scholarly journals Functional Parcellation of the Default Mode Network: A Large-Scale Meta-Analysis

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaoming Wang ◽  
Lindsey J. Tepfer ◽  
Adrienne A. Taren ◽  
David V. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Functional Organization ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Posterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Treatment Protocols ◽  
Default Mode

AbstractThe default mode network (DMN) consists of several regions that selectively interact to support distinct domains of cognition. Of the various sites that partake in DMN function, the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), temporal parietal junction (TPJ), and medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) are frequently identified as key contributors. Yet, it remains unclear whether these subcomponents of the DMN make unique contributions to specific cognitive processes and health conditions. To address this issue, we applied a meta-analytic parcellation approach used in prior work. This approach used the Neurosynth database and classification methods to quantify the association between PCC, TPJ, and MPFC activation and specific topics related to cognition and health (e.g., decision making and smoking). Our analyses replicated prior observations that the PCC, TPJ, and MPFC collectively support multiple cognitive functions such as decision making, memory, and awareness. To gain insight into the functional organization of each region, we parceled each region based on its coactivation pattern with the rest of the brain. This analysis indicated that each region could be further subdivided into functionally distinct subcomponents. Taken together, we further delineate DMN function by demonstrating the relative strengths of association among subcomponents across a range of cognitive processes and health conditions. A continued attentiveness to the specialization within the DMN allows future work to consider the nuances in sub-regional contributions necessary for healthy cognition, as well as create the potential for more targeted treatment protocols in various health conditions.

scholarly journals Functional parcellation of the default mode network: a large-scale meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaoming Wang ◽  
Lindsey J. Tepfer ◽  
Adrienne A. Taren ◽  
David V. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Functional Organization ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Posterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Treatment Protocols ◽  
Default Mode

Abstract The default mode network (DMN) consists of several regions that selectively interact to support distinct domains of cognition. Of the various sites that partake in DMN function, the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), temporal parietal junction (TPJ), and medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) are frequently identified as key contributors. Yet, it remains unclear whether these subcomponents of the DMN make unique contributions to specific cognitive processes and health conditions. To address this issue, we applied a meta-analytic parcellation approach used in prior work. This approach used the Neurosynth database and classification methods to quantify the association between PCC, TPJ, and MPFC activation and specific topics related to cognition and health (e.g., decision making and smoking). Our analyses replicated prior observations that the PCC, TPJ, and MPFC collectively support multiple cognitive functions such as decision making, memory, and awareness. To gain insight into the functional organization of each region, we parceled each region based on its coactivation pattern with the rest of the brain. This analysis indicated that each region could be further subdivided into functionally distinct subcomponents. Taken together, we further delineate DMN function by demonstrating the relative strengths of association among subcomponents across a range of cognitive processes and health conditions. A continued attentiveness to the specialization within the DMN allows future work to consider the nuances in sub-regional contributions necessary for healthy cognition, as well as create the potential for more targeted treatment protocols in various health conditions.

scholarly journals Dynamic connectivity modulates local activity in the core regions of the default-mode network

2017 ◽  
Vol 114 (36) ◽  
pp. 9713-9718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Tang ◽  
Hesheng Liu ◽  
Linda Douw ◽  
Mark A. Kramer ◽  
Uri T. Eden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Posterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
Local Activity ◽  
The Core ◽  
Dynamic Connectivity

Segregation and integration are distinctive features of large-scale brain activity. Although neuroimaging studies have been unraveling their neural correlates, how integration takes place over segregated modules remains elusive. Central to this problem is the mechanism by which a brain region adjusts its activity according to the influence it receives from other regions. In this study, we explore how dynamic connectivity between two regions affects the neural activity within a participating region. Combining functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and magnetoencephalography (MEG) in the same group of subjects, we analyzed resting-state data from the core of the default-mode network. We observed directed influence from the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) to the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) in the 10-Hz range. This time-varying influence was associated with the power alteration in the ACC: strong influence corresponded with a decrease of power around 13–16 Hz and an increase of power in the lower (1–7 Hz) and higher (30–55 Hz) ends of the spectrum. We also found that the amplitude of the 30- to 55-Hz activity was coupled to the phase of the 3- to 4-Hz activity in the ACC. These results characterized the local spectral changes associated with network interactions. The specific spectral information both highlights the functional roles of PCC–ACC connectivity in the resting state and provides insights into the dynamic relationship between local activity and coupling dynamics of a network.

scholarly journals Gray Matter Atrophy within the Default Mode Network of Fibromyalgia: A Meta-Analysis of Voxel-Based Morphometry Studies

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chemin Lin ◽  
Shwu-Hua Lee ◽  
Hsu-Huei Weng
Keyword(s):  
Gray Matter ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Likelihood Estimation ◽  
Posterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Systemic Review ◽  
Voxel Based Morphometry ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
Imaging Results

Over the years, studies have demonstrated morphological changes in the brain of fibromyalgia (FMS). We aimed to conduct a coordinate-based meta-analytic research through systemic review on voxel-based morphometry (VBM) imaging results to identify consistent gray matter (GM) difference between FMS patients and healthy subjects. We performed a comprehensive literature search in PubMed (January 2000–December 2015) and included six VBM publication on FMS. Stereotactic data were extracted from 180 patients of FMS and 123 healthy controls. By means of activation likelihood estimation (ALE) technique, regional GM reduction in left medial prefrontal cortex and right dorsal posterior cingulate cortex was identified. Both regions are within the default mode network. In conclusion, the gray matter deficit is related to the both affective and nonaffective components of pain processing. This result also provided the neuroanatomical correlates for emotional and cognitive symptoms in FMS.

scholarly journals Disrupting The Resting State: Meta-Analytic Evidence That Mindfulness Training Alters Default Mode Network Connectivity

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadley Rahrig ◽  
David R. Vago ◽  
Matthew Passarelli ◽  
Allison Auten ◽  
Nicholas A. Lynn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Network Connectivity ◽  
Posterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Brain Network ◽  
Mindfulness Training ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
Brain Network Connectivity

Abstract This meta-analysis sought to expand upon neurobiological models of mindfulness through investigation of inherent brain network connectivity outcomes, indexed via resting state functional connectivity (rsFC). We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of rsFC as an outcome of mindfulness training (MT) relative to structurally-equivalent programs, with the hypothesis that that MT would increase cross-network connectivity between nodes of the Default Mode Network (DMN), Salience Network (SN), and Frontoparietal Control Network (FPCN) as a mechanism of internally-oriented attentional control. Texts were identified from the databases: MEDLINE/PubMed, ERIC, PSYCINFO, ProQuest, Scopus, and Web of Sciences; and were screened for inclusion based on experimental/quasi-experimental trial design and use of standardized mindfulness-based interventions. RsFC effects were extracted from twelve studies (mindfulness n = 226; control n = 204). Voxel-based meta-analysis revealed significantly greater rsFC (MT > control) between the left middle cingulate (Hedge’s g = .234, p = 0288, I2 = 15.87), located within the SN, and the posterior cingulate cortex, a focal hub of the DMN. Egger’s test for publication bias was nonsignificant, bias = 2.17, p = .162. In support of our hypothesis, results suggest that MT targets internetwork (SN-DMN) connectivity implicated in the flexible control of internally-oriented attention.

scholarly journals The human ventromedial prefrontal cortex: sulcal morphology and its influence on functional organization

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alizée LOPEZ-PERSEM ◽  
Lennart Verhagen ◽  
Céline Amiez ◽  
Michael Petrides ◽  
Jérome Sallet
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Functional Organization ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Sulcal Morphology ◽  
Value Coding

ABSTRACTThe ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), which comprises several distinct cytoarchitectonic areas, is a key brain region supporting decision-making processes and it has been shown to be one of the main hubs of the Default Mode Network, a network classically activated during resting state. We here examined the inter-individual variability in the vmPFC sulcal morphology in 57 humans (37 females) and demonstrated that the presence/absence of the inferior rostral sulcus and the subgenual intralimbic sulcus influences significantly the sulcal organization of this region. Furthermore, the sulcal organization influences the location of the vmPFC peak of the Default Mode Network, demonstrating that the location of functional activity can be affected by local sulcal patterns. These results are critical for the investigation of the function of the vmPFC and show that taking into account the sulcal variability might be essential to guide the interpretation of neuroimaging studies.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) is one of the main hubs of the Default Mode Network and plays a central role in value coding and decision-making. The present study provides a complete description of the inter-individual variability of anatomical morphology of this large portion of prefrontal cortex and its relation to functional organization. We have shown that two supplementary medial sulci predominantly determine the organization of the vmPFC, which in turn affect the location of the functional peak of activity in this region. Those results show that taking into account the variability in sulcal patterns might be essential to guide the interpretation of neuroimaging studies of the human brain and of the vmPFC in particular.

scholarly journals Electrophysiological foundations of the human default-mode network revealed by brain-wide intracranial-EEG recordings during resting-state and cognition

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anup Das ◽  
Carlo de los Angeles ◽  
Vinod Menon
Keyword(s):  
Slow Wave ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Phase Synchronization ◽  
Functional Organization ◽  
Memory Encoding ◽  
Intracranial Eeg ◽  
Default Mode

AbstractInvestigations using noninvasive functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) have provided significant insights into the unique functional organization and profound importance of the human default mode network (DMN), yet these methods are limited in their ability to resolve network dynamics across multiple timescales. Electrophysiological techniques are critical to address these challenges, yet few studies have explored the neurophysiological underpinnings of the DMN. Here we investigate the brain-wide electrophysiological organization of the DMN in a common large-scale network framework consistent with prior fMRI studies. We used brain-wide intracranial EEG (iEEG) recordings, and evaluated intra- and cross-network interactions during the resting-state and cognition. Our analysis revealed significantly greater intra-DMN phase iEEG synchronization in the slow-wave (< 4 Hz) while DMN interactions with other brain networks was higher in all higher frequencies. Crucially, slow-wave intra-DMN synchronization was observed in the task-free resting-state and during verbal memory encoding and recall. Compared to resting-state, intra-DMN phase synchronization was significantly higher during both memory encoding and recall. Slow-wave intra-DMN phase synchronization increased during successful memory retrieval, highlighting its behavioral relevance. Finally, analysis of nonlinear dynamic causal interactions revealed that the DMN is a causal outflow network during both memory encoding and recall. Our findings identify dynamic spectro-temporal network features that allow the DMN to maintain a balance between stability and flexibility, intrinsically and during task-based cognition, provide novel insights into the neurophysiological foundations of the human DMN, and elucidate network mechanisms by which it supports cognition.

scholarly journals Rumination and the default mode network: Meta-analysis of brain imaging studies and implications for depression

NeuroImage ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 206 ◽  
pp. 116287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui-Xia Zhou ◽  
Xiao Chen ◽  
Yang-Qian Shen ◽  
Le Li ◽  
Ning-Xuan Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Imaging ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Imaging Studies ◽  
Default Mode

scholarly journals Transdiagnostic and disease-specific abnormalities in the default-mode network hubs in psychiatric disorders: A meta-analysis of resting-state functional imaging studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaelle E. Doucet ◽  
Delfina Janiri ◽  
Rebecca Howard ◽  
Madeline O’Brien ◽  
Jessica R. Andrews-Hanna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Functional Integration ◽  
Likelihood Estimation ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
Mood And Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Disease Specific

Abstract Background. The default mode network (DMN) dysfunction has emerged as a consistent biological correlate of multiple psychiatric disorders. Specifically, there is evidence of alterations in DMN cohesiveness in schizophrenia, mood and anxiety disorders. The aim of this study was to synthesize at a fine spatial resolution the intra-network functional connectivity of the DMN in adults diagnosed with schizophrenia, mood and anxiety disorders, capitalizing on powerful meta-analytic tools provided by activation likelihood estimation. Methods. Results from 70 whole-brain resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging articles published during the last 15 years were included comprising observations from 2,789 patients and 3,002 healthy controls. Results. Specific regional changes in DMN cohesiveness located in the anteromedial and posteromedial cortex emerged as shared and trans-diagnostic brain phenotypes. Disease-specific dysconnectivity was also identified. Unmedicated patients showed more DMN functional alterations, highlighting the importance of interventions targeting the functional integration of the DMN. Conclusion. This study highlights functional alteration in the major hubs of the DMN, suggesting common abnormalities in self-referential mental activity across psychiatric disorders.

The Default Mode Network in Healthy Individuals: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren E. Mak ◽  
Luciano Minuzzi ◽  
Glenda MacQueen ◽  
Geoffrey Hall ◽  
Sidney H. Kennedy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Default Mode
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