New developments at AT&S in the area of advanced materials for printed wiring boards

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.M. Krziwanek
Keyword(s):  
Advanced Materials ◽  
Printed Wiring Boards ◽  
New Developments

scholarly journals Recent Advances in Brazing Fillers for Joining of Dissimilar Materials

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1037
Author(s):  
Byungmin Ahn
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Dissimilar Materials ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
New Developments ◽  
Brazing Fillers ◽  
Dental Crowns ◽  
Microelectronic Devices ◽  
Metallic Implants ◽  
Ceramic Components ◽  
High Level

Brazing fillers for joining applications are essential for manufacturing and designing advanced materials. Several types of brazing fillers have been developed in recent decades to join similar or different engineering materials. Important parts of automotive and aircraft components, including steel, are often joined by brazing. In addition, ceramic components in microwave devices and circuits have been joined with a high level of integration in microelectronic devices. Similarly, in the medical field, metallic implants have been brazed to ceramic dental crowns. These advances have made human life more convenient. However, in brazing, there are certain issues with intermetallic compound (IMC) formation and residual stresses in joints at high temperatures. Nanoparticle-reinforced fillers have been proposed to control IMCs, but there are other dispersion and particle segregation issues at the joints. In this study, various types of brazing fillers, joint fabrication processes, and brazing technologies developed in recent decades are reviewed. Furthermore, new developments in brazing materials and their specific applications are presented. Finally, the emerging areas in brazing, including the recent entropy-modified brazing fillers for various structural and technological fields, are discussed.

Quantitative nano-characterization of heterogeneous catalysts

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 398-399
Author(s):  
P.A. Crozier ◽  
M. Pan
Keyword(s):  
Heterogeneous Catalysts ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Catalyst Characterization ◽  
New Developments ◽  
Double Phase ◽  
Phase Systems ◽  
Dose Imaging

Heterogeneous catalysts can be of varying complexity ranging from single or double phase systems to complicated mixtures of metals and oxides with additives to help promote chemical reactions, extend the life of the catalysts, prevent poisoning etc. Although catalysis occurs on the surface of most systems, detailed descriptions of the microstructure and chemistry of catalysts can be helpful for developing an understanding of the mechanism by which a catalyst facilitates a reaction. Recent years have seen continued development and improvement of various TEM, STEM and AEM techniques for yielding information on the structure and chemistry of catalysts on the nanometer scale. Here we review some quantitative approaches to catalyst characterization that have resulted from new developments in instrumentation.HREM has been used to examine structural features of catalysts often by employing profile imaging techniques to study atomic details on the surface. Digital recording techniques employing slow-scan CCD cameras have facilitated the use of low-dose imaging in zeolite structure analysis and electron crystallography. Fig. la shows a low-dose image from SSZ-33 zeolite revealing the presence of a stacking fault.

Biomimetic materials: An introduction

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1020-1021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Sarikaya ◽  
J. T. Staley ◽  
I. A. Aksay
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Structural Control ◽  
Hierarchical Structures ◽  
Ceramic Composites ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
Length Scale ◽  
Spider Webs ◽  
Biomimetic Materials ◽  
Synthetic Materials ◽  
All Ceramic

Biomimetics is an area of research in which the analysis of structures and functions of natural materials provide a source of inspiration for design and processing concepts for novel synthetic materials. Through biomimetics, it may be possible to establish structural control on a continuous length scale, resulting in superior structures able to withstand the requirements placed upon advanced materials. It is well recognized that biological systems efficiently produce complex and hierarchical structures on the molecular, micrometer, and macro scales with unique properties, and with greater structural control than is possible with synthetic materials. The dynamism of these systems allows the collection and transport of constituents; the nucleation, configuration, and growth of new structures by self-assembly; and the repair and replacement of old and damaged components. These materials include all-organic components such as spider webs and insect cuticles (Fig. 1); inorganic-organic composites, such as seashells (Fig. 2) and bones; all-ceramic composites, such as sea urchin teeth, spines, and other skeletal units (Fig. 3); and inorganic ultrafine magnetic and semiconducting particles produced by bacteria and algae, respectively (Fig. 4).

Instrumental Assessment in Cleft Palate Care

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamie Perry ◽  
Graham Schenck
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Palate ◽  
New Developments ◽  
Perceptual Evaluation ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Instrumental Assessment ◽  
Speech Language Pathologist ◽  
Hypernasal Speech ◽  
Perceptual Assessment ◽  
Velopharyngeal Function ◽  
And Function

Despite advances in surgical management, it is estimated that 20–30% of children with repaired cleft palate will continue to have hypernasal speech and require a second surgery to create normal velopharyngeal function (Bricknell, McFadden, & Curran, 2002; Härtel, Karsten, & Gundlach, 1994; McWilliams, 1990). A qualitative perceptual assessment by a speech-language pathologist is considered the most important step of the evaluation for children with resonance disorders (Peterson-Falzone, Hardin-Jones, & Karnell, 2010). Direct and indirect instrumental analyses should be used to confirm or validate the perceptual evaluation of an experienced speech-language pathologist (Paal, Reulbach, Strobel-Schwarthoff, Nkenke, & Schuster, 2005). The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of current instrumental assessment methods used in cleft palate care. Both direct and indirect instrumental procedures will be reviewed with descriptions of the advantages and disadvantages of each. Lastly, new developments for evaluating velopharyngeal structures and function will be provided.

New developments in hematopoetic stem cell transplantation

2002 ◽  
Vol 59 (11) ◽  
pp. 571-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gratwohl
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Ältere Patienten ◽  
Solide Tumoren ◽  
Aplastische Anämie ◽  
New Developments ◽  
Lymphoproliferative Erkrankungen ◽  
Hematopoetic Stem Cell ◽  
Angeborene Erkrankungen ◽  
Hematopoetic Stem Cell Transplantation

Die Transplantation hämatopoietischer Stammzellen umfasst heute Stammzellen aus Knochenmark, peripherem Blut oder Nabelschnurblut. Leukämien, Lymphoproliferative Erkrankungen, aplastische Anämie und schwere angeborene Erkrankungen des Knochenmarkes sind Hauptindikationen für allogene, lymphoproliferative Erkrankungen, Leukämien, solide Tumoren und schwere Autoimmunkrankheiten Hauptindikationen für autologe Transplantationen. Neue Verfahren wie reduzierte Konditionierung und selektive Gabe von Spenderlymphozyten eröffnen die Stammzelltransplantation auch für ältere Patienten und für solche mit vorbestehender Komorbidität. Wenn immer möglich, wird die Transplantation ab Diagnose in den Behandlungsplan integriert. Die Wahl des Verfahrens und des geeigneten Zeitpunktes wird nach individuellem Risikoprofil erstellt. Alter oder Diagnose sind nicht mehr alleinige Entscheidungskriterien. Als etablierte Therapieform dürfte die hämatopoietische Stammzelltransplantation als Modell dienen für Stammzelltransplantationen auch anderer Organe.

What’s Next?

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Vorderer
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
New Developments ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
Entertainment Products ◽  
Entertainment Theory

This paper points to new developments in the context of entertainment theory. Starting from a background of well-established theories that have been proposed and elaborated mainly by Zillmann and his collaborators since the 1980s, a new two-factor model of entertainment is introduced. This model encompasses “enjoyment” and “appreciation” as two independent factors. In addition, several open questions regarding cultural differences in humans’ responses to entertainment products or the usefulness of various theoretical concepts like “presence,” “identification,” or “transportation” are also discussed. Finally, the question of why media users are seeking entertainment is brought to the forefront, and a possibly relevant need such as the “search for meaningfulness” is mentioned as a possible major candidate for such an explanation.

Behavioral Testing of Mice Concerning Anxiety and Depression

2015 ◽  
Vol 223 (3) ◽  
pp. 151-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Schweinfurth ◽  
Undine E. Lang
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Influences ◽  
Sickness Behavior ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Housing Conditions ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Behavioral Testing ◽  
New Developments ◽  
Animal Trials ◽  
Resilience Factors

Abstract. In the development of new psychiatric drugs and the exploration of their efficacy, behavioral testing in mice has always shown to be an inevitable procedure. By studying the behavior of mice, diverse pathophysiological processes leading to depression, anxiety, and sickness behavior have been revealed. Moreover, laboratory research in animals increased at least the knowledge about the involvement of a multitude of genes in anxiety and depression. However, multiple new possibilities to study human behavior have been developed recently and improved and enable a direct acquisition of human epigenetic, imaging, and neurotransmission data on psychiatric pathologies. In human beings, the high influence of environmental and resilience factors gained scientific importance during the last years as the search for key genes in the development of affective and anxiety disorders has not been successful. However, environmental influences in human beings themselves might be better understood and controllable than in mice, where environmental influences might be as complex and subtle. The increasing possibilities in clinical research and the knowledge about the complexity of environmental influences and interferences in animal trials, which had been underestimated yet, question more and more to what extent findings from laboratory animal research translate to human conditions. However, new developments in behavioral testing of mice involve the animals’ welfare and show that housing conditions of laboratory mice can be markedly improved without affecting the standardization of results.

New Developments in Adult Attachment: A Call for Re-Bowlbyization

1996 ◽  
Vol 41 (8) ◽  
pp. 811-813
Author(s):  
Lee A. Kirkpatrick
Keyword(s):  
Adult Attachment ◽  
New Developments
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