scholarly journals Default mode network and frontolimbic gray matter abnormalities in patients with borderline personality disorder: A voxel-based meta-analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xun Yang ◽  
Liyuan Hu ◽  
Jianguang Zeng ◽  
Ying Tan ◽  
Bochao Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Default Mode

Evidence for default mode network dysfunction in borderline personality disorder

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (10) ◽  
pp. 1746-1754
Author(s):  
Salvatore Aguilar-Ortiz ◽  
Pilar Salgado-Pineda ◽  
Daniel Vega ◽  
Juan C. Pascual ◽  
Josep Marco-Pallarés ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
History Of

AbstractBackgroundAlthough executive and other cognitive deficits have been found in patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD), whether these have brain functional correlates has been little studied. This study aimed to examine patterns of task-related activation and de-activation during the performance of a working memory task in patients with the disorder.MethodsSixty-seven DSM-IV BPD patients and 67 healthy controls underwent fMRI during the performance of the n-back task. Linear models were used to obtain maps of within-group activations and areas of differential activation between the groups.ResultsOn corrected whole-brain analysis, there were no activation differences between the BPD patients and the healthy controls during the main 2-back v. baseline contrast, but reduced activation was seen in the precentral cortex bilaterally and the left inferior parietal cortex in the 2-back v. 1-back contrast. The patients showed failure of de-activation affecting the medial frontal cortex and the precuneus, plus in other areas. The changes did not appear to be attributable to previous history of depression, which was present in nearly half the sample.ConclusionsIn this study, there was some, though limited, evidence for lateral frontal hypoactivation in BPD during the performance of an executive task. BPD also appears to be associated with failure of de-activation in key regions of the default mode network.

Effects of mindfulness training on the default mode network in borderline personality disorder

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 562-571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Carmona i Farrés ◽  
Matilde Elices ◽  
Joaquim Soler ◽  
Elisabet Domínguez‐Clavé ◽  
Ana Martín‐Blanco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Mindfulness Training ◽  
Default Mode

Amygdala and anterior cingulate resting-state functional connectivity in borderline personality disorder patients with a history of interpersonal trauma

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (13) ◽  
pp. 2889-2901 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Krause-Utz ◽  
I. M. Veer ◽  
S. A. R. B. Rombouts ◽  
M. Bohus ◽  
C. Schmahl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
Default Mode

BackgroundStudies in borderline personality disorder (BPD) have consistently revealed abnormalities in fronto-limbic brain regions during emotional, somatosensory and cognitive challenges. Here we investigated changes in resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) of three fronto-limbic core regions of specific importance to BPD.MethodFunctional magnetic resonance imaging data were acquired in 20 unmedicated female BPD patients and 17 healthy controls (HC, matched for age, sex and education) during rest. The amygdala, and the dorsal and ventral anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) were defined as seeds to investigate RSFC patterns of a medial temporal lobe network, the salience network and default mode network. The Dissociation Experience Scale (DES), a measure of trait dissociation, was additionally used as a predictor of RSFC with these seed regions.ResultsCompared with HC, BPD patients showed a trend towards increased RSFC between the amygdala and the insula, orbitofrontal cortex and putamen. Compared with controls, patients furthermore exhibited diminished negative RSFC between the dorsal ACC and posterior cingulate cortex, a core region of the default mode network, and regions of the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex. Last, increased negative RSFC between the ventral ACC and medial occipital regions was observed in BPD patients. DES scores were correlated with amygdala connectivity with the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and fusiform gyrus.ConclusionsOur findings suggest alterations in resting-state networks associated with processing of negative emotions, encoding of salient events, and self-referential processing in individuals with BPD compared with HC. These results shed more light on the role of abnormal brain connectivity in BPD.

Rumination in Borderline Personality Disorder: Meta-Analysis

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mara J. Richman ◽  
Zsolt Unoka ◽  
Robert Dudas ◽  
Zsolt Demetrovics
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Emotion Dysregulation ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Sample Type ◽  
Moderator Variables ◽  
Analytic Review ◽  
Self Harm

Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is characterized by deficits in emotion regulation and affective liability. Of this domain, ruminative behaviors have been considered a core feature of emotion dysregulation difficulties. Despite this, inconsistencies have existed in the literature regarding which rumination type is most prominent in those with BPD symptoms. Moreover, no meta-analytic review has been performed to date on rumination in BPD. Taking this into consideration, a meta-analysis was performed to assess how BPD symptoms correlate with rumination, while also considering clinical moderator variables (i.e., BPD symptom domain, co-morbidities, GAF score) and demographic moderator variables (i.e., age, gender, sample type, and education level). Analysis of correlation across rumination domains for the entire sample revealed a medium overall correlation between BPD symptoms and rumination. When assessing types of rumination, the largest correlation was among pain rumination followed by anger, depressive, and anxious rumination. Among BPD symptom domain, affective instability had the strongest correlation with increased rumination, followed by unstable relationships, identity disturbance, and self-harm/ impulsivity, respectively. Demographic variables showed no significance. Clinical implications are considered and further therapeutic interventions are discussed in the context of rumination.

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