Optimizing the cost of design rule modifications for subsequent generations of semiconductor technology

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Balasinski
Keyword(s):  
Design Rule ◽  
Semiconductor Technology ◽  
The Cost

scholarly journals Non-linear Impact of the Short Circuit Impedance Selection on the Cost Optimized Power Transformer Design

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-228
Author(s):  
Tamás Orosz ◽  
Zoltán Ádám Tamus
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Power Transformer ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Design Rule ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Electrical Machine ◽  
Preliminary Design ◽  
Large Power ◽  
Final Design ◽  
The Cost

Since the electrical machine design is a complex task it can be divided into sub-problems, e.g. preliminary and final design processes and checking of the final design. This paper deals with the preliminary design process, which provides the key-design parameters of the electrical machine. Traditionally, these electrical machine models in preliminary design phase neglect or use oversimplified insulation system models and the tap changing selection is not involved during the calculation of key-design parameters. The aim of this study is to assess the effect of the insulation distance minimization and tap-changing on the key design parameters of a cost-optimized large power transformer. For this purpose, the paper shows some examples, where the cost optimal design — in contrast to the classical insulation design rule — contains larger insulation distances than the possible minimum values. The effect of tap-changing methods are also investigated. These cost optimization made by a verified, metaheuristic method-based transformer optimization algorithm. The results show involving the insulation design and tap-changing selection into the preliminary design process can provide more economical designs.

scholarly journals Opportunities and Challenges for Producing Solar Energy in Every Indian Home – A Case Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 114-119
Author(s):  
P. Sridhar Acharya ◽  
P. S. Aithal
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Semiconductor Technology ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Power Requirement ◽  
Cloudy Weather ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Cost

The energy from the sun is abundant for essential requirements of every home. But due to technological reasons, it is not so easy to use the solar energy by converting it into electrical energy efficiently in all places. The important factors which would be affecting the efficiency of the solar panels (which is presently in the range of 20% to 30%,) are the cost involved in implementing the same at each house, lack of knowledge on investment return etc. The semiconductor technology for fabricating solar cells contributes to the performance. The impurities in the semiconductor technology, the heat from the sunlight are the negative factors for the performance. The variation in the angle of sunlight incident from morning to evening is also a negative factor for the performance. The climate condition of the environment like cloudy weather which limits the sunlight falling into the panel is another limiting factor. Considering all these limiting factors this paper proposes the different modes of installation of solar energy. This paper contains the normal power requirement of the house and methods for either partial or complete solar energy installation to the individual house.

Through Wafer Interconnects for 3-D Packaging

2006 ◽  
Vol 970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy J. Moll ◽  
William B. Knowlton ◽  
Rex Oxford
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Wafer ◽  
Solder Bump ◽  
Silicon Wafers ◽  
Mems Devices ◽  
Semiconductor Technology ◽  
Conducting Material ◽  
Active Device ◽  
Key Technologies ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
The Cost

ABSTRACTSemiconductor technology has reached a point in its evolution where the package now plays an important role in the overall performance of the device. In MEMs devices, the package is often more than 75% of the cost and has a significant impact in the overall size. Through wafer interconnects allow for advanced 3-D packaging schemes. Additional miniaturization, increased interconnection density, and higher performance is possible by stacking die with through wafer interconnects. Key technologies for creating TWIs are the ability to create a via through the silicon wafer, dielectric isolation of the via metal from the substrate, and filling or coating the via with a conducting material. Through wafer interconnects have been demonstrated in silicon wafers. The process to create TWIs has been optimized. The TWI has been tested electrically and proven reliable. TWIs were incorporated into an active device wafer and a two die stack connected through solder bump technology. In current work, specific applications which take advantage of the benefits of TWI's are being explored including 3-D inductors, unique sensor packages and MEMs applications.

The IBM-PC in electron microscopy

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 612-613
Author(s):  
James F. Mancuso
Keyword(s):  
Head Start ◽  
Image Acquisition ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Financial Applications ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Instrument Control ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Training And Support ◽  
Control Image ◽  
Ibm Pc

IBM PC compatible computers are widely used in microscopy for applications ranging from control to image acquisition and analysis. The choice of IBM-PC based systems over competing computer platforms can be based on technical merit alone or on a number of factors relating to economics, availability of peripherals, management dictum, or simple personal preference.IBM-PC got a strong “head start” by first dominating clerical, document processing and financial applications. The use of these computers spilled into the laboratory where the DOS based IBM-PC replaced mini-computers. Compared to minicomputer, the PC provided a more for cost-effective platform for applications in numerical analysis, engineering and design, instrument control, image acquisition and image processing. In addition, the sitewide use of a common PC platform could reduce the cost of training and support services relative to cases where many different computer platforms were used. This could be especially true for the microscopists who must use computers in both the laboratory and the office.

New Feasible Concepts of Aberration Correction for Realizing High-Resolution Electron Microscopes

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 202-203
Author(s):  
H. Rose
Keyword(s):  
Spherical Aberration ◽  
Wave Length ◽  
Electron Wave ◽  
Optical Lens ◽  
Resolution Electron ◽  
Rotationally Symmetric ◽  
Electron Microscopes ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Imaging Performance ◽  
Acceleration Voltage

The imaging performance of the light optical lens systems has reached such a degree of perfection that nowadays numerical apertures of about 1 can be utilized. Compared to this state of development the objective lenses of electron microscopes are rather poor allowing at most usable apertures somewhat smaller than 10-2 . This severe shortcoming is due to the unavoidable axial chromatic and spherical aberration of rotationally symmetric electron lenses employed so far in all electron microscopes.The resolution of such electron microscopes can only be improved by increasing the accelerating voltage which shortens the electron wave length. Unfortunately, this procedure is rather ineffective because the achievable gain in resolution is only proportional to λ1/4 for a fixed magnetic field strength determined by the magnetic saturation of the pole pieces. Moreover, increasing the acceleration voltage results in deleterious knock-on processes and in extreme difficulties to stabilize the high voltage. Last not least the cost increase exponentially with voltage.

An application: the cost of clinic care by undergraduate dental students and its relationship to clinic fees

1994 ◽  
Vol 58 (11) ◽  
pp. 832-835 ◽  
Author(s):  
ES Solomon ◽  
TK Hasegawa ◽  
JD Shulman ◽  
PO Walker
Keyword(s):  
Dental Students ◽  
The Cost

The effect of heliotherapy on the cost of psoriasis, p. 288

1998 ◽  
Vol 138 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-205
Author(s):  
Snellman ◽  
Maljanen ◽  
Aromaa ◽  
Reunanen ◽  
Jyrkinen‐Pakkasvirta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Cost

152: Urinary Incontinence: The Cost Burden for Women

2004 ◽  
Vol 171 (4S) ◽  
pp. 40-40
Author(s):  
Leslee L. Subak ◽  
Stephen K. Van Den Eeden ◽  
Jeanette S. Brown ◽  
Arona I. Ragins ◽  
Eric Vittinghoff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Incontinence ◽  
Cost Burden ◽  
The Cost
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