhood abuse, and more severe C-PTSD symptoms and behavioral health problems than men. Childhood abuse history significantly accounted for the gender difference observed in C-PTSD symptom severity. C-PTSD partially mediated the gender difference in psychiatric morbidity and in risk of hard drug use. Implications for trauma-informed and gender-responsive services and research in the adult criminal justice system are discussed.

scholarly journals Heart Rate Variability and Cognitive Bias Feedback Interventions to Prevent Post-deployment PTSD: Results from a Randomized Controlled Trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 184 (1-2) ◽  
pp. e124-e132
Author(s):  
Jeffrey M Pyne ◽  
Joseph I Constans ◽  
John T Nanney ◽  
Mark D Wiederhold ◽  
Douglas P Gibson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Cognitive Bias ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Ptsd Symptom ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Cluster Randomization ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Resilience Training ◽  
Ptsd Symptom Severity ◽  
And Control

Abstract Introduction There is a long history of pre-deployment PTSD prevention efforts in the military and effective pre-deployment strategies to prevent post-deployment PTSD are still needed. Materials and Methods This randomized controlled trial included three arms: heart rate variability biofeedback (HRVB), cognitive bias modification for interpretation (CBM-I), and control. The hypothesis was that pre-deployment resilience training would result in lower post-deployment PTSD symptoms compared with control. Army National Guard soldiers (n = 342) were enrolled in the Warriors Achieving Resilience (WAR) study and analyzed. The outcome was PTSD symptom severity using the PTSD Checklist – Military version (PCL) measured at pre-deployment, 3- and 12-month post-deployment. Due to the repeated measures for each participant and cluster randomization at the company level, generalized linear mixed models were used for the analysis. This study was approved by the Army Human Research Protection Office, Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System Institutional Review Board (IRB), and Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care System IRB. Results Overall, there was no significant intervention effect. However, there were significant intervention effects for subgroups of soldiers. For example, at 3-months post-deployment, the HRVB arm had significantly lower PCL scores than the control arm for soldiers with no previous combat zone exposure who were age 30 and older and for soldiers with previous combat zone exposure who were 45 and older (unadjusted effect size −0.97 and −1.03, respectively). A significant difference between the CBM-I and control arms was found for soldiers without previous combat zone exposure between ages 23 and 42 (unadjusted effect size −0.41). Similarly, at 12-months post-deployment, the HRVB arm had significantly lower PCL scores in older soldiers. Conclusion Pre-deployment resilience training was acceptable and feasible and resulted in lower post-deployment PTSD symptom scores in subgroups of older soldiers compared with controls. Strengths of the study included cluster randomization at the company level, use of iPod device to deliver the resilience intervention throughout the deployment cycle, and minimal disruption of pre-deployment training by using self-paced resilience training. Weaknesses included self-report app use, study personnel not able to contact soldiers during deployment, and in general a low level of PTSD symptom severity throughout the study. In future studies, it would important for the study team and/or military personnel implementing the resilience training to be in frequent contact with participants to ensure proper use of the resilience training apps.

Increases in retrospective accounts of war-zone exposure over time: The role of PTSD symptom severity

1998 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 597-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lizabeth Roemer ◽  
Brett T. Litz ◽  
Susan M. Orsillo ◽  
Peter J. Ehlich ◽  
Matthew J. Friedman
Keyword(s):  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Ptsd Symptom ◽  
War Zone ◽  
Ptsd Symptom Severity ◽  
Over Time

The relationship between perceived value of military service and PTSD symptom severity

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Carter ◽  
Elizabeth Allen ◽  
Ben Loew ◽  
Howard Markman ◽  
Scott Stanley
Keyword(s):  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Ptsd Symptom ◽  
Perceived Value ◽  
Ptsd Symptom Severity ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals 0949 The Relationship between Heavy Alcohol Use and Insomnia on PTSD Symptom Severity

SLEEP ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. A352-A352
Author(s):  
P J Colvonen ◽  
L D Straus ◽  
S P Drummond ◽  
S B Norman
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Ptsd Symptom ◽  
Heavy Alcohol ◽  
Heavy Alcohol Use ◽  
Ptsd Symptom Severity ◽  
The Relationship
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