scholarly journals The Effects of Subchronic Exposure to Metribuzin onDanio rerio

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucie Plhalova ◽  
Stanislava Stepanova ◽  
Eva Praskova ◽  
Lucie Chromcova ◽  
Lenka Zelnickova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Biochemical Markers ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Total Body Weight ◽  
Fish Growth ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Subchronic Exposure ◽  
Effect Concentration ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this study was to assess the impact of metribuzin in surface waters on fish under experimental conditions. The effects of subchronic exposure to metribuzin on fish growth and the development of histopathological changes in selected organs (gill, kidney, liver) and on activity of some biochemical markers (CYP450, EROD) inDanio reriowere investigated during a 28-day toxicity test. Juvenile growth tests were performed onD. rerioaccording to OECD method number 215. Fish at an initial age of 30 days were exposed to a range of metribuzin concentrations (1.5, 5, 16, 33, and 53 mg L−1). Exposure to metribuzin at 53 mg L−1was associated with increased mortality. Negative effects with regard to total body weight, length, and the inhibition of specific growth rate were induced at concentrations of 33 and 53 mg L−1. Histopathological examination revealed pathological lesions in the liver in pesticide-exposed fish only at the highest concentration of 53 mg L−1of metribuzin. Based on the results of growth rate, biochemical markers (CYP450, EROD), and histopathological examination, the lowest observed effect concentration (LOEC) value was 33 mg L−1and the no observed effect concentration (NOEC) value was 16 mg L−1.

scholarly journals The Effects of Subchronic Exposure to Terbuthylazine on Early Developmental Stages of Common Carp

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanislava Štěpánová ◽  
Lucie Plhalová ◽  
Petra Doleželová ◽  
Miroslav Prokeš ◽  
Petr Maršálek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Common Carp ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Total Body Length ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Environmental Concentration ◽  
Effect Concentration ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this study was to assess the impact of terbuthylazine in surface waters on fish under experimental conditions. Subchronic toxic effects on embryos and larvae of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) were investigated during a 30-day toxicity test. The exposure to terbuthylazin showed no effect on mortality, but significant differences (P<0.0001) were revealed on weight and growth parameters at concentrations of 520 and 820 μg/L. The inhibition of specific growth rate at concentrations of 520 and 820 μg/L was 14% compared to the control group. No significant negative effects on total body length and body weight were observed at lower concentrations (0.9 and 160 μg/L). The concentrations 520 and 820 μg/L were associated with a delay in development compared to other experimental groups and controls. On the basis of weight and growth rate evaluation and determination of developmental stages, the No Observed Effect Concentration (NOEC) of terbuthylazine was estimated at 160 μg/L and the Lowest Observed Effect Concentration (LOEC) was 520 μg/L. According to these results, the reported environmental concentration of terbuthylazine in Czech rivers does not impact growth, development, morphology, or histology of carp embryos and larvae.

scholarly journals Innovation, Mark-Up and Firm Growth: Evidence from China’s New Generation IT Industry

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 2000
Author(s):  
Hongya Li ◽  
Laiqun Jin ◽  
Yuanyao Ding
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Market Power ◽  
Firm Growth ◽  
Capital Intensity ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Export Demand ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Industrial Firms ◽  
New Generation ◽  
The Impact

In this paper, we provide empirical evidence for understanding the growth behavior of China’s new generation of information technology (IT) industrial firms and the impact of innovation and market power on them. Based on the data of China’s new generation IT industrial firms covering the period 2000–2007, we use ordinary least square (OLS) and two-stage least squares (IV-2SLS) methods to study the effects of innovation and markup on the growth of China’s new generation IT industrial firms in the framework of Gibrat’s law. IV-2SLS estimations show that: (1) Innovation and markup have positive and significant effects on the firm’s total revenue growth rate, but have no significant or negative effects on the growth rate of the firm’s total assets and employment. (2) Innovation has a positive and significant effect on the firm’s mark-up. The results indicate that for China’s new generation IT industrial firms which are technology-intensive, improving the technological innovation and market power will reduce the firm’s input and increase the firm’s output. Innovation can significantly increase the firm’s mark-up. (3) From the perspective of the dynamic evolution of a firm’s growth, firm size has a negative and significant impact on the firm growth while firm age has a positive and significant impact on the firm’s growth. In addition, we also examine the different effects of capital intensity and export demand on the firm’s growth.

scholarly journals Effects of Subchronic Exposure of Diclofenac on Growth, Histopathological Changes, and Oxidative Stress in Zebrafish (Danio rerio)

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Praskova ◽  
Lucie Plhalova ◽  
Lucie Chromcova ◽  
Stanislava Stepanova ◽  
Iveta Bedanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Glutathione Reductase ◽  
Danio Rerio ◽  
Fish Growth ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Environmental Concentration ◽  
Subchronic Exposure ◽  
Effect Concentration ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

The aim of this study was to investigate effects of subchronic exposure to sublethal levels of diclofenac on growth, oxidative stress, and histopathological changes inDanio rerio. The juvenile growth tests were performed onDanio rerioaccording to OECD method number 215. Fish at the age of 20 days were exposed to the diclofenac environmental concentration commonly detected in the Czech rivers (0.02 mg L−1) and the range of sublethal concentrations of diclofenac (5, 15, 30, and 60 mg L−1) for 28 days. A significant decrease (P<0.01) in the fish growth caused by diclofenac was observed in the concentrations of 30 and 60 mg L−1. The identified value of LOEC (lowest observed effect concentration) was 15 mg L−1of diclofenac and NOEC (no observed effect concentration) value was 5 mg L−1of diclofenac. We did not find histopathological changes and changes of selected parameters of oxidative stress (glutathione S-transferase, glutathione reductase) in tested fish. The environmental concentration of diclofenac in Czech rivers did not have any effect on growth, selected oxidative stress parameters (glutathione S-transferase, glutathione reductase), or histopathological changes inDanio reriobut it could have an influence on lipid peroxidation.

Activating multiple roles of customer-firm relationships in service failures

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 250-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laszlo Sajtos ◽  
Yit Sean Chong
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Damage Control ◽  
Service Recovery ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Service Failures ◽  
Excellent Service ◽  
The Impact

Purpose Scholars have proposed that the negative effects of service failures can be countered by developing and maintaining high quality customer-company relationships or by providing excellent service recovery to customers. While both strategies have been proposed as ways to overcome the negative effects of service failures, there are only a limited number of studies that have examined their joint effects. The purpose of this paper is to fill this gap by investigating the impact of these two strategies jointly on rumination (brooding and reflection), anger and customer forgiveness (revenge, avoidance and benevolence). Design/methodology/approach The experimental design used in this study is an adaptation of Mattila’s (2001) research design, which manipulated both the level of service recovery and relationship. A total of 677 respondents were assigned randomly to one of the six experimental conditions. Multi-group structural equation modeling was employed to estimate the proposed model across three relational conditions. Findings This study suggests that the buffering effects are directly triggered by the impact of relationships, whereas, the magnifying effects are primarily related to the customer’s cognitive processes. This study reveals multiple forms of concurrent buffering and magnifying effects in service failures. Originality/value The findings of the study led to a classification system of the various forms of buffering and magnifying effects of relationships in the event of service failures. The four active roles of relationships are identified as damage control, benefit catalyst, benefit attenuator and damage catalyst. This proposed typology breaks new ground for theorizing about relationship utilization in negative incidents.

Positive and Negative Consequences of Making Coffee among Breakfast Related Irrelevant Objects: Evidence from MCI, Dementia, and Healthy Ageing

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 481-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Rodríguez-Bailón ◽  
Tamara García-Morán ◽  
Nuria Montoro-Membila ◽  
Estrella Ródenas-García ◽  
Marisa Arnedo Montoro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Daily Living ◽  
Separate Analysis ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Target Task ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Dementia Patients ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Adl Performance

AbstractObjectives: Previous studies have reported impairments in activities of daily living (ADL) performance in the presence of irrelevant but physically/functionally related objects in dementia patients. The aim of the present study was to increase our knowledge about the impact of the presence of contextually related non-target objects on ADL execution in patients with multi-domain mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia. Methods: We compared ADL execution in patients with MCI, dementia, and healthy elderly participants under two experimental conditions: One in which the target objects were embedded with contextually related non-target items that constituted the object set necessary to complete two additional (but unrequired) ADL tasks related to the target task, and a second, control condition where target objects were surrounded by isolated objects (they never constituted a whole set needed to complete an alternative ADL task). Results: Separate analysis of ADL errors associated with the target task versus errors involving the non-target objects revealed that, although the presence of contextually related objects facilitated the accomplishment of the target task, such a condition also led to errors involving the use of irrelevant objects in dementia and MCI. Conclusions: The presence of contextually related non-target items produces both positive and negative effects on ADL performance. These types of non-target objects might help to cue the retrieval of the action schema related to the target task, particularly in patients with MCI. In contrast, the presence of these objects might also lead to distraction in dementia and MCI. (JINS, 2017, 23, 481–492)

scholarly journals DISTRIBUTIVE TRADE AND ECONOMIC GROWTH: EU28 EVIDENCE FOR THE PERIOD 2008-2015

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 489-506
Author(s):  
Svetlana Sokolov Mladenović ◽  
Igor Mladenović ◽  
Djordje Ćuzović
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Multiple Regression Model ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Member States ◽  
Economic Growth Rate ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Trade Sector ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this paper is to appoint the causality between economic activity in the sector of distributive trade and the economic growth of 28 European Union nations. Specifically, it examines the impact of changes in turnover per employee in the distributive trade sector in EU member states on the tangible economic growth rate. The determination to adopt this approach stems from the fact that existing studies mainly explore indirect relationship between economic activities in distributive trade and economic development, with less focus on the direct impact of distributive trade on economic growth. The paper utilizes information for the period from 2008 to 2015. The research relies on multiple regression model, with the Hausman test its robustness. The results indicate that a hike in turnover per employee in the distributive trade sector by 10 euros per year in one EU member state increases its real economic growth rate by 0.15% in that same year. The significance of the made results is reflected in the fact that the survey takes into account the last economic crisis, and highlights negative effects of final consumption expenditure of general government % GDP on the tangible economic growth rate in EU member states.

scholarly journals Impact of the surgical implantation of acoustic transmitters on the condition and health of pikeperch (Sander lucioperca (L.))

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-192
Author(s):  
Zdzisław Zakęś ◽  
Maciej Rożyński ◽  
Andrzej Kapusta ◽  
Elżbieta Ziomek ◽  
Krystyna Demska-Zakęś
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Fish Growth ◽  
Tissue Adhesive ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Sander Lucioperca ◽  
Recirculating Aquaculture Systems ◽  
Surgical Implantation ◽  
Hematological Indicators ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The aim of the study was to determine the impact the surgical implantation of acoustic transmitters (AT; implantation incisions were sutured with tissue adhesive) had on the condition and health of pikeperch, Sander lucioperca (L.), (initial body weight of approximately 600 g). After tagging, the fish were held for 42 days in recirculating aquaculture systems. During this period, no negative effects were observed stemming from the implantation of AT on fish growth, condition, survival, or foraging effectiveness. The procedure also did not have a negative impact on hematological indicators. Among the 13 biochemical blood plasma indicators analyzed, only glucose level in the fish tagged with AT was significantly lower than that in the control group (P≤0.05). The rate of wound healing and the condition of the implantation incisions raised no concerns. Three weeks following the AT implantation procedure the incisions were closed and no infection was noted. Short-term AT retention (42 days) was 83.3%, and the fish shed the tags in the first two weeks following implantation.

scholarly journals EFEK DARI PEWARNA BATIK BERBAHAN DASAR SAMPAHMANGROVE (Rhizophora sp.): UJI TOKSISITAS TERHADAP IKAN GUPPY(Poecilia reticulata) DAN Chlorella pyrenoidosa

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 190-198
Author(s):  
Fentika Rahma Mentari ◽  
Boedi Hendrarto ◽  
Haeruddin Haeruddin
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Poecilia Reticulata ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Fish Growth ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Growth Data ◽  
Chlorella Sp ◽  
Effect Concentration ◽  
Split Plot

ABSTRAK Sampah mangrove (Rhizophora sp.)telah dimanfaatkan sebagai pewarna alami untuk batik. Pemanfaatan ini diduga akan menghasilkan limbah cair yang dibuang langsung ke lingkungan perairan yang dapat menyebabkan pencemaran perairan dan meracuni biota air. Oleh karena itu diadakan penelitian untuk mengetahui efek pembuangan sisa pewarnaan batik dari limbah mangrove (Rhizhophora sp.) terhadap ikan dan alga. Metode penelitian yang digunakanadalah eksperimental skala laboratoris dengan menggunakan ikan guppy (P. reticulata) dan alga C. pyrenoidosa menyertakan uji toksisitas. Analisis data menggunakan analisis probit dengan persamaan regresi untuk mendapatkan nilai (LC50) 96 jam dan (IC50) 96 jam. Pertumbuhan ikan guppy dianalisa menggunakan analisis ANOVA dua faktor rancangan blok random lengkap dan data pertumbuhan alga dianalisa menggunakanANOVA petak terpisah. Data pertumbuhan ikan dan alga dianalisa dengan uji lanjut Dunnet untuk mengetahui nilai LOEC (Lowest-Observed Effect Concentration).Hasil yang diperoleh adalah nilai konsentrasi (LC50) 96 jam pada limbah pewarna batik mangrove adalah 29% dan diketahui mampu memberikan pengaruh nyata dalam menghambat laju pertumbuhan berat pada hewan uji ikan guppy (P < 0,05) dan mampu menghambat laju pertumbuhan Chlorella sp. dengan nilai konsentrasi penghambatan media (IC50) 96 jam adalah61,70%. Uji anova split plot in time pada konsentrasi 1,5625% memberikan pengaruh nyata (P < 0,05) pada jam ke-48 dalam pertumbuhan C. pyrenoidosa dengan nilai konsentrasi LOEC adalah 1,5625%.  Kata kunci: Toksisitas;Rhizopora sp.; Ikan Guppy;Chlorella sp.  ABSTRACT Mangrove litters (Rhizophora sp.) has been used as a natural dye for batik. This utilization is expected to produce liquid waste which is dumped directly into the aquatic environments which may cause water pollution and poisoning aquatic organism. Therefore it was necessary to do the research to determine the effect of  batik dye from mangrove (Rhizophora sp.) against fish and algae. The methods used in this research was experimental laboratory scale using guppies (P. reticulata) and algae C. pyrenoidosa including toxicity test. The analysis of data used probit analysis with regression equations to get the value of (LC50) 96 hours and (IC50) 96 hours. Guppy fish growth data were analyzed using a complete random block design two way ANOVA and data of alga growth were analyzed with split plot analysis of variance. Fish and algae growth data were analyzed by a further test to determine the value of LOEC (Lowest-Observed Effect Concentration). Results obtained concentration values (LC50) 96 hours on mangrove batik dye waste was 29% and it was known to give significant effect in inhibiting the growth rate of the weight in  the guppies animals test (P < 0,05), and also was able to inhibit the growth rate of C. pyrenoidosa with a medium inhibitory concentration values (IC50) 96 hours are61,70%. The test of split plot in time anova on the concentration of  1,5625% was giving significant effect (P < 0,05) at the 48th hour in the growth of C. pyrenoidosa with the concentration of LOEC was 1,5625%.  Keywords: Toxicity;Rhizoporasp.; Poecilia reticulata; Chlorella sp.

scholarly journals Social Capital and Firm Performance: The Tourism Market Case

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 025-039
Author(s):  
Svetlana Orekhova ◽  
◽  
Vera Zarutskaya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Transaction Management ◽  
Methodological Framework ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Market Participants ◽  
Network Embeddedness ◽  
Cognitive Components ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact

There has been a shift in the management of organizations from separation to networking among market participants. Social capital has a significant role among the enforcing mechanisms in specific markets. The study assesses the impact of the level of social capital on the effectiveness of a network-based organization. The methodological framework of the research includes a set of neoinstitutional theories and strategic management, among which the key ones are the theories of networks, social capital, and transaction costs. Research methods in the theoretical part of the paper are synthesis, typology, and content analysis. The information base of the study is a survey and statistical reporting of 101 tourist organizations of the Russian Sverdlovsk region for 2017–2020. We identify structural, relational, and cognitive components of an organization's social capital and establish the impact of the components of social capital on the growth rate of revenue and the growth rate of profitability of sales in Russian tourism for two (2017–2019) and three (2017–2020) years. There are positive and negative effects of the social capital impact in the organization. The social structure (structural component of social capital) and behavioral practices (relational and cognitive components) ensure the sustainability and growth of the business. However, neglecting market-based transaction management mechanisms risks reducing the growth of network «embeddedness» and the organization's performance.

The More Control, the Better?

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeeyun Oh ◽  
Mun-Young Chung ◽  
Sangyong Han
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Design ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Story Structure ◽  
Content Type ◽  
High User ◽  
User Control ◽  
Rigorous Research ◽  
Control Versus ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Impact

Despite of the popularity of interactive movie trailers, rigorous research on one of the most apparent features of these interfaces – the level of user control – has been scarce. This study explored the effects of user control on users’ immersion and enjoyment of the movie trailers, moderated by the content type. We conducted a 2 (high user control versus low user control) × 2 (drama film trailer versus documentary film trailer) mixed-design factorial experiment. The results showed that the level of user control over movie trailer interfaces decreased users’ immersion when the trailer had an element of traditional story structure, such as a drama film trailer. Participants in the high user control condition answered that they were less fascinated with, absorbed in, focused on, mentally involved with, and emotionally affected by the movie trailer than participants in the low user control condition only with the drama movie trailer. The negative effects of user control on the level of immersion for the drama trailer translated into users’ enjoyment. The impact of user control over interfaces on immersion and enjoyment varies depending on the nature of the media content, which suggests a possible trade-off between the level of user control and entertainment outcomes.

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