Impact of Tobacco Thrips on Cowpea

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Paul McLeod ◽  
Tahir Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Seed Weight ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Severely Injured ◽  
Plant Seed ◽  
Southern Us ◽  
Frankliniella Fusca ◽  
The Us ◽  
Tobacco Thrips ◽  
The Impact

In the southern US, seedling cowpeas are severely injured by the tobacco thrips, Frankliniella fusca (Hinds). This feeding results in discoloration and distortion of the leaf tissue. Although damage from thrips feeding on foliage is common and appears substantial, recent studies have demonstrated little impact on cowpea yield. Caging up to ten F. fusca per cowpea seedling failed to significantly reduce number of pods, seed number, or seed weight when compared to cowpea seedlings caged with no thrips. Also, no significant differences in the days to initial flowering were detected among the treatments, i.e., 0, 1, 2, 5, or 10 thrips per seedling. In field studies, the insecticide, bifenthrin, applied to cowpea seedlings effectively reduced the number of thrips and significantly reduced foliar damage when compared to non-treated seedlings. At harvest however, no significant differences were detected among the other variables tested, i.e., pods per plant, seed per plant, seed per pod, seed weight per plant, nor weight per seed. Thus, data indicate that the impact of F. fusca on cowpea produced in the US is likely less than previously thought and early season thrips management is of little value. Accepted for publication 10 September 2012. Published 19 October 2012.

scholarly journals Role of beneficial microbes with nitrogen and phosphorous levels on canola productivity

2022 ◽  
Vol 82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hazratullah ◽  
A. Muhammad ◽  
M. Alam ◽  
I. Ahmad ◽  
A. Jalal
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Plant Seed ◽  
Seed Filling ◽  
Beneficial Microbes ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
The Impact

Abstract A research was conducted to evaluate the impact of various nitrogen and phosphorus levels along with beneficial microbes to enhance canola productivity. The research was carried out at Agronomy Research Farm, The University of Agriculture Peshawar in winter 2016-2017. The experiment was conducted in randomized complete block factorial design. The study was comprised of three factors including nitrogen (60, 120 and 180 kg ha-1), phosphorous (70, 100 and 130 kg ha-1) and beneficial microbes (with and without BM). A control treatment with no N, P and BM was also kept for comparison. Application of beneficial microbes significantly increased pods plant, seed pod, seed filling duration, 1000 seed weight, biological yield and seed yield as compared to control plots. Nitrogen applied at the rate of 180 kg ha-1 increased pods plant-1, seed pod, seed filling duration, seed weight, biological yield and seed yield. Maximum pods plant-1, seed pod, early seed filling, heavier seed weight, biological yield, seed yield, and harvest index were observed in plots treated with 130 kg.ha-1 phosphorous. As comparison, the combine treated plots have more pods plant-1, seeds pod-1, seed filling duration, heaviest seeds, biological yield, seed yield and harvest index as compared to control plots. It is concluded that application of beneficial microbes with N and P at the rate of 180 kg ha-1 and 130 kg ha-1, respectively, increased yield and its attributes for canola.

scholarly journals Effect of Cover Crop Management and Preemergence Herbicides on the Control of ALS-Resistant Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) in Peanut

2011 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. H. Dobrow ◽  
J. A. Ferrell ◽  
W. H. Faircloth ◽  
G. E. MacDonald ◽  
B. J. Brecke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crop ◽  
Crop Management ◽  
Acetolactate Synthase ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Palmer Amaranth ◽  
Amaranthus Palmeri ◽  
Management Scenarios ◽  
Southern Us ◽  
Preemergence Herbicides ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Palmer amaranth is a troublesome species across the southern US, and has become a serious problem in the SE in recent years. Resistance to acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibiting herbicides has made control of Palmer amaranth even more difficult for peanut producers. Field studies were conducted in 2008 and 2009 to determine the impact of three rye cover crop management scenarios combined with non–ALS residual herbicides on the duration of control of ALS-resistant Palmer amaranth. Cover crop scenarios included planting into a desiccated rye cover that was left standing, or rolled flat, or no-cover. Within each cover crop scenario five soil residual herbicides were evaluated to determine the duration that each herbicide provided acceptable control of ALS-resistant Palmer amaranth in peanut. Weed counts were conducted weekly to determine the number of Palmer amaranth free days (PFD), which equated to 1 Palmer amaranth per m of row. In 2008, cover crop did not affect the number of PFD and data ranged from 3 to 67 d. In 2009, standing and rolled cover provided greater PFD relative to no-cover. However, herbicide efficacy was reduced in 2009 with PFD ranging between 0.1 and 16 d after treatment. In both years, PFD was ordered as flumioxazin>S-metolachlor (at cracking)>S-metolachlor (preemergence), norflurazon >pendimethalin.

Systematic review methodology for development: An example from microfinance

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carina Van Rooyen ◽  
Ruth Stewart ◽  
Thea De Wet
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
International Development ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Systematic Review Methodology ◽  
Development Interventions ◽  
The Us ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Evidence Based Decision Making

Big international development donors such as the UK’s Department for International Development and USAID have recently started using systematic review as a methodology to assess the effectiveness of various development interventions to help them decide what is the ‘best’ intervention to spend money on. Such an approach to evidence-based decision-making has long been practiced in the health sector in the US, UK, and elsewhere but it is relatively new in the development field. In this article we use the case of a systematic review of the impact of microfinance on the poor in sub-Saharan African to indicate how systematic review as a methodology can be used to assess the impact of specific development interventions.

The Impact of Monetary and Fiscal Policies on the Stock Market in the United States (U.S); Evidence from Linear ARDL Framework

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 132-132
Author(s):  
Aref Emamian
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Stock Market ◽  
The United States ◽  
Real Effective Exchange Rate ◽  
Annual Data ◽  
Fiscal Policies ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Us ◽  
Short Run ◽  
The Impact

This study examines the impact of monetary and fiscal policies on the stock market in the United States (US), were used. By employing the method of Autoregressive Distributed Lags (ARDL) developed by Pesaran et al. (2001). Annual data from the Federal Reserve, World Bank, and International Monetary Fund, from 1986 to 2017 pertaining to the American economy, the results show that both policies play a significant role in the stock market. We find a significant positive effect of real Gross Domestic Product and the interest rate on the US stock market in the long run and significant negative relationship effect of Consumer Price Index (CPI) and broad money on the US stock market both in the short run and long run. On the other hand, this study only could support the significant positive impact of tax revenue and significant negative impact of real effective exchange rate on the US stock market in the short run while in the long run are insignificant. Keywords: ARDL, monetary policy, fiscal policy, stock market, United States

Drones, Surveillance, and Violence: Theory and Evidence from a US Drone Program

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asfandyar Mir ◽  
Dylan Moore
Keyword(s):  
Air Power ◽  
Affected Area ◽  
Qualitative Evidence ◽  
The Us ◽  
Drone Strikes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Group Trust

Abstract We investigate the impact of the US drone program in Pakistan on insurgent violence. Using details about US-Pakistan counterterrorism cooperation and geocoded violence data, we show that the program was associated with monthly reductions of around nine to thirteen insurgent attacks and fifty-one to eighty-six casualties in the area affected by the program. This change was sizable, as in the year before the program, the affected area experienced around twenty-one attacks and one hundred casualties per month. Additional quantitative and qualitative evidence suggests that this drop is attributable to the drone program. However, the damage caused in strikes during the program cannot fully account for the reduction. Instead, anticipatory effects induced by the program played a prominent role in subduing violence. These effects stemmed from the insurgents’ perception of the risk of being targeted in drone strikes; their efforts to avoid targeting severely compromised their movement and communication abilities, in addition to eroding within-group trust. These findings contrast with prominent perspectives on air-power, counterinsurgency, and US counterterrorism, suggesting select drone deployments can be an effective tool of counterinsurgency and counterterrorism.

scholarly journals Spring Freeze Damage of Pecan Bloom: A Review

Horticulturae ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
Amandeep Kaur ◽  
Louise Ferguson ◽  
Niels Maness ◽  
Becky Carroll ◽  
William Reid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Height ◽  
The United States ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Tree Age ◽  
The Us ◽  
Nut Production ◽  
Freeze Damage ◽  
Terminal Buds ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Impact

Pecan is native to the United States. The US is the world’s largest pecan producer with an average yearly production of 250 to 300 million pounds; 80 percent of the world’s supply. Georgia, New Mexico, Texas, Arizona, Oklahoma, California, Louisiana, and Florida are the major US pecan producing states. Pecan trees frequently suffer from spring freeze at bud break and bloom as the buds are quite sensitive to freeze damage. This leads to poor flower and nut production. This review focuses on the impact of spring freeze during bud differentiation and flower development. Spring freeze kills the primary terminal buds, the pecan tree has a second chance for growth and flowering through secondary buds. Unfortunately, secondary buds have less bloom potential than primary buds and nut yield is reduced. Spring freeze damage depends on severity of the freeze, bud growth stage, cultivar type and tree age, tree height and tree vigor. This review discusses the impact of temperature on structure and function of male and female reproductive organs. It also summarizes carbohydrate relations as another factor that may play an important role in spring growth and transition of primary and secondary buds to flowers.

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