scholarly journals First detection of a highly invasive freshwater amphipod (Crangonyx floridanus) in the United Kingdom

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quentin Mauvisseau ◽  
John Davy-Bowker ◽  
David Bryson ◽  
Graham R. Souch ◽  
Alfred Burian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
North America ◽  
Current Distribution ◽  
Inland Waters ◽  
Local Fauna ◽  
The North ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
West Midlands ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Channel Systems

AbstractThe freshwater gammarid, Crangonyx floridanus, originates from North America but has invaded and subsequently spread rapidly throughout Japan. We provide here the first genetic and microscopic evidence that C. floridanus has now also reached the United Kingdom. We found this species in two locations separated by more than 200 km (Lake Windermere in the North of the UK and Smestow Brook, West Midlands). The current distribution of C. floridanus is currently unknown, however both sites are well connected to other river and channel systems therefore the chance of further spread is high. Genetic analyses of C. floridanus indicate that British inland waters are colonised by the same linage, which also has invaded Japan. We recommend further work to assess the distribution of this species and its impact on the local fauna and flora.

United Kingdom/Norway

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-164
Author(s):  
Richard Barnes
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Framework Agreement ◽  
The North ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract On 30 September 2020, the United Kingdom and Norway signed the Framework Agreement on Fisheries that will provide the basis for future cooperation in the sustainable management of their fisheries. The Agreement is the first such agreement adopted by the UK following its decision to the leave the European Union. This note provides some background to the Agreement and examines its key features. Whilst the content of the Agreement appears to be rather basic, this is broadly consistent with other framework agreements, and it does provide some insight into the direction and focus of fisheries management in the North Sea, and how cooperation may develop between coastal States and the European Union.

Accelerated erosion of arable soils in the United Kingdom by rainfall and run-off

1979 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Harrison Reed
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Soil Compaction ◽  
Water Erosion ◽  
Arable Soils ◽  
Contributory Factors ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Run Off ◽  
West Midlands ◽  
The Uk

On more than six hundred sites in the UK West Midlands, where water erosion was recorded by the writer during the years 1967–76, soil compaction and down-slope cultivation lines were identified as major contributory factors in over 95% of cases. Such cultivations should be avoided where possible, susceptible soils should not be left fallow longer than necessary, and field operations should be kept to the minimum when the upper layers of the soil are too moist.

25 years of UK North Sea exploration

1991 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Bowen
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
The North ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
East Midlands ◽  
Daunting Task ◽  
Shallow Wells ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Gas Fields

Any attempt to summarize 25 years of exploration for petroleum in the UK sector of the North Sea must be a daunting task. The outcome, in terms of the oil and gas fields discovered, is the subject of this volume. This introduction will attempt to outline, very briefly, some of the ups and downs of the exploration history which has led the industry to where it stands today, 25 years on (Fig. 1).When the author was at university in the early 1950s the very idea the the United Kingdom would be likely to become a significant, let alone major world producer of petroleum would have been viewed as utterly ridiculousIt is true that oil and gas indications had been encountered in wells and mines in such disparate areas as sussex, the west Midlands and the Midland Valley of Scotland and as seepages in Dorset, Lancashire and West Lothian, but these had been thoroughly investigated without the discovery of any economically significant oil or gas fields. Indeed, the only economic production at that time came from BP's small east Midlands fields based on Eakring where the first discovery had been made in 1939The first Serious attempt to explore for oil in the United Kingdom was initiated in 1918 for strategic reasons, when 11 relatively shallow wells were drilled on anticlinal features in various parts of the country. of these only one, Hardstoft-1 in Derbyshire, discovered producible oil, but attempts to follow up the discovery were unsuccessful.Exploration then

scholarly journals International Comparison in Opiate Prescribing for New Users in Primary Care using Electronic Medical Record Data

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robyn Tamblyn ◽  
Nadyne Girard ◽  
Bettina Habib ◽  
William Dixon ◽  
Meghna Jani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
North America ◽  
Cancer Pain ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Record Data ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The U.S

IntroductionThe opioid epidemic in North America has, in part, been attributed to an increase in opiate use for non-cancer pain and the prescription of more potent molecules. In contrast, the United Kingdom appears unaffected by this crisis, possibly because of differences in primary care prescribing, or health system policies. ObjectiveTo determine if there are differences in opiate prescribing for new users in primary care in the United Kingdom, United States, and Canada. ApproachElectronic health record data from Quebec, Canada (MOXXI), the United States (Partners Health Care, Boston MA), and the United Kingdom (CPRD random sample of 600,000) were used to identify new users of opiates (no prior prescription in 2 years), at least 18 years old between 2006-2016. Cancer patients were excluded after harmonizing equivalent READ and ICD9/10 codes. Generic drug names in each jurisdiction were mapped to the WHO ATC classification, and characterized using morphine milligram equivalents (MME). ResultsOverall 655,877 new users were identified, of whom 78% of 58,286 (U.S.), 88% of 6,251 (Canada), and 96% of 600,000 (UK) were non-cancer patients. Mean age of new users was 49 (SD 16) in the US, 57 (SD 16) in Canada, and 52 (SD 19) in the UK. 57.6% (UK) to 67.3% (US) of new users were women. In the UK, 86.5% of patients were started on codeine (MME:0.15), compared to 43.9% in Canada and 8.5% in the U.S. In the U.S 65.0\% were started on oxycodone (MME:1.5), and 10.9% on hydrocodone (MME:1). In Canada, tramadol (18.2%; MME: 0.1) followed by oxycodone (13.2%) were the next most commonly prescribed drugs. Conclusion/ImplicationsSubstantial differences in opioid prescribing practices for non-cancer pain were observed between the UK and Canadian and United States sites. The predilection to start patients on more potent opiates in North America may be a contributing cause to the opiate epidemic.

scholarly journals The challenges and contradictions of state-funded community organizing

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucy Grimshaw ◽  
Lewis Mates ◽  
Andie Reynolds
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Community Organizing ◽  
State Funding ◽  
Coalition Government ◽  
The North ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Community Organizers ◽  
The Uk ◽  
First Time

AbstractThe UK coalition government introduced the Community Organisers Programme in 2010, providing state funding to train community organizers in England for the first time. This article presents a case study in the north of England, exploring the implementation of the programme. It illustrates the challenges and contradictions faced by trainee community organizers and suggests lessons for community practitioners and policymakers of all political complexions in the United Kingdom and other countries.

Influence of heavy slaughter weights on growth and carcass characteristics of pigs

1990 ◽  
Vol 1990 ◽  
pp. 83-83
Author(s):  
M. Ellis ◽  
P.J. Avery
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
North America ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Research Programme ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Fixed Costs ◽  
Slaughter Weight ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Costs Of Production ◽  
The Uk

Slaughter weights for pigs in the United Kingdom have traditionally been much lower than those in most other European countries and in North America. For example, in 1988 average carcass weights in the UK were around 64 kg compared to 72 kg in Denmark, 80 kg in Holland and over 105 kg in Italy. Currently, there is considerable interest within the BritisTi pig industry in heavier slaughter weights for pigs to exploit potential advantages in reducing fixed costs of production per unit of output. A research programme is currently being undertaken at this centre to investigate the potential for increasing slaughter weight and results from the first two studies undertaken are reported here.

Betula nana L., a note on its status in the United Kingdom

1984 ◽  
Vol 85 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 43-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Aston
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Current Distribution ◽  
Glacial Period ◽  
Betula Nana ◽  
The North ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Dwarf Birch ◽  
Present Understanding

SynopsisBetula nana L., the dwarf birch, is shrub-like in habit. Today it has a relict distribution in the north of Britain. In the Early Post Glacial period, it was widespread throughout Britain. This paper reviews the present understanding of the species in our flora and describes aspects of its morphology, palaeoecology, current distribution, habitat and hybridizaton with the arborescent birches.

scholarly journals First Indications for Long-Term Benzodiazepine and Z-drugs use in the United Kingdom

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Davies ◽  
Todd Rae ◽  
Luke Montagu
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
National Level ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Strong Case ◽  
The North ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Hypnotic Drugs ◽  
The Uk

Benzodiazepines and Z-drugs (BZDs), hypnotic drugs used for insomnia and anxiety, are prescribed millions of times a year in the UK. Although guidance from the relevant regulatory authorities (NICE and BNF) indicates them only for short-term use, the evidence suggests that many patients have been taking these drugs for much longer, often for decades. At present, there are no up-to-date, evidence-based estimates of the scale of long-term BZD use in the UK, which has prevented making a strong case for the need for withdrawal services. However, data obtained recently on BZD use from a number of GP surgeries (covering nearly 100,000 registered patients) in the North of England, allow such projections to be calculated. Scaling the results to a national level suggests that there are over a quarter of a million patients in the UK using BZDs for periods far longer than recommended. The projections also suggest that nearly half this number may be willing to accept help to stop their dependency on BZDs. These results indicate a serious problem, which should be addressed by more research into the harms associated with long-term BZD use, the provision of withdrawal services, and a national helpline to support patients with BZD dependency.

TBE in United Kingdom

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Clinical Disease ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Probable Case ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
South West ◽  
Louping Ill ◽  
The Uk ◽  
North And South ◽  
South West England

Until 2019, TBE was considered only to be an imported disease to the United Kingdom. In that year, evidence became available that the TBEV is likely circulating in the country1,2 and a first “probable case” of TBE originating in the UK was reported.3 In addition to TBEV, louping ill virus (LIV), a member of the TBEV-serocomplex, is also endemic in parts of the UK. Reports of clinical disease caused by LIV in livestock are mainly from Scotland, parts of North and South West England and Wales.4

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