Post-Newtonian behavior of the Bondi mass

1993 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 3292-3302 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Gómez ◽  
P. Reilly ◽  
J. Winicour ◽  
R. A. Isaacson
Keyword(s):  
Bondi Mass ◽  
Newtonian Behavior

The Effect of Nanoparticle Functionalization on Lubrication Performance of Nanofluids Dispersing Silica Nanoparticles in an Ionic Liquid

2017 ◽  
Vol 139 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cengiz Yegin ◽  
Wei Lu ◽  
Bassem Kheireddin ◽  
Ming Zhang ◽  
Peng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silica Nanoparticles ◽  
Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Shear Thinning ◽  
Antiwear Additives ◽  
Functionalized Silica ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Lubrication Performance ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Newtonian Behavior

Recently, ionic liquids (ILs) have received an increasing attention as lubricants owing to their intriguing properties such as tunable viscosity, high thermal stability, low emissions, nonflammability, and corrosion resistance. In this work, we investigate how the incorporation of octadecyltrichlorosilane (OTS) functionalized silica nanoparticles (NPs) in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium (trifluoromethysulfony)imide influences the tribological properties and rheological properties of IL under boundary lubrication and elastohydrodynamic conditions, respectively. It was found that the coefficient of friction was depended on the concentration of NPs in IL with a concave upward functional trend with a minimum at 0.05 wt.% for bare silica NPs and at 0.10 wt.% for OTS-functionalized silica NPs. For steel–steel sliding contact, the presence of functionalized NPs in IL at the optimum concentration decreased the coefficient of friction by 37% compared to IL and 17% compared to IL with bare silica NPs. While IL with bare NPs demonstrated a shear thinning behavior for all concentrations, IL with functionalized NPs showed a Newtonian behavior at low concentrations and shear thinning behavior at high concentrations. Overall, this study provides new insights into the antifriction and antiwear additives for lubrication systems involving ILs.

scholarly journals News from critical collapse: Bondi mass, tails, and quasinormal modes

2005 ◽  
Vol 71 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Pürrer ◽  
Sascha Husa ◽  
Peter C. Aichelburg
Keyword(s):  
Quasinormal Modes ◽  
Bondi Mass

Effect of PAO-Based γ-Fe2O3 and Surfactant Concentration on Viscosity Characteristic

2013 ◽  
Vol 284-287 ◽  
pp. 265-270
Author(s):  
Siti Asma’ Nikmat Leong ◽  
Pakharuddin Mohd Samin ◽  
Ani Idris ◽  
Muhamad Asri Azizul ◽  
Effaliza Misran
Keyword(s):  
Surfactant Concentration ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Obvious Effect ◽  
Coating Agent ◽  
Rheological Measurement ◽  
Casson Model ◽  
Viscosity Characteristic ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Co Precipitation ◽  
Newtonian Behavior

This is a preliminary study on the viscosity characteristics of polyalphaolefin (PAO)-based γ-Fe2O3 under zero magnetic fields. By varying the concentration of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), PAO-based γ-Fe2O3 with different concentrations were synthesized by co-precipitation method. The effect of this factor on the viscosity characteristic of γ-Fe2O3 (< 30 nm) was investigated on the basic of a series of rheological measurement. The use of oleic acid (OA) as a coating agent and surfactant was also investigated by varying its concentration. The results show the concentration of MNPs and the amount of OA has obvious effect on viscosity characteristics of PAO-based γ-Fe2O3. In the case of comparison between the concentrations of MNPs, higher concentration of MNPs increased the viscosity of the PAO-based γ-Fe2O3 and exhibit nearly Newtonian behavior. The large amount of OA also exhibits the increment on viscosity characteristic of MNPs. The experimental data were compared with the Bingham and Casson model and the results revealed that the rheology of the polyalphaolefin (PAO)-based γ-Fe2O3 fitted the Casson model better.

Rheological Properties of Concentrated 1-Allyl-3-Methylimidazolium Chloride Cellulose Solutions

2011 ◽  
Vol 199-200 ◽  
pp. 3-6
Author(s):  
Fei Lu ◽  
Jun Song ◽  
Bo Wen Cheng ◽  
Hong Jun Zang ◽  
Yi Liang
Keyword(s):  
Power Law ◽  
Loss Modulus ◽  
Polymer Concentration ◽  
Normal Stress Difference ◽  
Stress Difference ◽  
Rheological Measurement ◽  
First Normal Stress Difference ◽  
Power Law Index ◽  
Cellulose Concentration ◽  
Newtonian Behavior

The viscosity behaviors and elastic properties of concentrated cellulose 1-allyl-3-methy -limidazolium Chloride solutions were investigated in the concentration from 10 wt% to 25 wt%. Rheological measurement showed that the solution was pesudoplastic fluid. The non-Newtonian behavior was improved and shear-thinning tendency became more pronounced with increasing polymer concentration. The power law index ranged from 0.19 to 0.30. The effects of cellulose concentration to the storage modulus G′ and the loss modulus G″ were analyzed. First normal stress difference (N1) increased with increasing concentration.

scholarly journals Structural Characterization andIn VitroAntioxidant Activity of Kojic Dipalmitate Loaded W/O/W Multiple Emulsions Intended for Skin Disorders

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maíra Lima Gonçalez ◽  
Diana Gleide Marcussi ◽  
Giovana Maria Fioramonti Calixto ◽  
Marcos Antonio Corrêa ◽  
Marlus Chorilli
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Safety Profile ◽  
Flow Behavior ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Skin Disorders ◽  
Activity Assay ◽  
Multiple Emulsions ◽  
Lipophilic Antioxidant ◽  
Newtonian Behavior

Multiple emulsions (MEs) are intensively being studied for drug delivery due to their ability to load and increase the bioavailability of active lipophilic antioxidant, such as kojic dipalmitate (KDP). The aim of this study was to structurally characterize developed MEs by determining the average droplet size (Dnm) and zeta potential (ZP), performing macroscopic and microscopic analysis and analyzing their rheological behavior andin vitrobioadhesion. Furthermore, thein vitrosafety profile and antioxidant activity of KDP-loaded MEs were evaluated. The developed MEs showed a Dnm of approximately 1 micrometer and a ZP of −13 mV, and no change was observed in Dnm or ZP of the system with the addition of KDP. KDP-unloaded MEs exhibited ‘‘shear thinning’’ flow behavior whereas KDP-loaded MEs exhibited Newtonian behavior, which are both characteristic of antithixotropic materials. MEs have bioadhesion properties that were not influenced by the incorporation of KDP. The results showed that the incorporation of KDP into MEs improved the safety profile of the drug. Thein vitroantioxidant activity assay suggested that MEs presented a higher capacity for maintaining the antioxidant activity of KDP. ME-based systems may be a promising platform for the topical application of KDP in the treatment of skin disorders.

scholarly journals Non-Newtonian Behavior of ZnO-Water Suspensions

1974 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaoru UMEYA ◽  
Takashi KANNO ◽  
Kazuo KATO
Keyword(s):  
Water Suspensions ◽  
Newtonian Behavior
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