scholarly journals Exogenous polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) alter phospholipid composition, membrane permeability, biofilm formation and motility in Acinetobacter baumannii

Microbiology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 163 (11) ◽  
pp. 1626-1636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrianna E. Eder ◽  
Saba A. Munir ◽  
Chelsea R. Hobby ◽  
Derek M. Anderson ◽  
Joshua L. Herndon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Membrane Permeability ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Phospholipid Composition

scholarly journals Exogenous Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Impact Membrane Remodeling and Affect Virulence Phenotypes among Pathogenic Vibrio Species

2017 ◽  
Vol 83 (22) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna R. Moravec ◽  
Andrew W. Siv ◽  
Chelsea R. Hobby ◽  
Emily N. Lindsay ◽  
Layla V. Norbash ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Membrane Permeability ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Membrane Lipids ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Exogenous Fatty Acid ◽  
Content Type

ABSTRACT The pathogenic Vibrio species (V. cholerae, V. parahaemolyticus, and V. vulnificus) represent a constant threat to human health, causing foodborne and skin wound infections as a result of ingestion of or exposure to contaminated water and seafood. Recent studies have highlighted Vibrio's ability to acquire fatty acids from environmental sources and assimilate them into cell membranes. The possession and conservation of such machinery provokes consideration of fatty acids as important factors in the pathogenic lifestyle of Vibrio species. The findings here link exogenous fatty acid exposure to changes in bacterial membrane phospholipid structure, permeability, phenotypes associated with virulence, and consequent stress responses that may impact survival and persistence of pathogenic Vibrio species. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) (ranging in carbon length and unsaturation) supplied in growth medium were assimilated into bacterial phospholipids, as determined by thin-layer chromatography and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The incorporation of fatty acids variably affected membrane permeability, as judged by uptake of the hydrophobic compound crystal violet. For each species, certain fatty acids were identified as affecting resistance to antimicrobial peptide treatment. Significant fluctuations were observed with regard to both motility and biofilm formation following growth in the presence of individual PUFAs. Our results illustrate the important and complex roles of exogenous fatty acids in the membrane physiology and virulence of a bacterial genus that inhabits aquatic and host environments containing an abundance of diverse fatty acids. IMPORTANCE Bacterial responses to fatty acids include, but are not limited to, degradation for metabolic gain, modification of membrane lipids, alteration of protein function, and regulation of gene expression. Vibrio species exhibit significant diversity with regard to the machinery known to participate in the uptake and incorporation of fatty acids into their membranes. Both aquatic and host niches occupied by Vibrio are rife with various free fatty acids and fatty acid-containing lipids. The roles of fatty acids in the environmental survival and pathogenesis of bacteria have begun to emerge and are expected to expand significantly. The current study demonstrates the responsiveness of V. cholerae, V. parahaemolyticus, and V. vulnificus to exogenous PUFAs. In addition to phospholipid remodeling, PUFA assimilation impacts membrane permeability, motility, biofilm formation, and resistance to polymyxin B.

scholarly journals Exogenous fatty acids alter phospholipid composition, membrane permeability, capacity for biofilm formation, and antimicrobial peptide susceptibility in Klebsiella pneumoniae

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. e00635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chelsea R. Hobby ◽  
Joshua L. Herndon ◽  
Colton A. Morrow ◽  
Rachel E. Peters ◽  
Steven J. K. Symes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Antimicrobial Peptide ◽  
Membrane Permeability ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Phospholipid Composition

Induction of Ca-independent PLA2 and conservation of plasmalogen polyunsaturated fatty acids in diabetic heart

2000 ◽  
Vol 279 (1) ◽  
pp. E25-E32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane McHowat ◽  
Michael H. Creer ◽  
Kristine K. Hicks ◽  
Janet H. Jones ◽  
Raetreal McCrory ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Phospholipid Composition ◽  
Phospholipid Metabolism ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Phospholipid Content ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Phospholipid Hydrolysis ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Docosahexaenoic Acids

Diabetes-induced changes in phospholipase A2(PLA2) activity have been measured in several tissues but are undefined in diabetic myocardium. We measured ventricular PLA2 activity in control, streptozotocin-induced diabetic, and insulin-treated diabetic rats and characterized myocardial phospholipids to determine whether diabetes altered myocardial phospholipid metabolism. Increased membrane-associated Ca2+-independent PLA2 (iPLA2) activity was observed in diabetes that was selective for arachidonylated phospholipids. Increased iPLA2 activity was accompanied by an increase in choline lysophospholipids. Diabetes was associated with marked alterations in the phospholipid composition of the myocardium, characterized by decreases in esterified arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acids and increases in linoleic acid. The decrease in polyunsaturated fatty acids was confined to diacylphospholipids, whereas the relative amount of these fatty acids in plasmalogens was increased. Diabetes-induced changes in PLA2 activity, lysophospholipid production, and alterations in phospholipid composition were all reversed by insulin treatment of diabetic animals. Diabetes-induced changes in membrane phospholipid content and phospholipid hydrolysis may contribute to some of the alterations in myocardial function that are observed in diabetic patients.

scholarly journals Assessment of Antibiofilm Potencies of Nervonic and Oleic Acid against Acinetobacter baumannii Using In Vitro and Computational Approaches

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1133
Author(s):  
Sagar Kiran Khadke ◽  
Jin-Hyung Lee ◽  
Yong-Guy Kim ◽  
Vinit Raj ◽  
Jintae Lee
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Quorum Sensing ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Homoserine Lactone ◽  
Antimicrobial Treatment ◽  
Dynamic Simulations

Acinetobacter baumannii is a nosocomial pathogen, and its biofilms are tolerant to desiccation, nutrient starvation, and antimicrobial treatment on biotic and abiotic surfaces, tissues, and medical devices. Biofilm formation by A. baumannii is triggered by a quorum sensing cascade, and we hypothesized that fatty acids might inhibit its biofilm formation by interfering with quorum sensing. Initially, we investigated the antibiofilm activities of 24 fatty acids against A. baumannii ATCC 17978 and two clinical isolates. Among these fatty acids, two unsaturated fatty acids, nervonic and oleic acid, at 20 μg/mL significantly inhibited A. baumannii biofilm formation without affecting its planktonic cell growth (MICs were >500 μg/mL) and markedly decreased the motility of A. baumannii but had no toxic effect on the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Interestingly, molecular dynamic simulations showed that both fatty acids bind to the quorum sensing acyl homoserine lactone synthase (AbaI), and decent conformational stabilities of interactions between the fatty acids and AbaI were exhibited. Our results demonstrate that nervonic and oleic acid inhibit biofilm formation by A. baumannii strains and may be used as lead molecules for the control of persistent A. baumannii infections.

scholarly journals Exogenous polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) promote changes in growth, phospholipid composition, membrane permeability and virulence phenotypes in Escherichia coli

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua L. Herndon ◽  
Rachel E. Peters ◽  
Rachel N. Hofer ◽  
Timothy B. Simmons ◽  
Steven J. Symes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Membrane Permeability ◽  
Phospholipid Composition ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Membrane Phospholipids ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli

Abstract Background The utilization of exogenous fatty acids by Gram-negative bacteria has been linked to many cellular processes, including fatty acid oxidation for metabolic gain, assimilation into membrane phospholipids, and control of phenotypes associated with virulence. The expanded fatty acid handling capabilities have been demonstrated in several bacteria of medical importance; however, a survey of the polyunsaturated fatty acid responses in the model organism Escherichia coli has not been performed. The current study examined the impacts of exogenous fatty acids on E. coli. Results All PUFAs elicited higher overall growth, with several fatty acids supporting growth as sole carbon sources. Most PUFAs were incorporated into membrane phospholipids as determined by Ultra performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, whereas membrane permeability was variably affected as measured by two separate dye uptake assays. Biofilm formation, swimming motility and antimicrobial peptide resistance were altered in the presence of PUFAs, with arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acids eliciting strong alteration to these phenotypes. Conclusions The findings herein add E. coli to the growing list of Gram-negative bacteria with broader capabilities for utilizing and responding to exogenous fatty acids. Understanding bacterial responses to PUFAs may lead to microbial behavioral control regimens for disease prevention.

scholarly journals Polyunsaturated fatty acids cause physiological and behavioral changes in Vibrio alginolyticus and Vibrio fischeri

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David S. Smith ◽  
Carina Houck ◽  
Allycia Lee ◽  
Timothy B. Simmons ◽  
Olivia N. Chester ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Membrane Permeability ◽  
Vibrio Alginolyticus ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Membrane Phospholipids ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Swimming Motility

Vibrio alginolyticus and Vibrio (Aliivibrio) fischeri are Gram-negative bacteria found globally in marine environments. During the past decade, studies have shown that certain Gram-negative bacteria, including Vibrio species (cholerae, parahaemolyticus, and vulnificus) are capable of using exogenous polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) to modify the phospholipids of their membrane. Moreover, exposure to exogenous PUFAs has been shown to affect certain phenotypes that are important factors of virulence. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether V. alginolyticus and V. fischeri are capable of responding to exogenous PUFAs by remodeling their membrane phospholipids and/or altering behaviors associated with virulence. Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) analyses and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (UPLC/ESI-MS) confirmed incorporation of all PUFAs into membrane phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine. Several growth phenotypes were identified when individual fatty acids were supplied in minimal media and as sole carbon sources. Interestingly, several PUFAs acids inhibited growth of V. fischeri. Significant alterations to membrane permeability were observed depending on fatty acid supplemented. Strikingly, arachidonic acid (20:4) reduced membrane permeability by approximately 35% in both V. alginolyticus and V. fischeri. Biofilm assays indicated that fatty acid influence was dependent on media composition and temperature. All fatty acids caused decreased swimming motility in V. alginolyticus, while only linoleic acid (18:2) significantly increased swimming motility in V. fischeri. In summary, exogenous fatty acids cause a variety of changes in V. alginolyticus and V. fischeri, thus adding these bacteria to a growing list of Gram-negatives that exhibit versatility in fatty acid utilization and highlighting the potential for environmental PUFAs to influence phenotypes associated with planktonic, beneficial, and pathogenic associations.

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