scholarly journals The Impact of Alcohol Use on Frontal White Matter in HIV

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (9) ◽  
pp. 1640-1649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph M. Gullett ◽  
Damon G. Lamb ◽  
Eric Porges ◽  
Adam J. Woods ◽  
Jake Rieke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Frontal White Matter ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Multimodal neuroimaging of frontal white matter microstructure in early phase schizophrenia: the impact of early adolescent cannabis use

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Denise Bernier ◽  
Jacob Cookey ◽  
David McAllindon ◽  
Robert Bartha ◽  
Christopher C Hanstock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Early Phase ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Early Adolescent ◽  
Multimodal Neuroimaging ◽  
White Matter Microstructure ◽  
Frontal White Matter ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Effects of Aging on Frontal White Matter Microstructure in Alcohol Use Disorder and Associations With Processing Speed

2015 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 296-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott F. Sorg ◽  
Lindsay M. Squeglia ◽  
Michael J. Taylor ◽  
Omar M. Alhassoon ◽  
Lisa M. Delano-Wood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
White Matter Microstructure ◽  
Frontal White Matter ◽  
Effects Of Aging

scholarly journals Does parental permissiveness toward cigarette smoking and alcohol use influence illicit drug use among adolescents? A longitudinal study in seven European countries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emina Mehanović ◽  
Federica Vigna-Taglianti ◽  
Fabrizio Faggiano ◽  
Maria Rosaria Galanti ◽  
Barbara Zunino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Longitudinal Data ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
European Countries ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Purpose Adolescents’ perceptions of parental norms may influence their substance use. The relationship between parental norms toward cigarette and alcohol use, and the use of illicit substances among their adolescent children is not sufficiently investigated. The purpose of this study was to analyze this relationship, including gender differences, using longitudinal data from a large population-based study. Methods The present study analyzed longitudinal data from 3171 12- to 14-year-old students in 7 European countries allocated to the control arm of the European Drug Addiction Prevention trial. The impact of parental permissiveness toward cigarettes and alcohol use reported by the students at baseline on illicit drug use at 6-month follow-up was analyzed through multilevel logistic regression models, stratified by gender. Whether adolescents’ own use of cigarette and alcohol mediated the association between parental norms and illicit drug use was tested through mediation models. Results Parental permissive norms toward cigarette smoking and alcohol use at baseline predicted adolescents’ illicit drug use at follow-up. The association was stronger among boys than among girls and was mediated by adolescents’ own cigarette and alcohol use. Conclusion Perceived parental permissiveness toward the use of legal drugs predicted adolescents’ use of illicit drugs, especially among boys. Parents should be made aware of the importance of norm setting, and supported in conveying clear messages of disapproval of all substances.

scholarly journals A Case Report of Adult-Onset Alexander Disease with a Tumor-Like Lesion in the Lateral Ventricle

2021 ◽  
pp. 355-360
Author(s):  
Tongjia Cai ◽  
Sisi Jing ◽  
Ying Li ◽  
Jianjun Wu
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Contrast Enhancement ◽  
Medulla Oblongata ◽  
Lateral Ventricle ◽  
Brain Lesion ◽  
Alexander Disease ◽  
Adult Onset ◽  
White Matter Abnormality ◽  
Frontal White Matter ◽  
Upper Cervical

Adult-onset Alexander disease (AOAD) is an autosomal dominant progressive astrogliopathy caused by pathogenic variants in glial fibrillary acidic protein (<i>GFAP</i>). Individuals with this disorder often present with a typical neuroradiologic pattern, including frontal white matter abnormality with contrast enhancement, atrophy and signal intensity changes of the medulla oblongata and upper cervical cord on MRI. Focal lesions are rarely seen in AOAD, which causes concern for primary malignancies. This study aimed to present the case of a 37-year-old male patient initially diagnosed with an astrocytoma in the lateral ventricle that was later identified as GFAP mutation-confirmed AOAD. <i>GFAP</i> sequencing revealed a heterogeneous missense mutation point c.236G&#x3e;A. Hence, AOAD should be considered in patients with tumor-like lesion brain lesion in association with atrophy of medulla oblongata and upper cervical spinal cord, and frontal white matter abnormality with contrast enhancement.

scholarly journals Retrospective analysis of hemispheric structural network change as a function of location and size of glioma

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shawn D’Souza ◽  
Lisa Hirt ◽  
David R Ormond ◽  
John A Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Structural Network ◽  
Tumour Location ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Tractography Data ◽  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging Tractography

Abstract Gliomas are neoplasms that arise from glial cell origin and represent the largest fraction of primary malignant brain tumours (77%). These highly infiltrative malignant cell clusters modify brain structure and function through expansion, invasion and intratumoral modification. Depending on the growth rate of the tumour, location and degree of expansion, functional reorganization may not lead to overt changes in behaviour despite significant cerebral adaptation. Studies in simulated lesion models and in patients with stroke reveal both local and distal functional disturbances, using measures of anatomical brain networks. Investigations over the last two decades have sought to use diffusion tensor imaging tractography data in the context of intracranial tumours to improve surgical planning, intraoperative functional localization, and post-operative interpretation of functional change. In this study, we used diffusion tensor imaging tractography to assess the impact of tumour location on the white matter structural network. To better understand how various lobe localized gliomas impact the topology underlying efficiency of information transfer between brain regions, we identified the major alterations in brain network connectivity patterns between the ipsilesional versus contralesional hemispheres in patients with gliomas localized to the frontal, parietal or temporal lobe. Results were indicative of altered network efficiency and the role of specific brain regions unique to different lobe localized gliomas. This work draws attention to connections and brain regions which have shared structural susceptibility in frontal, parietal and temporal lobe glioma cases. This study also provides a preliminary anatomical basis for understanding which affected white matter pathways may contribute to preoperative patient symptomology.

White Matter Alteration Following SWAT Explosive Breaching Training and the Moderating Effect of a Neck Collar Device: A DTI and NODDI Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weihong Yuan ◽  
Jonathan Dudley ◽  
Alexis B Slutsky-Ganesh ◽  
James Leach ◽  
Pete Scheifele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Blast Exposure ◽  
Diffusion Weighted ◽  
Weighted Data ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT Introduction Special Weapons and Tactics (SWAT) personnel who practice breaching with blast exposure are at risk for blast-related head trauma. We aimed to investigate the impact of low-level blast exposure on underlying white matter (WM) microstructure based on diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and neurite orientation and density imaging (NODDI) in SWAT personnel before and after breacher training. Diffusion tensor imaging is an advanced MRI technique sensitive to underlying WM alterations. NODDI is a novel MRI technique emerged recently that acquires diffusion weighted data from multiple shells modeling for different compartments in the microstructural environment in the brain. We also aimed to evaluate the effect of a jugular vein compression collar device in mitigating the alteration of the diffusion properties in the WM as well as its role as a moderator on the association between the diffusion property changes and the blast exposure. Materials and Methods Twenty-one SWAT personnel (10 non-collar and 11 collar) completed the breacher training and underwent MRI at both baseline and after blast exposure. Diffusion weighted data were acquired with two shells (b = 1,000, 2,000 s/mm2) on 3T Phillips scanners. Diffusion tensor imaging metrices, including fractional anisotropy, mean, axial, and radial diffusivity, and NODDI metrics, including neurite density index (NDI), isotropic volume fraction (fiso), and orientation dispersion index, were calculated. Tract-based spatial statistics was used in the voxel-wise statistical analysis. Post hoc analyses were performed for the quantification of the pre- to post-blast exposure diffusion percentage change in the WM regions with significant group difference and for the assessment of the interaction of the relationship between blast exposure and diffusion alteration. Results The non-collar group exhibited significant pre- to post-blast increase in NDI (corrected P &lt; .05) in the WM involving the right internal capsule, the right posterior corona radiation, the right posterior thalamic radiation, and the right sagittal stratum. A subset of these regions showed significantly greater alteration in NDI and fiso in the non-collar group when compared with those in the collar group (corrected P &lt; .05). In addition, collar wearing exhibited a significant moderating effect for the alteration of fiso for its association with average peak pulse pressure. Conclusions Our data provided initial evidence of the impact of blast exposure on WM diffusion alteration based on both DTI and NODDI. The mitigating effect of WM diffusivity changes and the moderating effect of collar wearing suggest that the device may serve as a promising solution to protect WM against blast exposure.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document