scholarly journals Influence of Wound Type and Storage Duration on Susceptibility of Sweetpotatoes to Rhizopus Soft Rot

Plant Disease ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 345-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald J. Holmes ◽  
Richard R. Stange
Keyword(s):  
Similar Pattern ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Soft Rot ◽  
Rhizopus Stolonifer ◽  
Storage Duration ◽  
Wound Type ◽  
And Storage

Susceptibility of stored sweetpotato roots (cvs. Beauregard and Hernandez) to Rhizopus soft rot caused by Rhizopus stolonifer was tested at 4- to 6-week intervals over a storage period of 335 days in 1998-1999 (year 1) and 1999-2000 (year 2). In each experiment, roots were wounded by four methods (puncture, bruise, broken, and scrape), inoculated with freshly harvested spores from 4- to 10-day-old cultures, and compared with a nonwounded but inoculated control for their susceptibility to decay. Roots were totally resistant to infection after harvest for 60 days in year 1 and 30 days in year 2. The bruise wound type was most commonly associated with infection, with disease incidence peaking 100 and 175 days after harvest in years 1 and 2, respectively. Inoculation by the puncture method followed a similar pattern in Hernandez but was ineffective in Beauregard. Following the peak in disease incidence at 100 or 175 days, susceptibility of roots declined to levels comparable to that of freshly harvested roots. This period of heightened susceptibility was longer in Hernandez than in Beauregard. The effects of injury types broken and scrape were more variable and did not show the same trend in both years.

Effects of Stem Length and Storage Duration on Sugar Losses in Sweet Sorghum

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-259
Author(s):  
Stefano Amaducci ◽  
Alberto Assirelli ◽  
Marco Trevisan ◽  
Alessandra Fracasso ◽  
Enrico Santangelo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Sorghum ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Storage Duration ◽  
Total Sugar Content ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Sugar Loss

Abstract. Sweet sorghum ( (L.) Moench) is a multi-purpose crop, yielding fuel in the form of ethanol from its stem juice, food in the form of grain, and fodder from its leaves and bagasse. The sugars utilized for bioethanol production are contained in the stalks, in an amount varying between 12% and 25% of the fresh biomass, according to the genotypes and harvesting time. However, these carbohydrates can be easily lost during harvest and post-harvest, because of wrong machinery settings and prolonged periods of exposure of the cut material to the action of fermentative agents. For these reasons, the production of biofuel from sweet sorghum is very sensitive to harvest systems and storage methods, as they can influence remarkably the final energetic yield of the crop. The main objective of the present study was to monitor the time course of dry matter and sugar content in sweet sorghum stem over a long-time storage period. The analysis was carried out by dividing the stems into portions of different length in order to test different storage configuration by varying the stem portion stored to simulate the action of different harvest machines. This work has been designed to take into account a larger storage window respect previous experimentation. The research has provided evidence that sugar loss during the storage is highly influenced by the length of the stem portion, as well as by storage conditions. Total sugar content at harvest was on average 23.2%. The decreasing of sugar content continued during the storage period but at different rate for the different portions. At the end of storage, the sugar content of the whole stem was on average 6.6%, while the smallest portion (1/16 of the whole stem) had an average content of 1.0%. Indications on best storage conditions (storage form, storage location, storage ambient condition), as well as technical details regarding new potential harvesting solutions to decrease the speed rate of sugar loss have been provided. Keywords: Biofuel, Harvesting, Storage, Sugar losses, Sweet sorghum.

scholarly journals Influence of plant extracts, storage containers and storage duration on the physiological quality of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Mansf.) seeds stored under ambient conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 116 (2) ◽  
pp. 229
Author(s):  
Tolulope Olaitan KEHINDE ◽  
Olatunde Azeez BHADMUS ◽  
Joseph OLUFELO
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Storage Duration ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Storage Container ◽  
Storage Containers ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Water Melon

<p>Watermelon seed being an oily seed is prone to rapid deterioration of its quality, hence maintaining quality during storage is germane. The study therefore investigated the effect of crude plant powder, storage containers and storage duration on the seed quality of two varieties of watermelon seeds. Seed lots each of 100 g of each variety were treated with 10 g of four crude plant powders of clove basil leaf, red chilli pepper fruit, garlic, neem leaf and a synthetic fungicide. All samples were stored in three storage containers (envelope, tin and glass bottle). Treated seeds were stored under ambient conditions for 180 days. Germination and seedling vigour were determined at 180 day time course after storage. Data were subjected to mean separation using Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. Significant differences were observed in the quality traits examined in water melon due to differences in variety, seed treatment, storage container and storage period. ‘Kaolak’ was the best in storage in terms of seedling vigour and viability. Glass bottle was identified as the best storage container in maintaining seed quality of water melon throughout the storage period. The use of organic materials especially neem and clove basil leaf powder proved much better for maintaining germinability and seedling vigour and extension of seed longevity than inorganic material.</p>

scholarly journals Applications of Chlorine Dioxide Gas for Control of Bacterial Soft Rot in Tomatoes

Plant Disease ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 91 (10) ◽  
pp. 1316-1320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Mahovic ◽  
Joel D. Tenney ◽  
Jerry A. Bartz
Keyword(s):  
Chlorine Dioxide ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Erwinia Carotovora ◽  
Soft Rot ◽  
Sodium Chlorite ◽  
Bacterial Soft Rot ◽  
Chlorine Dioxide Gas ◽  
Entire Storage Period ◽  
And Storage

Chlorine dioxide (ClO2) gas was generated from a mixture of sodium chlorite and ferric chloride plus water (impregnated into zeolite) in a Tyvek sachet over a 2- or 24-h period. The gas was distributed by a fan over wound-inoculated tomato fruit (Lycopersicon esculentum) enclosed in a sealed aluminum pressure cooker. Within 24 h of inoculation with 6 log10 CFU of Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora per wound and storage at 22 to 24°C, bacterial soft rot was observed on >80% of the nontreated wounds (10 wounds/fruit and 4 or 6 fruit/treatment). By contrast, wounds that had been exposed to an atmosphere containing up to 99 mg ClO2 during a 2- or 24-h period remained firm and dry with no evidence of bacterial activity or soft rot. After 72 h of incubation, wounds exposed to 88 mg ClO2 produced over 24 h or 99 mg ClO2 produced over 2 h were free of decay, whereas bacterial soft rot was observed in ca. 12% and less than 5% of wounds treated with 0.75 mg or 7.5 mg, respectively, for either 2 or 24 h. Wounds that had not been inoculated remained free of bacterial soft rot throughout the entire storage period. Wounds exposed to the highest doses of ClO2, 88 mg/24 h or 99 mg/2 h, became bleached and sunken. Additionally, the stem scars on these fruit became cracked, sunken, and bleached. The intact cuticle was not visibly affected, and there was no observed change in overall fruit color. ClO2 gas may be effective for controlling postharvest decays of fruit that have been inoculated prior to or during harvest.

scholarly journals PACKAGING AND STORAGE OF WATERMELON USING DIFFERENT SHRINK-WRAP FILMS

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (11) ◽  
pp. 1176a-1176
Author(s):  
Noida A. Biglete ◽  
Robert F. Testin ◽  
James W. Rushing
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Chilling Injury ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Visual Quality ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Total Soluble Solids ◽  
Quality Rating ◽  
Triploid Watermelon ◽  
And Storage

A triploid watermelon cultivar, `Crimson Trio' and a seeded cultivar, `Mirage', were shrink-wrapped in four different films: Cryovac D940, Cryovac D955, and Magellan film with and without a blended biocide. Unwrapped fruits served as the control. Fruits were stored at either 1.5, 10 and 21°C for three weeks plus an additional week at 21°C to simulate retail marketing. Total soluble solids (TSS) and pulp color measurements were taken after harvest and at the end of the storage period while weight, disease incidence, chilling injury and visual quality rating were monitored at weekly intervals. Results showed that the seedless variety have better postharvest qualities in terms of storage life, TSS and chilling resistance than the seeded variety. Wrapped fruits had less weight loss, higher TSS and better rind color than the unwrapped fruits at the end of the storage period. However, all wrapping treatments, including the biocidal film increased disease incidence compared to unwrapped controls. Also, wrapping did not alleviate chilling injury, which was most severe in fruits stored at 1.5°C and then held at 21°C for one week.

scholarly journals BEKICOT (ACHATINAFULICA) MICROBIOLOGY TEST BASED ON THREE WAYS TREATMENT AND STORAGE DURATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 291-296
Author(s):  
Mery Pattipeilohy ◽  
◽  
Stevin Melay ◽  
Stenly Lessu ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Storage Period ◽  
Biology Education ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Storage Duration ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Number Of Bacteria

Bekicot (Achatinafulica) is a gastropod class animal consumed by TNS community. It is processed in several ways including fried, boiled, and roasted. This study aims at determining the amount of bacteria found in snails that are processed in accordance with the habits of the community and stored for 3 hours, 6 hours, and 9 hours. This type of research is a descriptive study to see the quality of bicrobiology. This research was conducted in TNS sub-district for sampling and a microbiology test was carried out in the Basic Laboratory of Biology Education at Pattimura University. The results showed that among the three treatments, the lowest number of colonies was 3 hours treatment. The lowest amount of bacteria was found in bekicot meat by roasting with an average of 11.3 Cfu / g. In the storage period of 6 and 9 hours the meat is not safe to be consumed because it contains more than 5x105 Cfu / g bacteria, the highest number of bacteria or cannot be counted (CNbC) is found in meat by boiling.

scholarly journals Gamma Radiation Influences Postharvest Disease Incidence of Pineapple Fruits

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 807-808 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Damayanti ◽  
G.J. Sharma ◽  
S.C. Kundu
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Ananas Comosus ◽  
Postharvest Disease ◽  
Storage Duration ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Ceratocystis Paradoxa ◽  
And Storage

The application of gamma radiation for improving the storage of pineapple fruits [Ananas comosus (L.) Merr. cv. Queen] has been studied in an attempt to reduce decay caused by fungal pathogens such as Ceratocystis paradoxa (Dade)-Moreau and Penicillium purpurogenum Stoll. Gamma radiation at 50, 75, 100, 150, and 250 Gy improved shelf life. The maximum tolerable dose was ≈250 Gy. Fruits irradiated with up to 150 Gy and then stored at 25 to 28C maintained their texture better than did the controls. Radiation, particularly at doses >250 Gy, caused browning of the shin and softening of tissues. Browning increased with increasing radiation dose and storage duration. Excessively high doses promoted spoilage. Doses in the range of 50 to 250 Gy, in combination with storage at 11 to 13C, can be used to reduce postharvest losses in pineapple due to fungal diseases and senescence, thereby extending shelf life.

Diseases of the kumara crop

2009 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 402-402
Author(s):  
S.L. Lewthwaite ◽  
P.J. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Mechanical Damage ◽  
Soft Rot ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Root Surface ◽  
Black Rot ◽  
Rhizopus Stolonifer ◽  
Ceratocystis Fimbriata ◽  
Pink Rot

The predominant diseases of the commercial kumara (Ipomoea batatas) or sweetpotato crop are caused by fungal pathogens The field disease pink rot results from infection by the fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Lesions form on vines but may spread down stems to the roots The widespread nature of this disease in sweetpotato appears peculiar to New Zealand Scurf is a disease caused by Monilochaetes infuscans which occurs in the field but may proliferate amongst stored roots The disease causes a superficial discolouration of the root surface which is mainly cosmetic but can also increase root water loss in storage Infection by Ceratocystis fimbriata produces a disease known as black rot The disease can be transmitted amongst plants at propagation but is particularly rampant amongst roots in storage This disease is readily transmitted and can cause severe economic loss Fusarium oxysporum causes surface rots in stored roots characterised by light to dark brown lesions that tend to be firm dry and superficial The lesions may be circular and centred on wounds caused by insects or mechanical damage at harvest Soft rot caused by Rhizopus stolonifer generally occurs in roots after they are washed and prepared for the market Fungal infection occurs through wounds or bruised tissue producing distinctive tufts of white fungal strands and black spores

scholarly journals The Influence Mechanism of Temperature and Storage Period on Polarization Properties of Poly (Vinylidene Fluoride–Trifluoroethylene) Ultrathin Films

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 301
Author(s):  
Xingjia Li ◽  
Zhi Shi ◽  
Xiuli Zhang ◽  
Xiangjian Meng ◽  
Zhiqiang Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ultrathin Films ◽  
Remanent Polarization ◽  
Vinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Testing Temperature ◽  
Fatigue Properties ◽  
Inhibition Mechanism ◽  
Poly Vinylidene Fluoride ◽  
High Level ◽  
And Storage

The effect of testing temperature and storage period on the polarization fatigue properties of poly (vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) (P(VDF–TrFE)) ultrathin film devices were investigated. The experimental results show that, even after stored in air for 150 days, the relative remanent polarization (Pr/Pr(0)) of P(VDF–TrFE) of ultrathin films can keep at a relatively high level of 0.80 at 25 °C and 0.70 at 60 °C. To account for this result, a hydrogen fluoride (HF) formation inhibition mechanism was proposed, which correlated the testing temperature and the storage period with the microstructure of P(VDF–TrFE) molecular chain. Moreover, a theoretical model was constructed to describe the polarization fatigue evolution of P(VDF–TrFE) samples.

scholarly journals Changes in Particle Size, Sedimentation, and Protein Microstructure of Ultra-High-Temperature Skim Milk Considering Plasmin Concentration and Storage Temperature

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 2339
Author(s):  
So-Yul Yun ◽  
Jee-Young Imm
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Whey Proteins ◽  
Skim Milk ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Sediment Analysis ◽  
Sediment Formation ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Ultra High Temperature

Age gelation is a major quality defect in ultra-high-temperature (UHT) pasteurized milk during extended storage. Changes in plasmin (PL)-induced sedimentation were investigated during storage (23 °C and 37 °C, four weeks) of UHT skim milk treated with PL (2.5, 10, and 15 U/L). The increase in particle size and broadening of the particle size distribution of samples during storage were dependent on the PL concentration, storage period, and storage temperature. Sediment analysis indicated that elevated storage temperature accelerated protein sedimentation. The initial PL concentration was positively correlated with the amount of protein sediment in samples stored at 23 °C for four weeks (r = 0.615; p < 0.01), whereas this correlation was negative in samples stored at 37 °C for the same time (r = −0.358; p < 0.01) due to extensive proteolysis. SDS-PAGE revealed that whey proteins remained soluble over storage at 23 °C for four weeks, but they mostly disappeared from the soluble phase of PL-added samples after two weeks’ storage at 37 °C. Transmission electron micrographs of PL-containing UHT skim milk during storage at different temperatures supported the trend of sediment analysis well. Based on the Fourier transform infrared spectra of UHT skim milk stored at 23 °C for three weeks, PL-induced particle size enlargement was due to protein aggregation and the formation of intermolecular β-sheet structures, which contributed to casein destabilization, leading to sediment formation.

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