Laser scanning for semiconductor mask pattern generation

2002 ◽  
Vol 90 (10) ◽  
pp. 1653-1669 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.C. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Pattern Generation ◽  
Mask Pattern

Characterization of an integrated multibeam laser mask-pattern generation and dry etch processing total solution

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex H. Buxbaum ◽  
Melisa J. Buie ◽  
Brigitte C. Stoehr ◽  
Warren Montgomery ◽  
Scott E. Fuller
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Generation ◽  
Mask Pattern ◽  
Dry Etch

Considerations in the Choice of Mask Pattern Generation Technique

1990 ◽  
Vol 36 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 169-175
Author(s):  
Rakesh Kumar ◽  
D N Singh ◽  
M J Zarabi
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Generation ◽  
Mask Pattern ◽  
Generation Technique

scholarly journals Horizontal Visibility in Forests

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 4455
Author(s):  
Mait Lang ◽  
Andres Kuusk ◽  
Kersti Vennik ◽  
Aive Liibusk ◽  
Kristina Türk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Structure ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Important Variable ◽  
Pattern Generation ◽  
Forest Understory ◽  
Arc Length ◽  
Forest Stands ◽  
Horizontal Visibility ◽  
Structure Indices

The important variable of horizontal visibility within forest stands is gaining increasing attention in studies and applications involving terrestrial laser scanning (TLS), photographic measurements of forest structure, and autonomous mobility. We investigated distributions of visibility distance, open arc length, and shaded arc length in three mature forest stands. Our analysis was based (1) on tree position maps and TLS data collected in 2013 and 2019 with three different scanners, and (2) on simulated digital twins of the forest stands, constructed with two pattern-generation models incorporating commonly used indices of tree position clumping. The model simulations were found to yield values for visibility almost identical to those calculated from the corresponding tree location maps. The TLS measurements, however, were found to diverge notably from the simulations. Overall, the probability of free line of sight was found to decrease exponentially with distance to target, and the probabilities of open arc length and shaded arc length were found to decrease and increase, respectively, with distance from the observer. The TLS measurements, which are sensitive to forest understory vegetation, were found to indicate increased visibility after vegetation removal. Our chosen visibility prediction models support practical forest management, being based on common forest inventory parameters and on widely used forest structure indices.

Optical proximity correction: Mask pattern-generation challenges

1996 ◽  
Vol 30 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 115-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Jonckheere ◽  
A. Wong ◽  
A. Yen ◽  
K. Ronse ◽  
L. Van den hove
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Generation ◽  
Mask Pattern ◽  
Optical Proximity Correction

3-D imaging of cells using a confocal laser scanning microscope and digital image processing

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 96-97
Author(s):  
Thomas M. Jovin ◽  
Michel Robert-Nicoud ◽  
Donna J. Arndt-Jovin ◽  
Thorsten Schormann
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Confocal Laser Scanning ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Scanning Microscope ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscope ◽  
Biochemical Processes ◽  
Adjacent Structures

Light microscopic techniques for visualizing biomolecules and biochemical processes in situ have become indispensable in studies concerning the structural organization of supramolecular assemblies in cells and of processes during the cell cycle, transformation, differentiation, and development. Confocal laser scanning microscopy offers a number of advantages for the in situ localization and quantitation of fluorescence labeled targets and probes: (i) rejection of interfering signals emanating from out-of-focus and adjacent structures, allowing the “optical sectioning” of the specimen and 3-D reconstruction without time consuming deconvolution; (ii) increased spatial resolution; (iii) electronic control of contrast and magnification; (iv) simultanous imaging of the specimen by optical phenomena based on incident, scattered, emitted, and transmitted light; and (v) simultanous use of different fluorescent probes and types of detectors.We currently use a confocal laser scanning microscope CLSM (Zeiss, Oberkochen) equipped with 3-laser excitation (u.v - visible) and confocal optics in the fluorescence mode, as well as a computer-controlled X-Y-Z scanning stage with 0.1 μ resolution.

Algorithms for automated montage synthesis of images from laser-scanning confocal microscopes

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 650-651
Author(s):  
D. E. Becker
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Cell Counting ◽  
Wide Area ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Computational Synthesis ◽  
Automated Cell Counting ◽  
Partial View ◽  
The Individual

An efficient, robust, and widely-applicable technique is presented for computational synthesis of high-resolution, wide-area images of a specimen from a series of overlapping partial views. This technique can also be used to combine the results of various forms of image analysis, such as segmentation, automated cell counting, deblurring, and neuron tracing, to generate representations that are equivalent to processing the large wide-area image, rather than the individual partial views. This can be a first step towards quantitation of the higher-level tissue architecture. The computational approach overcomes mechanical limitations, such as hysterisis and backlash, of microscope stages. It also automates a procedure that is currently done manually. One application is the high-resolution visualization and/or quantitation of large batches of specimens that are much wider than the field of view of the microscope.The automated montage synthesis begins by computing a concise set of landmark points for each partial view. The type of landmarks used can vary greatly depending on the images of interest. In many cases, image analysis performed on each data set can provide useful landmarks. Even when no such “natural” landmarks are available, image processing can often provide useful landmarks.

3-Dimensional immunolabeling and in situ hybridization detection using fluorescence photooxidation and intermediate-voltage Electron Microscopy

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 164-165
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Deerinck ◽  
Maryann E. Martone ◽  
Varda Lev-Ram ◽  
David P. L. Green ◽  
Roger Y. Tsien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope ◽  
Fluorescent Dye ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Voltage Electron ◽  
Dimensional Distribution ◽  
Electron Microscopes ◽  
New Generation

The confocal laser scanning microscope has become a powerful tool in the study of the 3-dimensional distribution of proteins and specific nucleic acid sequences in cells and tissues. This is also proving to be true for a new generation of high contrast intermediate voltage electron microscopes (IVEM). Until recently, the number of labeling techniques that could be employed to allow examination of the same sample with both confocal and IVEM was rather limited. One method that can be used to take full advantage of these two technologies is fluorescence photooxidation. Specimens are labeled by a fluorescent dye and viewed with confocal microscopy followed by fluorescence photooxidation of diaminobenzidine (DAB). In this technique, a fluorescent dye is used to photooxidize DAB into an osmiophilic reaction product that can be subsequently visualized with the electron microscope. The precise reaction mechanism by which the photooxidation occurs is not known but evidence suggests that the radiationless transfer of energy from the excited-state dye molecule undergoing the phenomenon of intersystem crossing leads to the formation of reactive oxygen species such as singlet oxygen. It is this reactive oxygen that is likely crucial in the photooxidation of DAB.

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