scholarly journals Multivariate AND-gate substrate probes as enhanced contrast agents for fluorescence-guided surgery

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
John C. Widen ◽  
Martina Tholen ◽  
Joshua J. Yim ◽  
Alexander Antaris ◽  
Kerriann M. Casey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contrast Agents ◽  
Therapy Response ◽  
Response Monitoring ◽  
Multiple Tumor ◽  
Normal Tissues ◽  
Sequential Processing ◽  
Guided Surgery ◽  
Enhanced Sensitivity ◽  
Optical Contrast Agents ◽  
Imaging Probes

AbstractThe greatest challenges for surgical management of cancer are precisely locating lesions and clearly defining the margins between tumors and normal tissues. This is confounded by the characteristics of the tissue where the tumor is located as well as its propensity to form irregular boundaries with healthy tissues. To address these issues, molecularly targeted optical contrast agents have been developed to define margins in real-time during surgery1,2. However, selectivity of a contrast agent is often limited by expression of a target enzyme or receptor in both tumor and healthy tissues. Here we introduce a concept of multivariate ‘AND-gate’ optical imaging probes that require sequential processing by multiple tumor-specific enzymes to produce a fluorescent signal. This results in dramatically improved specificity as well as overall enhanced sensitivity. This general approach has the potential to be broadly applied to selectively target complex patterns of enzyme activities in diverse disease tissues for detection, treatment and therapy response monitoring.

scholarly journals Design of Protease Activated Optical Contrast Agents That Exploit a Latent Lysosomotropic Effect for Use in Fluorescence-Guided Surgery

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1977-1988 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie O. Ofori ◽  
Nimali P. Withana ◽  
Tyler R. Prestwood ◽  
Martijn Verdoes ◽  
Jennifer J. Brady ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contrast Agents ◽  
Optical Contrast ◽  
Guided Surgery ◽  
Optical Contrast Agents ◽  
Fluorescence Guided Surgery

Optical imaging probes and their potential contribution to radiotracer development

2016 ◽  
Vol 55 (02) ◽  
pp. 51-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Hermann ◽  
M. Schäfers ◽  
C. Höltke ◽  
A. Faust
Keyword(s):  
Optical Imaging ◽  
Fluorescent Dyes ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
Preclinical Evaluation ◽  
Guided Surgery ◽  
Fluorescence Guided Surgery ◽  
Imaging Probes ◽  
Unspecific Binding

SummaryOptical imaging has long been considered a method for histological or microscopic investigations. Over the last 15 years, however, this method was applied for preclinical molecular imaging and, just recently, was also able to show its principal potential for clinical applications (e.g. fluorescence-guided surgery). Reviewing the development and preclinical evaluation of new fluorescent dyes and target-specific dye conjugates, these often show characteristic patterns of their routes of excretion and biodistribution, which could also be interesting for the development and optimization of radiopharmaceuticals. Especially ionic charges show a great influence on biodistribution and netcharge and charge-distribution on a conjugate often determines unspecific binding or background signals in liver, kidney or intestine, and other organs.Learning from fluorescent probe behaviour in vivo and translating this knowledge to radio-pharmaceuticals might be useful to further optimize emerging and existing radiopharmaceuticals with respect to their biodistribution and thereby availability for binding to their targets.

Cyanine Dyes as Optical Contrast Agents for Ophthalmological Surgery

2011 ◽  
Vol 54 (11) ◽  
pp. 3903-3925 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heinz Langhals ◽  
Ana Varja ◽  
Peter Laubichler ◽  
Marcus Kernt ◽  
Kirsten Eibl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contrast Agents ◽  
Cyanine Dyes ◽  
Optical Contrast ◽  
Optical Contrast Agents

scholarly journals Enolase 1 Correlated With Cancer Progression and Immune-Infiltrating in Multiple Cancer Types: A Pan-Cancer Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenhua Xu ◽  
Wenna Yang ◽  
Chunfeng Wu ◽  
Xiaocong Ma ◽  
Haoyu Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Stress Protein ◽  
Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Tumor Stage ◽  
Gene Set Enrichment Analysis ◽  
The Cancer Genome Atlas ◽  
Multiple Cancer ◽  
Clinical Prognosis ◽  
Multiple Tumor ◽  
Normal Tissues

Enolase 1 (ENO1) is an oxidative stress protein expressed in endothelial cells. This study aimed to investigate the correlation of ENO1 with prognosis, tumor stage, and levels of tumor-infiltrating immune cells in multiple cancers. ENO1 expression and its influence on tumor stage and clinical prognosis were analyzed by UCSC Xena browser, Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA), The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and GTEx Portal. The ENO1 mutation analysis was performed by cBio Portal, and demonstrated ENO1 mutation (1.8%) did not impact on tumor prognosis. The relationship between ENO1 expression and tumor immunity was analyzed by Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) and GEPIA. The potential functions of ENO1 in pathways were investigated by Gene Set Enrichment Analysis. ENO1 expression was significantly different in tumor and corresponding normal tissues. ENO1 expression in multiple tumor tissues correlated with prognosis and stage. ENO1 showed correlation with immune infiltrates including B cells, CD8+ and CD4+ T cells, macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells, and tumor purity. ENO1 was proved to be involved in DNA replication, cell cycle, apoptosis, glycolysis process, and other processes. These findings indicate that ENO1 is a potential prognostic biomarker that correlates with cancer progression immune infiltration.

scholarly journals The Renal Clearable Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast Agents: State of the Art and Recent Advances

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (21) ◽  
pp. 5072
Author(s):  
Xiaodong Li ◽  
Yanhong Sun ◽  
Lina Ma ◽  
Guifeng Liu ◽  
Zhenxin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Contrast Agents ◽  
Blood Circulation ◽  
Time Window ◽  
Circulation Time ◽  
Great Success ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Enhanced Sensitivity ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast

The advancements of magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents (MRCAs) are continuously driven by the critical needs for early detection and diagnosis of diseases, especially for cancer, because MRCAs improve diagnostic accuracy significantly. Although hydrophilic gadolinium (III) (Gd3+) complex-based MRCAs have achieved great success in clinical practice, the Gd3+-complexes have several inherent drawbacks including Gd3+ leakage and short blood circulation time, resulting in the potential long-term toxicity and narrow imaging time window, respectively. Nanotechnology offers the possibility for the development of nontoxic MRCAs with an enhanced sensitivity and advanced functionalities, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided synergistic therapy. Herein, we provide an overview of recent successes in the development of renal clearable MRCAs, especially nanodots (NDs, also known as ultrasmall nanoparticles (NPs)) by unique advantages such as high relaxivity, long blood circulation time, good biosafety, and multiple functionalities. It is hoped that this review can provide relatively comprehensive information on the construction of novel MRCAs with promising clinical translation.

scholarly journals Targeted Contrast Agents for Molecular MRI

Inorganics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
Sara Lacerda
Keyword(s):  
Contrast Agents ◽  
Rational Design ◽  
Molecular Mri ◽  
New Class ◽  
Imaging Probes ◽  
Targeted Contrast Agents ◽  
Active Research ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Research Domain

Molecular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides information non-invasively at cellular and molecular levels, for both early diagnosis and monitoring therapeutic follow-up. This imaging technique requires the development of a new class of contrast agents, which signal changes (typically becomes enhanced) when in presence of the cellular or molecular process to be evaluated. Even if molecular MRI has had a prominent role in the advances in medicine over the past two decades, the large majority of the developed probes to date are still in preclinical level, or eventually in phase I or II clinical trials. The development of novel imaging probes is an emergent active research domain. This review focuses on gadolinium-based specific-targeted contrast agents, providing rational design considerations and examples of the strategies recently reported in the literature.

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