scholarly journals Deadlock-Free Adaptive Routing in Meshes Based on Cost-Effective Deadlock Avoidance Schemes

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Xiang ◽  
Yueli Zhang ◽  
Yi Pan ◽  
Jie Wu
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Routing ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Deadlock Avoidance

scholarly journals The Cost of Adaptivity and Virtual Lanes in a Wormhole Router

VLSI Design ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 315-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuhiro Aoyama ◽  
Andrew A. Chien
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Routing ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Deadlock Prevention ◽  
Channel Utilization ◽  
Virtual Channels ◽  
Crossbar Switches ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Virtual Lane ◽  
The Cost

We examine the cost in router complexity of adaptivity and virtual lanes in wormhole routers, using f-flat adaptive routers (based on a generalization of planar-adaptive routing) which include routers with a range of routing freedom. Our studies show that adaptivity is expensive because it requires additional virtual channels and much larger crossbar switches for both adaptivity and deadlock prevention. Increases of 50 to 100% in channel utilization are required to justify additional degrees of routing freedom.Three internal router architectures for virtual lanes are examined and the fully expanded crossbar is found to be most effective because it gives simplest control and minimal internal blocking. Examining router designs with from 1–16 virtual lanes indicates that 30% improvements in channel utilization are required to justify each additional virtual lane. These studies combined with published simulation results indicate that only modest numbers of virtual lanes are likely to be cost effective.

First-Last: A Cost-Effective Adaptive Routing Solution for TSV-Based Three-Dimensional Networks-on-Chip

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (10) ◽  
pp. 1430-1444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Charif ◽  
Alexandre Coelho ◽  
Masoumeh Ebrahimi ◽  
Nader Bagherzadeh ◽  
Nacer-Eddine Zergainoh
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Adaptive Routing ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Networks On Chip ◽  
On Chip

CHANNEL CLASSES: A NEW CONCEPT FOR DEADLOCK AVOIDANCE IN WORMHOLE NETWORKS

1992 ◽  
Vol 02 (04) ◽  
pp. 347-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOSÉ DUATO
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Algorithm ◽  
Adaptive Routing ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Routing Algorithms ◽  
Equivalence Classes ◽  
Deadlock Avoidance ◽  
Previous Theory ◽  
Deadlock Freedom ◽  
Store And Forward ◽  
Wormhole Networks

In previous papers, we have developed the theoretical background for the design of deadlock-free adaptive routing algorithms for store-and-forward and wormhole networks. Some definitions and theorems have been proposed, developing conditions to verify that an adaptive algorithm is deadlock-free, even when there are cyclic dependencies between channels. Also, two design methodologies have been proposed. In this paper, we propose a partial order between channels as well as an equivalence relation. This relation splits the set of channels into equivalence classes. Then, we extend our previous theory by considering equivalence classes (channel classes) instead of channels. This extension drastically simplifies the verification of deadlock freedom for adaptive routing algorithms with cyclic dependencies between channels. Finally, we present an example.

A Cost Effective Centralized Adaptive Routing for Networks-on-Chip

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ran Manevich ◽  
Israel Cidon ◽  
Avinoam Kolodny ◽  
Isask'har Walter ◽  
Shmuel Wimer
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Routing ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Networks On Chip ◽  
On Chip

A PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF ADAPTIVE ROUTING IN BIDIMENSIONAL CUT-THROUGH NETWORKS

1993 ◽  
Vol 03 (04) ◽  
pp. 469-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. ARRUABARRENA ◽  
R. BEIVIDE ◽  
C. IZU ◽  
J. MIGUEL
Keyword(s):  
Flow Control ◽  
Storage Capacity ◽  
Adaptive Routing ◽  
Massively Parallel ◽  
Deadlock Avoidance ◽  
Parallel Processor ◽  
Ideal Case ◽  
Routing Strategy ◽  
Massively Parallel Processor ◽  
Message Flow

The performance of the communication network of a massively parallel processor depends, among other parameters, on the network topology, the message flow control and the routing mechanisms. This paper analyses the gains in average message latency and maximum sustained throughput that can be achieved using an adaptive routing strategy instead of an oblivious one. Two different bidimensional topologies have been studied, mesh and torus, using cut-through message flow control. First, we have simulated an ideal case in which there is no limit to the temporary storage capacity of the routing node. Then, a more realistic design, that implies the implementation of a deadlock avoidance technique, is analysed. To assure deadlock-free routing, the network is split into several virtual networks. Results show that adaptive routing is not a good election with this kind of networks. The torus topology shows potentially better results than the mesh. In any case, a different deadlock avoidance technique should be implemented if these potential gains are to be exploited.

The application of electron microscopy to diagnosis in gynecologic neoplasms and tumor-like conditions

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 102-105
Author(s):  
Lawrence M. Roth
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Frozen Section ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Ultrastructural Examination ◽  
Specific Diagnosis ◽  
Potential Value ◽  
Gynecologic Neoplasms

The female reproductive tract may be the site of a wide variety of benign and malignant tumors, as well as non-neoplastic tumor-like conditions, most of which can be diagnosed by light microscopic examination including special stains and more recently immunoperoxidase techniques. Nevertheless there are situations where ultrastructural examination can contribute substantially to an accurate and specific diagnosis. It is my opinion that electron microscopy can be of greatest benefit and is most cost effective when applied in conjunction with other methodologies. Thus, I have developed an approach which has proved useful for me and may have benefit for others. In cases where it is deemed of potential value, glutaraldehyde-fixed material is obtained at the time of frozen section or otherwise at operation. Coordination with the gynecologic oncologist is required in the latter situation. This material is processed and blocked and is available if a future need arises.

The IBM-PC in electron microscopy

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 612-613
Author(s):  
James F. Mancuso
Keyword(s):  
Head Start ◽  
Image Acquisition ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Financial Applications ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Instrument Control ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Training And Support ◽  
Control Image ◽  
Ibm Pc

IBM PC compatible computers are widely used in microscopy for applications ranging from control to image acquisition and analysis. The choice of IBM-PC based systems over competing computer platforms can be based on technical merit alone or on a number of factors relating to economics, availability of peripherals, management dictum, or simple personal preference.IBM-PC got a strong “head start” by first dominating clerical, document processing and financial applications. The use of these computers spilled into the laboratory where the DOS based IBM-PC replaced mini-computers. Compared to minicomputer, the PC provided a more for cost-effective platform for applications in numerical analysis, engineering and design, instrument control, image acquisition and image processing. In addition, the sitewide use of a common PC platform could reduce the cost of training and support services relative to cases where many different computer platforms were used. This could be especially true for the microscopists who must use computers in both the laboratory and the office.

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