scholarly journals Uniquely excitable neurons enable precise and persistent information transmission through the retrosplenial cortex

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen K.W. Brennan ◽  
Shyam Kumar Sudhakar ◽  
Izabela Jedrasiak-Cape ◽  
Omar J. Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Input Resistance ◽  
Retrosplenial Cortex ◽  
Inhibitory Neurons ◽  
Head Direction ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Intrinsic Properties ◽  
High Input ◽  
Biophysical Models ◽  
High Input Resistance ◽  
Fast Spiking

ABSTRACTThe retrosplenial cortex (RSC) is essential for both memory and navigation, but the neural codes underlying these functions remain largely unknown. Here, we show that the most prominent cell type in layers 2/3 (L2/3) of the granular RSC is a uniquely excitable, small pyramidal cell. These cells have a low rheobase (LR), high input resistance, lack of spike-frequency adaptation, and spike widths intermediate to those of neighboring fast-spiking (FS) inhibitory neurons and regular-spiking (RS) excitatory neurons. LR cells are excitatory but rarely synapse onto neighboring neurons. Instead, L2/3 of RSC is an inhibition-dominated network with dense connectivity between FS cells and from FS to LR neurons. Biophysical models of LR but not RS cells precisely and continuously encode sustained input from afferent postsubicular head-direction cells. Thus, the unique intrinsic properties of LR neurons can support both the precision and persistence necessary to encode information over multiple timescales in the RSC.

Ih channels prevent overexcitability of early developmental CA1 neurons showing high input resistance in rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 91 ◽  
pp. 14-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoon-Sil Yang ◽  
Moon-Seok Kang ◽  
Seon-Hee Kim ◽  
Se-Jae Kim ◽  
Su-Yong Eun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Input Resistance ◽  
High Input ◽  
Ca1 Neurons ◽  
High Input Resistance ◽  
Early Developmental

scholarly journals Sharp tuning of head direction by somatosensory fast-spiking interneurons

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyang Long ◽  
Calvin K. Young ◽  
Sheng-Jia Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Cell Types ◽  
Inhibitory Neurons ◽  
Local Network ◽  
Head Direction ◽  
Layer 4 ◽  
Fast Spiking ◽  
External Stimuli ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Spatial Cell

AbstractHead direction (HD) information is intricately linked to spatial navigation and cognition. We recently reported the co-existence of all currently recognized spatial cell types can be found in the hindlimb primary somatosensory cortex (S1HL). In this study, we carried out an in-depth characterization of HD cells in S1HL. We show fast-spiking (FS), putative inhibitory neurons are over-represented in and sharply tuned to HD compared to regular-spiking (RS), putative excitatory neurons. These FS HD cells are non-conjunctive, rarely theta modulated, not locally connected and are enriched in layer 4/5a. Their co-existence with RS HD cells and angular head velocity (AHV) cells in a layer-specific fashion through the S1HL presents a previously unreported organization of spatial circuits. These findings challenge the notion that FS, putative inhibitory interneurons are weakly tuned to external stimuli in general and present a novel local network configuration not reported in other parts of the brain.

Direct reading dc electro‐optic voltmeter with high input resistance

1977 ◽  
Vol 48 (7) ◽  
pp. 790-792 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Geisen ◽  
W. Käppler ◽  
H. Kühn
Keyword(s):  
Input Resistance ◽  
High Input ◽  
Direct Reading ◽  
Electro Optic ◽  
High Input Resistance

scholarly journals Anatomical organization of presubicular head-direction circuits

eLife ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Preston-Ferrer ◽  
Stefano Coletta ◽  
Markus Frey ◽  
Andrea Burgalossi
Keyword(s):  
Pyramidal Neurons ◽  
Pyramidal Cells ◽  
Retrosplenial Cortex ◽  
Theta Oscillations ◽  
Head Direction ◽  
Medial Entorhinal Cortex ◽  
Directional Information ◽  
Passive Rotation ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Fast Spiking

Neurons coding for head-direction are crucial for spatial navigation. Here we explored the cellular basis of head-direction coding in the rat dorsal presubiculum (PreS). We found that layer2 is composed of two principal cell populations (calbindin-positive and calbindin-negative neurons) which targeted the contralateral PreS and retrosplenial cortex, respectively. Layer3 pyramidal neurons projected to the medial entorhinal cortex (MEC). By juxtacellularly recording PreS neurons in awake rats during passive-rotation, we found that head-direction responses were preferentially contributed by layer3 pyramidal cells, whose long-range axons branched within layer3 of the MEC. In contrast, layer2 neurons displayed distinct spike-shapes, were not modulated by head-direction but rhythmically-entrained by theta-oscillations. Fast-spiking interneurons showed only weak directionality and theta-rhythmicity, but were significantly modulated by angular velocity. Our data thus indicate that PreS neurons differentially contribute to head-direction coding, and point to a cell-type- and layer-specific routing of directional and non-directional information to downstream cortical targets.

Heterogeneity of neuronal firing type and morphology in retrosplenial cortex of male F344 rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 123 (5) ◽  
pp. 1849-1863 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna Yousuf ◽  
Andrew N. Nye ◽  
James R. Moyer
Keyword(s):  
Neuronal Excitability ◽  
Retrosplenial Cortex ◽  
Neuronal Firing ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Juvenile Rats ◽  
Fast Spiking ◽  
F344 Rats ◽  
Male F344 Rats

This is the first study to demonstrate that granular retrosplenial cortical (gRSC) neurons exhibit five distinctive firing types: regular spiking (RS), regular spiking with an afterdepolarization (RSADP), late spiking (LS), burst spiking (BS), and fast spiking (FS). RSADP neurons were the most frequently observed cell type in adult gRSC neurons. Interestingly, RS neurons without an ADP were most common in gRSC neurons of juvenile rats (PND 14–30). Thus, the ADP property, which was previously shown to enhance neuronal excitability, emerges during development.

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